Acidification suppresses the natural capacity of soil microbiome to fight pathogenic Fusarium infections

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 22, 2023

Soil-borne pathogens pose a major threat to food production worldwide, particularly under global change and with growing populations. Yet, we still know very little about how the soil microbiome regulates abundance of their impact on plant health. Here combined field surveys experiments investigate relationships properties structure function contrasting health outcomes. We find that acidification largely impacts bacterial communities reduces capacity soils combat fungal pathogens. In vitro assays microbiomes from acidified further highlight declined ability suppress Fusarium, globally important pathogen. Similarly, when inoculate healthy plants an microbiome, show greatly reduced prevent pathogen invasion. Finally, metagenome sequencing untargeted metabolomics reveals down regulation genes associated synthesis sulfur compounds reduction key traits related metabolism in acidic soils. Our findings suggest changes disruption specific microbial processes induced by can play critical role for

Язык: Английский

---

Rhizosphere Microorganisms Supply Availability of Soil Nutrients and Induce Plant Defense

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(3), С. 558 - 558

Опубликована: Март 11, 2024

Plant health is necessary for food security, which a key determinant of secure and sustainable production systems. Deficiency soil nutrients invasion plant pathogens or insects are the main destroyers world’s production. Synthetic fertilizers chemical-based pesticides frequently employed to combat problems. However, these have negative impacts on microbial ecosystems ecosystem functioning. Rhizosphere microorganisms demonstrated their potency improve manage encourage growth, resulting in increased yield quality by converting organic inorganic substances around rhizosphere zone into available nutrients. Besides regulating nutrient availability growth enhancement, rhizobacteria fungi can restrict that cause disease secreting inhibitory chemicals boosting immunity pests pathogens. Thus, viewed as viable, alluring economic approaches agriculture biofertilizers biopesticides. This review provides an overview role inducing defenses. Moreover, discussion presented surrounding recent consequences employing strategy towards improving fertilization effectiveness, encouraging stronger, more pest-resistant plants.

Язык: Английский

---

Fungal biodeterioration and preservation of cultural heritage, artwork, and historical artifacts: extremophily and adaptation

Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 88(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2024

SUMMARYFungi are ubiquitous and important biosphere inhabitants, their abilities to decompose, degrade, otherwise transform a massive range of organic inorganic substances, including plant matter, rocks, minerals, underpin major significance as biodeteriogens in the built environment cultural heritage. Fungi often most obvious agents heritage biodeterioration with effects ranging from discoloration, staining, biofouling destruction building components, historical artifacts, artwork. Sporulation, morphological adaptations, explorative penetrative lifestyle filamentous fungi enable efficient dispersal colonization solid substrates, while many species able withstand environmental stress factors such desiccation, ultra-violet radiation, salinity, potentially toxic substances. Many can grow under nutrient-limited conditions, produce resistant cell forms that survive through long periods adverse conditions. The fungal chemoorganotrophic metabolism therefore adaptation success frequently encountered extremophilic conditions associated indoor outdoor Apart free-living fungi, lichens growth form pioneer colonizers materials, especially stone- mineral-based components. This article surveys roles heritage, reference mechanisms involved relation substances encountered, well methods by which be assessed combated, how certain processes may utilized bioprotection.

Язык: Английский

---

Dryland microbiomes reveal community adaptations to desertification and climate change

The ISME Journal, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 18(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Abstract Drylands account for 45% of the Earth’s land area, supporting ~40% global population. These regions support some most extreme environments on Earth, characterized by temperatures, low and variable rainfall, soil fertility. In these biomes, microorganisms provide vital ecosystem services have evolved distinctive adaptation strategies to endure flourish in extreme. However, dryland microbiomes they are under threat due intensifying desertification climate change. this review, we a synthesis our current understanding microbial life drylands, emphasizing remarkable diversity adaptations communities. We then discuss anthropogenic threats, including influence change outline knowledge gaps. Finally, propose research priorities address those gaps safeguard sustainability fragile biomes.

Язык: Английский

---

Metallic Nanoparticles: A Promising Arsenal against Antimicrobial Resistance—Unraveling Mechanisms and Enhancing Medication Efficacy

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(19), С. 14897 - 14897

Опубликована: Окт. 4, 2023

The misuse of antibiotics and antimycotics accelerates the emergence antimicrobial resistance, prompting need for novel strategies to combat this global issue. Metallic nanoparticles have emerged as effective tools combating various resistant microbes. Numerous studies highlighted their potential in addressing antibiotic-resistant fungi bacterial strains. Understanding mechanisms action these nanoparticles, including iron-oxide, gold, zinc oxide, silver is a central focus research within life science community. Various hypotheses been proposed regarding how exert effects. Some suggest direct targeting microbial cell membranes, while others emphasize release ions from nanoparticles. most compelling mechanism involves oxidative damage caused by nanoparticles-generated reactive oxygen species. This review aims consolidate knowledge, discuss properties metallic underscore alternatives enhance efficacy existing medications against infections antimicrobial-resistant pathogens.

