Advances in Non-Invasive Neuromodulation Techniques for Improving Cognitive Function: A Review

Brain Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(4), С. 354 - 354

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

Non-invasive neuromodulation techniques are widely utilized to study and improve cognitive function, with the aim of modulating different processes. For workers performing high-intensity mental physical tasks, extreme fatigue may not only affect their working efficiency but also lead decline or impairment, which, in turn, poses a serious threat health. The use non-invasive has important research value for improving enhancing function. In this paper, we review status, existing problems, future prospects transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), alternating (tACS), magnetic (TMS), transcutaneous acupoint (TAS), which most studied methods enhance cognition. findings presented paper will be great reference in-depth field

Язык: Английский

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Astroglial Cells: Emerging Therapeutic Targets in the Management of Traumatic Brain Injury

Cells, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(2), С. 148 - 148

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2024

Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) represents a significant health concern, necessitating advanced therapeutic interventions. This detailed review explores the critical roles of astrocytes, key cellular constituents central nervous system (CNS), in both pathophysiology and possible rehabilitation TBI. Following injury, astrocytes exhibit reactive transformations, differentiating into pro-inflammatory (A1) neuroprotective (A2) phenotypes. paper elucidates interactions with neurons, their role neuroinflammation, potential for exploitation. Emphasized strategies encompass utilization endocannabinoid calcium signaling pathways, hormone-based treatments like 17β-estradiol, biological therapies employing anti-HBGB1 monoclonal antibodies, gene therapy targeting Connexin 43, innovative technique astrocyte transplantation as means to repair damaged neural tissues.

Язык: Английский

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Anatomo-physiological basis and applied techniques of electrical neuromodulation in chronic pain

Journal of Anesthesia Analgesia and Critical Care, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4(1)

Опубликована: Май 2, 2024

Abstract Chronic pain, a complex and debilitating condition, poses significant challenge to both patients healthcare providers worldwide. Conventional pharmacological interventions often prove inadequate in delivering satisfactory relief while carrying the risks of addiction adverse reactions. In recent years, electric neuromodulation emerged as promising alternative chronic pain management. This method entails precise administration electrical stimulation specific nerves or regions within central nervous system regulate signals. Through mechanisms that include alteration neural activity release endogenous pain-relieving substances, can effectively alleviate improve patients' quality life. Several modalities neuromodulation, with different grade invasiveness, provide tailored strategies tackle various forms origins pain. an exploration anatomical physiological pathways encompassing neurotransmitter involvement, this narrative review offers insights into therapies’ action, clinical utility, future perspectives

Язык: Английский

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Modulating neuroplasticity for chronic pain relief: noninvasive neuromodulation as a promising approach

Experimental & Molecular Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 3, 2025

Abstract Chronic neuropathic pain is a debilitating neuroplastic disorder that notably impacts the quality of life millions people worldwide. This complex condition, encompassing various manifestations, such as sciatica, diabetic neuropathy and postherpetic neuralgia, arises from nerve damage or malfunctions in processing pathways involves biological, physiological psychological processes. Maladaptive neuroplasticity, known central sensitization, plays critical role persistence chronic pain. Current treatments for include pharmacological interventions (for example, antidepressants anticonvulsants), invasive procedures deep brain stimulation) physical therapies. However, these approaches often have limitations potential side effects. In light challenges, interest noninvasive neuromodulation techniques alternatives complementary increasing. These methods aim to induce analgesia while reversing maladaptive plastic changes, offering advantages over conventional practices methods. Recent technological advancements spurred exploration therapies, repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, direct current stimulation ultrasound well innovative transformations into at both preclinical clinical levels. Here this review aims critically examine mechanisms neuroplasticity evaluate efficacy relief. By focusing on optimizing techniques, we can better assess their short-term long-term effects, refine treatment variables ultimately improve management.

