Depression and coronary heart disease: mechanisms, interventions, and treatments

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Фев. 9, 2024

Coronary heart disease (CHD), a cardiovascular condition that poses significant threat to human health and life, has imposed substantial economic burden on the world. However, in contrast conventional risk factors, depression emerges as novel independent factor for CHD. This impacts onset progression of CHD elevates adverse prognostic events those already affected by As result, garnered increasing global attention. Despite this growing awareness, specific mechanisms through which contributes development remain unclear. Existing research suggests primarily influences inflammatory response, Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis (HPA) Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) dysfunction, platelet activation, endothelial lipid metabolism disorders, genetics, all play pivotal roles development. Furthermore, effectiveness safety antidepressant treatment patients with comorbid its potential impact prognosis have become subjects controversy. Further investigation is warranted address these unresolved questions.

Язык: Английский

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Transcutaneous vagus nerve stimulation ameliorates cardiac abnormalities in chronically stressed rats

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 397(1), С. 281 - 303

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Putative role of non‐invasive vagus nerve stimulation in cancer pathology and immunotherapy: Can this be a hidden treasure, especially for the elderly?

Cancer Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(18), С. 19081 - 19090

Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2023

Cancer is globally a disease of significant public health concern owing to its prevalence, and association with morbidity mortality. Thus, cost-effective treatments for cancer are important help reduce However, the current therapeutic options such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, surgery may produce serious adverse events nausea, vomiting, fatigue, peripheral neuropathy, especially in long term. In addition, these not be well tolerated by elderly those who frail. The article aimed at discussing an alternative option, non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (VNS), roles it plays pathology immunotherapy. VNS does this reducing oxidative stress via silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1); inhibiting inflammation both hypothalamic-pituitary-axis (HPA) release corticosteroid from adrenal gland, cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP), increasing vagal activity which helps regulation cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, metabolism, increase chance survival. Furthermore, complications due or postoperative ileus severity neuropathy induced improves cancer-related lymphopenia, quality life. These suggest that importance immunotherapy cannot overemphasized. Therefore, considering safety cost-effectiveness, option worth trying patients, combination other therapies.

Язык: Английский

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Traditional Chinese Exercises for Cardiovascular Diseases: A Bibliometric Analysis

Perceptual and Motor Skills, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 131(2), С. 514 - 536

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2024

Traditional Chinese exercises (TCEs) have great value in the prevention and effective treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Our purpose this study was to summarize present research trends future directions regarding link between TCEs CVD by bibliometrics analysis. We searched Web Science Core Collection (WoSCC) for all original articles reviews on published English before August 7, 2022 using CiteSpace 5.8.R3 Microsoft Excel 2019 software, we displayed results form network maps, line graphs, tables. initially obtained 725 articles. showed that United States most influential country research, with Harvard University prolific institution field, and, Evidence-Based Complementary Alternative Medicine productive journal these The highest-frequency keywords area were Tai Chi, exercise, blood pressure, quality life, older adult. Additionally, important topics included heart rate variability, meta-analysis, Baduanjin breathing exercise. In addition, our revealed among TCEs, Baduanjin, Qigong emerged as extensively studied. However, it’s note exclusive focus literature may led missing results. Future investigators should broaden their search include other databases languages a still more comprehensive overview field.

Язык: Английский

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Heart Rate Variability as a Potential Predictor of Response to Intranasal Esketamine in Patients with Treatment-Resistant Depression: A Preliminary Report

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(16), С. 4767 - 4767

Опубликована: Авг. 14, 2024

Background: Esketamine has received approval as a nasal spray (ESK-NS) for treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and evidence from real-world investigations confirmed the effectiveness of ESK-NS, albeit with interindividual differences in response. Heart rate variability (HRV), defined fluctuation time interval between consecutive heartbeats, can be used to measure autonomic dysfunction psychiatric disorders its role been investigated diagnosis prognosis depression. Methods: This preliminary report aims evaluate HRV parameters their association treatment outcome 18 patients (55.6% males, 55.6 ± 9.39 years old) TRD treated target dose ESK-NS one month (mean dose: 80.9 9.05 mg). The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) 3 min resting electrocardiogram were assess changes depressive symptoms measurements before after treatment. Results: Responders (n = 8, 44.5%; based on ≥30% BDI scores reduction) displayed lower values than non-responders at baseline (p 0.019), which increased 0.038). Receiver-Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves obtained logistic regression discriminative potential our sample (AUC 0.844). Conclusions: These observations suggest mutual interaction esketamine HRV, especially relation Further studies are required investigate electrophysiological profiles among predictors response allow personalized intervention strategies that still represent public health concern.

Язык: Английский

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Sympathetic Overactivity and Parasympathetic Impairment in Type 2 Diabetes: An Analysis of Cardiovascular Autonomic Functions

Cureus, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Май 3, 2024

Background Cardiovascular autonomic dysregulation is a known complication of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), characterized by in heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP). These disruptions cardiovascular control can significantly influence the morbidity mortality associated with disease. Objectives This study aims to investigate how T2DM affects functions comparing responses HR, BP, specific function tests between group without diabetes. The research questions focus on assessing HR variability, baroreflex sensitivity, other parameters determine extent diabetic patients. Methods cross-sectional involved 200 adults, divided equally (n = 100) 100). exclusion criteria included diseases renal impairment. Data collection baseline characteristics such as age BMI. measures, including systolic (SBP), diastolic (DBP), were recorded after five-minute rest. Autonomic assessed sympathetic parasympathetic responses, cold pressor test isometric hand grip exercise test. statistical analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 25 (Released 2017; Corp., Armonk, New York, United States), focusing independent t-tests compare groups, considering p-values <0.05 significant. Potential confounding variables like BMI accounted ensure robust findings Results showed higher average (28.95 ± 5.60) compared (26.50 5.70) an increased resting (74.20 8.60 bpm vs. 69.30 9.10 bpm). SBP slightly (115.00 19.00 mmHg 114.50 8.90 mmHg), while DBP lower (71.50 10.70 72.80 6.70 mmHg). smaller increase (106.80 11.00 mmHg) larger (75.90 8.30 upon standing controls. indicated activity group, significant rises (133.70 10.30 (83.40 9.00 (SBP: 114.31 11.87 mmHg, DBP: 71.85 8.67 demonstrate marked differences groups. Conclusions demonstrates that impacts functions, patients showing altered BP indicative decreased activity. dysfunctions may heighten risk individuals. Our highlight importance monitoring managing reduce their complications. Further should underlying mechanisms effectiveness interventions improve this population.

