Gut Microbiota and Bacterial Translocation in the Pathogenesis of Liver Fibrosis

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(22), С. 16502 - 16502

Опубликована: Ноя. 19, 2023

Cirrhosis is the end result of liver fibrosis in chronic diseases. Studying mechanisms its development and developing measures to slow down regress it based on this knowledge seem be important tasks for medicine. Currently, disorders gut–liver axis have great importance pathogenesis cirrhosis. However, gut dysbiosis, which manifests as increased proportions microbiota Bacilli Proteobacteria that are capable bacterial translocation a decreased proportion Clostridia strengthen intestinal barrier, occurs even at pre-cirrhotic stage disease. This leads translocation, process by those microbes enter blood portal vein then tissue, where they activate Kupffer cells through Toll-like receptor 4. In response, produce profibrogenic cytokines, hepatic stellate cells, stimulating their transformation into myofibroblasts collagen other elements extracellular matrix. Blocking with antibiotics, probiotics, synbiotics, methods could progression fibrosis. was shown number animal models but requires further verification long-term randomized controlled trials humans.

Язык: Английский

---

The Role of Intestinal Microbiota and Diet as Modulating Factors in the Course of Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Diseases

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(2), С. 308 - 308

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2024

Many researchers propose manipulating microbiota to prevent and treat related diseases. The brain-gut axis is an object that remains the target of modern research, it not without reason many enrich with diet in its name. Numerous connections mutual correlations have become basis for seeking answers questions pathology as well human physiology. Disorders this homeostasis dysbiosis itself accompany neurodegenerative diseases such Alzheimer's Parkinson's. Heavily dependent on external factors, modulation gut microbiome represents opportunity advance treatment Probiotic interventions, synbiotic or fecal transplantation can undoubtedly support biotherapeutic process. A special role played by diet, which provides metabolites directly affect body microbiota. holistic view organism therefore essential.

Язык: Английский

---

Caenorhabditis elegans as a Screening Model for Probiotics with Properties against Metabolic Syndrome

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(2), С. 1321 - 1321

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2024

There is a growing need to develop new approaches prevent and treat diseases related metabolic syndromes, including obesity or type 2 diabetes, that focus on the different factors involved in pathogenesis of these diseases. Due role gut microbiota regulation glucose insulin homeostasis, probiotics with beneficial properties have emerged as an alternative therapeutic tool ameliorate diseases-related disturbances, fat excess inflammation. In last few years, strains bacteria, mainly lactic acid bacteria (LAB) species from genus Bifidobacterium, potential due their anti-obesogenic and/or anti-diabetic properties. However, vivo studies are needed demonstrate mechanisms probiotic features. this context, Caenorhabditis elegans has very powerful simple model study physiological molecular effects applications regarding pathologies syndrome. This review aims summarize main describing anti-obesogenic, anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory using C. research model, well providing description activities.

Язык: Английский

---

Effects of Melatonin Supplementation on Markers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Patients with Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 63, С. 530 - 539

Опубликована: Июль 23, 2024

Язык: Английский

---

Impact of Metabolites from Foodborne Pathogens on Cancer

Foods, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 13(23), С. 3886 - 3886

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Foodborne pathogens are microorganisms that cause illness through contamination, presenting significant risks to public health and food safety. This review explores the metabolites produced by these pathogens, including toxins secondary metabolites, their implications for human health, particularly concerning cancer risk. We examine various such as Salmonella sp., Campylobacter Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, detailing specific of concern carcinogenic mechanisms. study discusses analytical techniques detecting chromatography, spectrometry, immunoassays, along with challenges associated detection. covers effective control strategies, processing techniques, sanitation practices, regulatory measures, emerging technologies in pathogen control. manuscript considers broader highlighting importance robust policies, awareness, education. identifies research gaps innovative approaches, recommending advancements detection methods, preventive policy improvements better manage foodborne metabolites.