Язык: Английский

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Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) and Motor Cortex Stimulation (MCS) for Central Post-Stroke Pain: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis

Pain Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2025

Abstract Introduction Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS) and Motor Cortex stimulation (MCS) are invasive interventions in order to treat various neuropathic pain syndromes such as Central Post-Stroke Pain. While each treatment has varying degree of success, comparative analysis not yet been performed, the success rates these techniques using validated, objective scores have synthesised. Methods A systematic review meta-analysis was conducted accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Three databases were searched, articles published from January 2000 October 2024 included (last search date 25 2024). Meta-Analysis performed random effects models. We evaluated performance DBS or MCS by assessing studies that reported relief Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) Numerical Rating (NRS) scores. Results Of 478 identified, 32 (330 patients- 139 DBS, & 191 MCS). The improvement mean VAS score for patients underwent post-surgery 48.6% compared a 53.1% had MCS. pooled number who improved after 0.62 (95% CI, 0.51-0.71, I2=16%). 0.64 0.53-0.74, I2=40%). Conclusion use neurosurgical last-resort treatments Pain, limited exploring comparing two techniques. our study shows might be slightly better option, further research would need done determine appropriate surgical intervention

Язык: Английский

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Targeting the insular cortex for neuropathic pain modulation: Insights into synaptic and neuronal mechanisms

The FASEB Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 39(2)

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2025

Abstract Neuropathic pain, caused by nerve damage, greatly affects quality of life. Recent research proposes modulating brain activity, particularly through electrical stimulation the insular cortex (IC), as a treatment option. This study aimed to understand how IC (ICS) pain modulation. In rat neuropathy model, researchers used optogenetic and ICS techniques evaluate changes in mechanical allodynia synaptic changes, focusing on glutamate receptors (AMPAR, NR2A, NR2B). Optogenetic inhibition neurons relieved without altering plasticity. However, repetitive combined with activation diminished pain‐relieving effects increased AMPAR NR2B receptor levels. Additionally, activating inhibitory also reduced while excitatory lessened effectiveness was associated heightened expression. These findings suggest that inhibiting or could help modulate neuropathic conditions, shedding light can influence management

Язык: Английский

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Non-invasive Brain Stimulation Techniques

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

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Neurostimulation in Neuro-Ophthalmology: Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential

IntechOpen eBooks, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Окт. 16, 2024

Visual processing constitutes a substantial portion of cognitive, executive, and sensorimotor functions the brain. Understandably, damage to visual areas pathways results in various impairments. Neuro-ophthalmology addresses these complexities, yet traditional management approaches often have limited efficacy undesirable side effects. In recent years, neurostimulation has emerged as promising alternative, offering strong therapeutic benefits with minimal adverse While extensively explored neurological psychiatric disorders, its application ophthalmology remains relatively underexplored. This chapter navigates advancements techniques, focusing on their potential treating neuro-ophthalmic illnesses. We begin an introduction system then cover major neuro-ophthalmologic illnesses related stimulation principles while also describing associated neurochemical neuroplastic changes. Two types modalities are discussed—invasive non-invasive—highlighting mechanisms potentials. Finally, we address current challenges, gaps, prospects research managing disorders.

Язык: Английский

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Non-invasive brain stimulation for fibromyalgia: current trends and future perspectives

Frontiers in Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 17

Опубликована: Окт. 19, 2023

Fibromyalgia, a common and enduring pain disorder, ranks as the second most prevalent rheumatic disease after osteoarthritis. Recent years have witnessed successful treatment using non-invasive brain stimulation. Transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial direct current electroconvulsion therapy shown promise in treating chronic pain. This article reviews literature concerning stimulation for fibromyalgia treatment, its mechanisms, establishes scientific basis rehabilitation, discusses future directions research development prospects of these techniques are discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Degree centrality-based resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging explores central mechanisms in lumbar disc herniation patients with chronic low back pain

Frontiers in Neurology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Июнь 11, 2024

Objective To investigate the central mechanism of lumbar disc herniation in patients with chronic low back pain (LDHCP) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) utilizing Degree Centrality (DC) method. Methods Twenty-five LDHCP and twenty-two healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled, rs-fMRI data from their brains collected. We compared whole-brain DC values between HC groups, examined correlations within group Visual Analogue Score (VAS), Oswestry Dysfunction Index (ODI), disease duration. Diagnostic efficacy was evaluated receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Results exhibited increased bilateral cerebellum brainstem, whereas decreased noted left middle temporal gyrus right post-central when HCs. The positively correlated VAS ( r = 0.416, p 0.039) ODI 0.405, 0.045), there no correlation duration > 0.05). Other brain regions showed significant VAS, ODI, or Furthermore, results obtained ROC analysis demonstrated that Area Under Curve (AUC) for 0.929. Conclusion findings indicated local abnormalities spontaneous neural activity connectivity cerebellum, gyrus, postcentral among patients.

Язык: Английский

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