Fungi are key players in extreme ecosystems

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 37(6), С. 517 - 528

Опубликована: Март 1, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Mars Extant Life: What's Next? Conference Report

Astrobiology, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 20(6), С. 785 - 814

Опубликована: Май 29, 2020

On November 5–8, 2019, the "Mars Extant Life: What's Next?" conference was convened in Carlsbad, New Mexico. The gathered a community of actively publishing experts disciplines related to habitability and astrobiology. Primary conclusions are as follows: A significant subset attendees concluded that there is realistic possibility Mars hosts indigenous microbial life. powerful theme permeated key search for martian extant life lies identifying exploring refugia ("oases"), where conditions either permanently or episodically significantly more hospitable than average. Based on our existing knowledge Mars, participants highlighted four potential refugium (not listed priority order): Caves, Deep Subsurface, Ices, Salts. group did not attempt reach consensus prioritization these candidate environments, but instead felt defensible would require future competitive process. Within context we identified variety geological strategies could narrow space. Additionally, summarized number measurement techniques be used detect evidence (if present). Again, it within scope prioritize techniques—that best left We specifically note sensitivity detection methods implemented if samples were returned Earth greatly exceed methodologies at Mars. Finally, important lessons guide processes can derived both from experiments carried out terrestrial laboratories analog field sites theoretical modeling.

Язык: Английский

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A review of extracellular polysaccharides from extreme niches: An emerging natural source for the biotechnology. From the adverse to diverse!

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 177, С. 559 - 577

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2021

Язык: Английский

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All living cells are cognitive

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 564, С. 134 - 149

Опубликована: Сен. 22, 2020

Язык: Английский

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Recent advances in understanding extremophiles

F1000Research, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 8, С. 1917 - 1917

Опубликована: Ноя. 13, 2019

Despite the typical human notion that Earth is a habitable planet, over three quarters of our planet uninhabitable by us without assistance. The organisms live and thrive in these “inhospitable” environments are known name extremophiles found all Domains Life. Despite general lack knowledge about them, they have already assisted humans many ways still much more to give. In this review, I describe how adapted live/thrive/survive their niches, helped scientists unlock major scientific discoveries, advance field biotechnology, inform boundaries Life where we might find it Universe.

Язык: Английский

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Microorganisms and Their Metabolic Capabilities in the Context of the Biogeochemical Nitrogen Cycle at Extreme Environments

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 21(12), С. 4228 - 4228

Опубликована: Июнь 13, 2020

Extreme microorganisms (extremophile) are organisms that inhabit environments characterized by inhospitable parameters for most live beings (extreme temperatures and pH values, high or low ionic strength, pressure, scarcity of nutrients). To grow optimally under these conditions, extremophiles have evolved molecular adaptations affecting their physiology, metabolism, cell signaling, etc. Due to peculiarities in terms physiology they become good models (i) understanding the limits life on Earth, (ii) exploring possible existence extraterrestrial (Astrobiology), (iii) look potential applications biotechnology. Recent research has revealed extremophilic microbes play key roles all biogeochemical cycles Earth. Nitrogen cycle (N-cycle) is one important nature; thanks it, nitrogen converted into multiple chemical forms, which circulate among atmospheric, terrestrial aquatic ecosystems. This review summarizes recent knowledge role extreme N-cycle ecosystems, with special emphasis members Archaea domain. Potential implications global warming balance, as well biotechnological also discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Meta-Analysis of Microbial Communities in Hot Springs: Recurrent Taxa and Complex Shaping Factors beyond pH and Temperature

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 8(6), С. 906 - 906

Опубликована: Июнь 16, 2020

The study of microbial communities from extreme environments is a fascinating topic. With every study, biologists and ecologists reveal interesting facts questions that dispel the old belief these are inhospitable environments. In this work, we assess diversity three hot springs Neuquén, Argentina, using high-throughput amplicon sequencing. We predicted distinct metabolic profile in acidic circumneutral samples, with first ones being dominated by chemolithotrophs second chemoheterotrophs. Then, collected data around world an effort to comprehend roles pH temperature as shaping factors. Interestingly, there was covariation between both parameters phylogenetic distance communities; however, neither them could explain much ordination model. Moreover, no correlation alpha parameters. Therefore, communities’ seemed have complex factors beyond temperature. Lastly, looked for taxa associated different environmental conditions. Several such were found. For example, Hydrogenobaculum frequently present springs, Sulfolobaceae family; on other hand, Candidatus Hydrothermae phylum strongly some singularities related sites featuring certain also observed.

