Scientific Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(1)
Опубликована: Май 21, 2024
Abstract
Colorectal
cancer
(CRC)
is
a
malignant
tumor
originating
from
epithelial
cells
of
the
colon
or
rectum,
and
its
invasion
metastasis
could
be
regulated
by
anoikis.
However,
key
genes
pathways
regulating
anoikis
in
CRC
are
still
unclear
require
further
research.
The
single
cell
transcriptome
dataset
GSE221575
GEO
database
was
downloaded
applied
to
subpopulation
type
identification,
intercellular
communication,
pseudo
time
trajectory
analysis,
receptor
ligand
expression
analysis
CRC.
Meanwhile,
RNA
TCGA,
GSE39582,
GSE17536,
GSE17537
datasets
were
merged
into
one
bulk
dataset.
differentially
expressed
(DEGs)
related
extracted
these
data
sets,
marker
obtained
after
feature
selection.
A
clinical
prognosis
prediction
model
constructed
based
on
predictive
effect
analyzed.
Subsequently,
gene
pathway
immune
infiltration
immunosuppressive
point
drug
sensitivity
immunotherapy
efficacy
conducted
for
model.
In
this
study,
we
used
determine
activity
analyzed
DEGs
score
identify
involved
disease
After
dimensionality
reduction
selection,
7
obtained,
including
TIMP1,
VEGFA,
MYC,
MSLN,
EPHA2,
ABHD2
,
CD24
.
prognostic
risk
scoring
system
built
genes,
along
with
patient
(age,
stage,
grade),
incorporated
create
nomogram,
which
predicted
1-,
3-,
5-years
survival
accuracy
0.818,
0.821,
0.824.
By
using
system,
samples
divided
high/low
anoikis-related
groups,
there
significant
differences
infiltration,
distribution
checkpoints,
chemotherapy
drugs,
between
two
groups.
Anoikis
participate
differentiation
colorectal
cells,
promote
development,
predict
cancer.
Cancers,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15(15), С. 3836 - 3836
Опубликована: Июль 28, 2023
Cancer
is
an
impending
bottleneck
in
the
advanced
scientific
workflow
to
achieve
diagnostic,
prognostic,
and
therapeutic
success.
Most
cancers
are
refractory
conventional
diagnostic
chemotherapeutics
due
their
limited
targetability,
specificity,
solubility,
side
effects.
The
inherent
ability
of
each
cancer
evolve
through
various
genetic
epigenetic
transformations
metabolic
reprogramming
underlies
limitations.
Though
tumor
microenvironments
(TMEs)
quite
well
understood
some
cancers,
microenvironment
differs
from
other
internal
perturbations
skew
thereby
impeding
development
appropriate
diagnostics,
drugs,
vaccines,
therapies.
associated
bioenergetics
modulations
regulate
TME,
angiogenesis,
immune
evasion,
generation
resistant
niches
progression,
a
thorough
understanding
crucial
However,
this
remains
missing
element
theranostics,
necessitating
modalities
that
can
be
adapted
for
diagnostics
therapeutics.
In
challenging
scenario,
nanomaterials
modular
platforms
TME
achieving
successful
theranostics.
Several
nanoscale
particles
have
been
successfully
researched
animal
models,
few
reached
clinical
trials,
achieved
Nanoparticles
exhibit
intrinsic
capability
interact
with
diverse
biomolecules
modulate
functions.
Furthermore,
nanoparticles
functionalized
receptors,
modulators,
drugs
facilitate
specific
targeting
reduced
toxicity.
This
review
discusses
current
different
theranostic
nanosystems,
synthesis,
functionalization,
targetability
modulation
bioenergetics,
microenvironment.
We
highlight
potential
nanosystems
enhanced
chemotherapeutic
success
emphasizing
questions
remain
unanswered.
Cancer
therapy
has
witnessed
remarkable
advancements
in
eradicating
cancer
cells
within
the
body,
leading
to
improved
patient
outcomes
and
prolonged
survival.
This
chapter
provides
an
overview
of
current
therapies,
encompassing
radiation
therapy,
chemotherapy,
targeted
immunotherapy,
emerging
therapeutic
modalities
such
as
viral
gene
therapy.
explores
intricate
molecular
mechanisms
underpinning
resistance
discusses
contemporary
approaches
designed
combat
against
immunotherapy.