Язык: Английский

---

Role of gut microbiota in regulating immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy for glioblastoma

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Июнь 10, 2024

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant, invasive, and poorly prognosed brain tumor. Unfortunately, active comprehensive treatment does not significantly prolong patient survival. With the deepening of research, it has been found that gut microbiota plays certain role in GBM, can directly or indirectly affect efficacy immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) various ways. (1) The metabolites produced by host’s homeostasis, these function distribution cells, promote inhibit inflammatory responses, phenotype, angiogenesis, response, cell infiltration GBM thereby affecting effectiveness ICIs. (2) Some members may reverse T inhibition, increase anti-tumor activity, ultimately improve ICIs targeting specific immunosuppressive cytokines. (3) participate metabolic process drugs, which degrade, transform, produce metabolites, effective concentration bioavailability drugs. Optimizing structure help (4) also regulate status through axis communication, progression therapeutic response to (5) Given importance for ICI therapy, researchers have begun exploring use fecal transplantation (FMT) transplant healthy optimized patients, order their enhance therapy. Preliminary studies suggest FMT therapy some patients. In summary, crucial regulating with deeper understanding relationship between tumor immunity, expected develop more precise personalized strategies prognosis.

Язык: Английский

---

Large Yellow Tea Polysaccharide Alleviates HFD-Induced Intestinal Homeostasis Dysbiosis via Modulating Gut Barrier Integrity, Immune Responses, and the Gut Microbiome

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 72(13), С. 7230 - 7243

Опубликована: Март 18, 2024

Long-term high-fat diet (HFD) will induce dysbiosis and a disturbance of intestinal homeostasis. Large yellow tea polysaccharide (LYP) has been shown to improve obesity-associated metabolic disease via modulation the M2 polarization. However, contribution LYP barrier impairment improvement mechanisms in obesity caused by an HFD are still not clear. In this study, we evaluated impacts on mucosal function microbiota composition HFD-feeding mice. Results exhibited that dietary supplement could ameliorate physical maintaining integrity elevating tight-junction protein production, strengthen chemical up-regulating levels glucagon-like peptide-1 increasing mucin-producing goblet cell numbers, enhance immune though suppressing subsets cytokines toward pro-inflammatory phenotypes. Moreover, reshaped constitution metabolism flora enriching probiotics produce short-chain fatty acids. Overall, might be used as critical regulator homeostasis host health promoting gut integrity, modulating response, inhibiting bowel inflammation.

Язык: Английский

---

Flavan-3-ols and Vascular Health: Clinical Evidence and Mechanisms of Action

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(15), С. 2471 - 2471

Опубликована: Июль 30, 2024

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are one of the main causes mortality and morbidity worldwide. A healthy diet rich in plant-derived compounds such as (poly)phenols appears to have a key role improving cardiovascular health. Flavan-3-ols represent subclass great interest for their possible health benefits. In this review, we summarized results clinical studies on vascular outcomes flavan-3-ol supplementation focused microbiota CVD. Clinical trials included review showed that with flavan-3-ols mostly derived from cocoa products significantly reduces blood pressure improves endothelial function. Studies catechins green tea demonstrated better when involving individuals. From mechanistic point view, emerging evidence suggests microbial metabolites may play observed effects. Their function extends beyond previous belief ROS scavenging activity encompasses direct impact gene expression protein Although appear effects health, further needed clarify confirm these potential benefits rising involvement microbiota.

Язык: Английский

---

Altered gut microbial profiles in drug-treated rats with alcoholic heart disease

Journal of Medical Microbiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 74(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 6, 2025

Alcohol abuse can lead to significant cardiac injury, resulting in Alcoholic heart disease (AHD). The interplay between health and gut microbiota composition the context of alcohol consumption is not well understood.

Язык: Английский

---

In vitro and in vivo investigations on the use of yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) as a novel protein feed ingredient for fattening lambs

Animal Feed Science and Technology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 116224 - 116224

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

---