Язык: Английский

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MARSBOx: Fungal and Bacterial Endurance From a Balloon-Flown Analog Mission in the Stratosphere

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Фев. 22, 2021

Whether terrestrial life can withstand the martian environment is of paramount interest for planetary protection measures and space exploration. To understand microbial survival potential in Mars-like conditions, several fungal bacterial samples were launched September 2019 on a large NASA scientific balloon flight to middle stratosphere (∼38 km altitude) where radiation levels resembled values at equatorial Mars surface. Fungal spores

Язык: Английский

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Haloarchaea as emerging big players in future polyhydroxyalkanoate bioproduction: Review of trends and perspectives

Current Research in Biotechnology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 4, С. 377 - 391

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2022

Haloarchaea comprise the extremely halophilic branch of phylum Euryarchaeota and they are members prokaryotic domain Archaea. They thrive best in saline habitats with salt concentrations 2 to 5 mol L–1 NaCl, thus under conditions near saturation water. These ancient organisms among oldest species on Earth, characterized by ether-linked lipids cytoplasmic membrane murein-free cell walls. increasingly receiving attention as microbial factories for bioproduction diverse marketable products, such bacterioruberin, bacteriorhodopsin, isoprenoids, polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs). biopolyesters serve intracellular storage compounds secondary metabolism haloarchaea many other prokaryotes. Engineered or wild type PHA-producing that utilize inexpensive raw materials bioproduction, which only require clean-in-place procedures run PHA production bioprocesses, currently undergoing scale-up within research development field Archaea Biotechnology. In addition, PHAs exhibit high potential both bio-based biodegradable plastic-like bulk products industrial biotechnology market ("White Biotechnology") biopolymers. However, has not yet reached maturity. The present review discusses background, previous research, biological role biosynthesis haloarchaea, well current trends, a critical discussion its broad industrialization.

Язык: Английский

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Microbial Diversity of Terrestrial Geothermal Springs in Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh: A Review

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 9(7), С. 1473 - 1473

Опубликована: Июль 9, 2021

The microbial diversity of high-altitude geothermal springs has been recently assessed to explore their biotechnological potential. However, little is known regarding the microbiota similar ecosystems located on Armenian Highland. This review summarizes information nine mineralized (temperature range 25.8–70 °C and pH 6.0–7.5) in Armenia Nagorno-Karabakh. All these are at altitudes ranging from 960–2090 m above sea level Alpide (Alpine–Himalayan) orogenic belt, a seismically active region. A mixed-cation mixed-anion composition, with total mineralization 0.5 mg/L, identified for thermal springs. taxonomic hot spring microbiomes examined using culture-independent approaches, including denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), 16S rRNA gene library construction, 454 pyrosequencing, Illumina HiSeq. bacterial phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Cyanobacteria, Firmicutes predominant life forms studied Archaea mainly include Euryarchaeota, Crenarchaeota, Thaumarchaeota, comprise less than 1% prokaryotic community. Comparison Karvachar that described other terrestrial revealed Actinobacteria, Deinococcus–Thermus common groups Contemporaneously, specific archaeal taxa were observed different Evaluation carbon, sulfur, nitrogen metabolism communities terms metabolic activity. Temperature seems be an important factor shaping Overall, richness negatively affected by increasing temperature. Other abiotic factors, pH, mineralization, geological history, also impact structure function More 130 strains (Bacillus, Geobacillus, Parageobacillus, Anoxybacillus, Paenibacillus, Brevibacillus Aeribacillus, Ureibacillus, Thermoactinomyces, Sporosarcina, Thermus, Rhodobacter, Thiospirillum, Thiocapsa, Rhodopseudomonas, Methylocaldum, Desulfomicrobium, Desulfovibrio, Treponema, Arcobacter, Nitropspira, Methanoculleus) have reported, some which may representative novel species (sharing 91–97% sequence identity closest matches GenBank) producers thermozymes biomolecules potential applications. Whole-genome shotgun sequencing T. scotoductus K1, as well potentially new Treponema sp. J25 Anoxybacillus performed. Most metagenomic approaches. Detailed characterization thermophilic isolates indicate source biotechnologically valuable microbes biomolecules.

Язык: Английский

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