In
conclusion,
evolved
significantly,
offering
diverse
treatment
options.
Continued
research,
clinical
trials,
multidisciplinary
collaboration
are
essential
for
further
refining
optimizing
quality
life.
Understanding
developing
innovative
strategies
crucial
enhancing
outcomes,
making
ongoing
research
trials
indispensable.
Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15
Опубликована: Авг. 8, 2024
Introduction:
Circulating
tumor
cells
(CTCs)
represent
the
sub-population
of
shed
into
vasculature
and
able
to
survive
in
bloodstream,
adhere
target
vascular
endothelial
cells,
re-growth
distant
organ.
CTCs
have
been
found
blood
most
solid
tumor-bearing
patients
are
used
as
a
diagnostic
marker.
Although
complex
genotypic
phenotypic
signature
characterizes
CTCs,
ability
suspension
constitutes
critical
property,
known
resistance
anoikis
,
e.g.,
resist
apoptosis
resulting
from
loss
substrate
adhesion.
Here,
we
selected
melanoma
resistant
studied
their
metabolic
reprogramming,
with
aim
identifying
new
targets
CTCs.
Methods:
Subpopulations
expressing
high
-resistant
phenotype
were
by
three
consecutive
rocking
exposures
for
characteristics.
Moreover,
tested
efficacy
different
inhibitors
targeting
glycolysis
(2DG),
LDHA
(LDHA-in-3),
mitochondrial
electron
transport
chain
I
(rotenone),
glutaminase
(BPTES),
fatty
acid
transporter
(SSO),
synthase
(denifanstat),
CPT1
(etomoxir),
inhibit
cell
survival
colony
formation
after
24
h
condition.
Results:
Anoikis-
displayed
higher
grow
on
agarose-covered
dishes
respect
control
viability
capability
further
step
They
showed
also
an
epithelial-to-mesenchymal
transition
associated
invasiveness
stemness-like
phenotype.
Anoikis
reprogramming
characteristic
glycolytic
metabolism
toward
more
oxidative
based
use
glutamine
acids,
while
re-adhesion
reversed
glycolysis.
The
treatment
highlighted
effectiveness
rotenone,
BPTES,
SSO,
etomoxir
reducing
capable
surviving
suspension,
confirming
dependence
phosphorylation,
using
acids
important
fuels.
Discussion:
This
finding
opens
up
therapeutic
strategies
oxidation
metastases.
The
chapter
explores
the
complicated
relationship
between
immune
cells
and
cancer
drug
resistance.
cell
composition
in
tumor
microenvironment
(TME),
encompassing
B
cells,
effector
regulatory
T
tumor-associated
macrophages
(TAMs),
myeloid-derived
suppressor
(MDSCs),
neutrophils
(TANs),
plays
a
decisive
role
tumorigenesis.
Various
studies
showed
that
MDSCs
can
create
immunosuppressive
microenvironment,
allowing
to
evade
drug-induced
cytotoxicity.
dynamics
of
influenced
by
play
crucial
modulating
responsiveness.
navigates
through
signaling
pathways,
molecular
cross
talk,
adaptive
mechanisms
define
landscape
context
It
potential
immunotherapeutic
interventions,
such
as
checkpoint
inhibitors,
recalibrate
responses
overcome
resistance
mechanisms.
In
essence,
this
exploration
underscores
pivotal
shaping
destiny
By
deciphering
intricacies
these
interactions,
aims
provide
insights
pave
way
for
innovative
therapeutic
strategies,
pushing
boundaries
treatment
toward
greater
efficacy
resilience
against
Colorectal
cancer
is
a
common
malignant
tumor
of
the
digestive
system.
Its
morbidity
and
mortality
rank
among
highest
in
world.
Cancer
development
associated
with
aberrant
signaling
pathways.
Autophagy
process
cell
self-digestion
that
maintains
intracellular
environment
has
bidirectional
regulatory
role
cancer.
Apoptosis
one
important
death
programs
cells
able
to
inhibit
development.
Studies
have
shown
variety
substances
can
regulate
autophagy
apoptosis
colorectal
through
pathways,
participate
regulation
on
apoptosis.
In
this
paper,
we
focus
relevant
research
based
involvement
related
pathways
order
provide
new
ideas
therapeutic
directions
for
treatment