Язык: Английский

---

OMICS and Other Advanced Technologies in Mycological Applications

Journal of Fungi, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(6), С. 688 - 688

Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2023

Fungi play many roles in different ecosystems. The precise identification of fungi is important aspects. Historically, they were identified based on morphological characteristics, but technological advancements such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing now enable more accurate taxonomy, higher-level classifications. However, some species, referred to "dark taxa", lack distinct physical features that makes their challenging. High-throughput metagenomics environmental samples provide a solution identifying new lineages fungi. This paper discusses approaches including PCR amplification rDNA, multi-loci phylogenetic analyses, the importance various omics (large-scale molecular) techniques for understanding fungal applications. use proteomics, transcriptomics, metatranscriptomics, metabolomics, interactomics provides comprehensive These advanced technologies are critical expanding knowledge Kingdom Fungi, its impact food safety security, edible mushrooms foodomics, secondary metabolites, mycotoxin-producing fungi, biomedical therapeutic applications, antifungal drugs drug resistance, data novel development. also highlights exploring from extreme environments understudied areas identify dark taxa.

Язык: Английский

---

Extreme environments offer an unprecedented opportunity to understand microbial eukaryotic ecology, evolution, and genome biology

Nature Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2023

Abstract Research in extreme environments has substantially expanded our understanding of the ecology and evolution life on Earth, but a major group organisms been largely overlooked: microbial eukaryotes (i.e., protists). In this Perspective, we summarize data from over 80 studies protists identify focal lineages that are significant interest for further study, including clades within Echinamoebida, Heterolobosea, Radiolaria, Haptophyta, Oomycota, Cryptophyta. We argue prime sampling targets to fill gaps eukaryotic tree increase ecology, metabolism, genome architecture, life.

Язык: Английский

---

Pollution caused by mining reshaped the structure and function of bacterial communities in China’s largest ion-adsorption rare earth mine watershed

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 451, С. 131221 - 131221

Опубликована: Март 15, 2023

Язык: Английский

---

GC-MS Based Characterization, Antibacterial, Antifungal and Anti-Oncogenic Activity of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Aspergillus niger Strain AK-6 Isolated from Rhizospheric Soil

Current Issues in Molecular Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 45(5), С. 3733 - 3756

Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2023

Rhizospheric soil is the richest niche of different microbes that produce biologically active metabolites. The current study investigated antimicrobial, antifungal and anticancer activities ethyl acetate extract potent rhizospheric fungus Aspergillus niger AK6 (AK-6). A total six fungal isolates were isolated, isolate AK-6 was selected based on primary screening. Further, it exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity against pathogens such as Klebsiella pneumonia, Candida albicans, Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Bacillus subtilis Staphylococcus aureus. morphological molecular characterization (18S rRNA) confirmed belonged to niger. showed with 47.2%, 59.4% 64.1% inhibition Sclerotium rolfsii, Cercospora canescens Fusarium sambucinum phytopathogens. FT-IR analysis displayed biological functional groups. Consequently, GC-MS bioactive compounds, namely, n-didehydrohexacarboxyl-2,4,5-trimethylpiperazine (23.82%), dibutyl phthalate (14.65%), e-5-heptadecanol (8.98%), 2,4-ditert-butylphenol (8.60%), among 15 compounds isolated. MCF-7 cell line human breast adenocarcinoma an IC50 value 102.01 μg/mL. Furthermore, flow cytometry depicted 17.3%, 26.43%, 3.16% early late apoptosis necrosis in extarct treated line, respectively. results present suggest isolated strain has potential be explored a promising drug for medical agricultural applications.

Язык: Английский

---

A Review of the Biotechnological Potential of Cave Fungi: A Toolbox for the Future

Journal of Fungi, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(2), С. 145 - 145

Опубликована: Фев. 14, 2025

The study of the intersection between biodiversity and biotechnology has revealed a rich source innovations. Fungi, with their vast range morphologies lifestyles, thrive in various habitats, including caves. With impressive metabolic characteristics, they play key role producing essential biotechnological compounds for economic sectors. This paper aims to consolidate evidence on potential fungi isolated from caves, highlighting urgency conserving exploring these ecosystems. For this purpose, we conducted comprehensive literature search using scientific databases (SciELO, Medline Complete, Medline/PubMed, Web Science, Scopus (Elsevier), Google Scholar). We adopted an interdisciplinary approach by collecting information 22 papers published 2013 2024. Based data, our survey broad potential, antimicrobial compounds, antioxidants, antitumor agents, enzymes, organic acids. emphasize that accurately identifying depositing fungal isolates reference collections are crucial reliable research effective industrial applications, driving bioactivity production substances inhibit pathogens. Conserving protecting cave environment is imperative, considering its continuous discovery contribution advancement.

Язык: Английский

---