Язык: Английский

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Impaired Modulation of the Autonomic Nervous System in Adult Patients with Major Depressive Disorder

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(6), С. 1268 - 1268

Опубликована: Июнь 6, 2024

Patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) have an increased risk for cardiac events. This is partly attributed to a disbalance of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) indicated by reduced vagal tone and (relative) sympathetic hyperactivity. However, in most studies, heart rate variability (HRV) was only examined while resting. So far, it remains unclear whether dysbalance ANS patients MDD restricted resting or also evident during parasympathetic activation. The aim this study compare responses challenges that stimulated and, respectively, systems MDD. Forty-six (female 27 (58.7%), mean age 44 ± 17 years) 46 healthy controls 26 (56.5%), 20 underwent measurement time- frequency-dependent domains HRV at rest, standing (sympathetic challenge), slow-paced breathing (SPB, vagal, i.e., challenge). showed higher rate, HRV, diminished resting, standing, SPB compared controls. responded similarly extent modulation impaired MDD, who decrease but increase activity when switching from standing. Assessing changes activation via respective might serve as future biomarker help allocate therapies like biofeedback psychotherapy were recently found modulate tone.

Язык: Английский

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Efficacy of a 4-week yoga module on the sympatho-vagal balance among healthcare workers in a tertiary care hospital: a randomised controlled trial

BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 11(1), С. e002448 - e002448

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Healthcare workers (HCWs) actively involved in patient care at tertiary hospitals face significant stress and workload, which may adversely impact their sympatho-vagal balance (SVB). Research has extensively investigated SVB using various techniques, such as heart rate variability (HRV). With its multifaceted approach, yoga been suggested to influence autonomic nervous system function and, consequently, SVB. Thus, this study aims investigate the efficacy of a 4-week module on among HCWs. This randomised controlled trial will involve 108 HCWs aged 19–60 years. Participants be either (1) intervention group or (2) medium-paced walking control group. The primary outcome is change HRV after 4 weeks intervention. Secondary outcomes comprise immediate state anxiety, selective attention compared pre- post-intervention days 1, 14 28. Intention-to-treat per-protocol analysis performed gain comprehensive understanding effects Multivariate linear model adjust covariates baseline data both groups. Independent t-test compare postdata all between Paired used within protocol registered Clinical Trials Registry – India (CTRI) (CTRI/2024/09/074132).

Язык: Английский

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An Integrated Platform Combining Immersive Virtual Reality and Physiological Sensors for Systematic and Individualized Assessment of Stress Response (bWell): Design and Implementation Study

JMIR Formative Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 9, С. e64492 - e64492

Опубликована: Март 4, 2025

Stress is a pervasive issue in modern society, manifesting various forms such as emotional, physical, and work-related stress, each with distinct impacts on individuals society. Traditional stress studies often rely psychological, performance, or social tests; however, recently, immersive virtual reality (VR), which provides sense of presence natural interaction, offers the opportunity to simulate real-world tasks stressors controlled environments. Despite its potential, use VR investigate multifaceted manifestations has not been thoroughly explored. This study aimed explore feasibility using VR-based platform, bWell, elicit responses measure resulting behavioral physiological changes. Specifically, we design exercises based neurocardiac models systematically test cardiac functioning within specific contexts self-regulation (executive functioning, physical efforts, emotional regulation). The development process adhered guidelines for clinical trials complex health interventions, encompassing 3 phases: preparation, development, verification. preparation phase involved comprehensive literature review establish links between heart, brain, leading formulation conceptual model Neurovisceral Integration Model (NVIM) Vagal Tank Theory (VTT). designing targeting integrating sensors photoplethysmography (PPG) electromyography (EMG) capture heart rate variability (HRV) facial expressions. verification phase, conducted small number trials, implement workflow testing feasibility, acceptability, tolerability exercises. In addition, potential capturing measures along subjective ratings dimensions was assessed. Verification demonstrated that were well tolerated, negligible cybersickness high user engagement. different successfully elicited intended demands, responses. presents novel experimental setup allows systematic individualized assessment responses, paving way future research identify features confer resilience help manage effectively. While our highlights role HRV providing valuable insights into will involve multivariate machine learning analyses predict individual sensor data, including EMG ultimately guiding personalized management interventions.

Язык: Английский

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The Constrained Disorder Principle: Beyond Biological Allostasis

Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(4), С. 339 - 339

Опубликована: Март 25, 2025

The constrained disorder principle (CDP) defines complex biological systems based on inherent variability. Allostasis refers to the physiological processes that help maintain stability in response changing environmental demands. Allostatic load describes cumulative wear and tear body resulting from prolonged exposure stress, it has been suggested mediate relationship between stress disease. This study presents concepts of CDP allostasis while discussing their similarities differences. We reviewed current literature potential benefits introducing controlled doses noise into interventions, which may enhance effectiveness therapies. paper highlights promising role variability provided by a CDP-based second-generation artificial intelligence system improving health outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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