Impact of ectopic fat on brain structure and cognitive function: A systematic review and meta-analysis from observational studies

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 70, С. 101082 - 101082

Опубликована: Июль 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Adipokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Emerging Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(11), С. 2998 - 2998

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2023

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease manifested by joint involvement, extra-articular manifestations, and general symptoms. Adipose tissue, previously perceived as an inert energy storage organ, has been recognised significant contributor to RA pathophysiology. Adipokines modulate immune responses, inflammation, metabolic pathways in RA. Although most adipokines have pro-inflammatory aggravating effect on RA, some could counteract this pathological process. The coexistence of sarcopenic obesity (SO) gained attention due its impact severity outcomes. Sarcopenic further contributes the milieu disturbances. Recent research highlighted intricate crosstalk between adipose tissue skeletal muscle, suggesting potential interactions these tissues This review summarizes roles particularly modulation, destruction. In addition, it explores emerging role adipomyokines, specifically irisin myostatin, pathogenesis their therapeutic targets. We discuss implications targeting adipomyokines management highlight challenges future directions for field.

Язык: Английский

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High adherence to the Mediterranean diet and Alternative Healthy Eating Index are associated with reduced odds of metabolic syndrome and its components in participants of the ORISCAV-LUX2 study

Frontiers in Nutrition, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9

Опубликована: Дек. 13, 2022

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major risk factor for cardiometabolic complications. Certain dietary patterns play pivotal role in improving MetS components. The aim of this investigation was to study associations between the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) and Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) odds its components adults living Luxembourg.Data from 1,404 participating cross-sectional ORISCAV-LUX2 were analyzed by self-reported questionnaire, anthropometric measures, food frequency questionnaire (174 items), blood/urine samples.A significant association indices not found except when expressing as score (continuous variable, log-transformed), based on weighting compounds using exploratory analysis with MDS (β = -0.118, 95% CI: -0.346, -0.120) AHEI -0.133, -0.059, -0.019). Fully adjusted linear regression models further showed inverse (all log-transformed variables), including body mass index (BMI) -0.0067, -0.0099, -0.0036), waist-circumference (WC) -0.0048, -0.0072, -0.0024), systolic blood pressure (SBP) -0.0038, -0.0061, -0.0016), diastolic (DBP) -0.0035, -0.0060, -0.0009). Similarly, (log-transformed) included BMI -0.0001, -0.0016, -0.0002), WC -0.0007, -0.0011, SBP -0.0006, -0.0010, DBP -0.0001).Higher adherence diet following healthy eating guidelines associated reduced several Luxembourgish residents, highlighting that balanced are crucial cornerstone fight against MetS.

Язык: Английский

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Medical imaging in the assessment of cardiovascular disease risk

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 26(5), С. 440 - 446

Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2023

Purpose of review The prevalence obesity has exponentially increased during the past years. assessment human adipose tissue distribution enables identification diverse ectopic depots, and helps to explain its relationship with cardiovascular health status. In this review, we summarize current methods used in distribution, discuss between risk developing diseases metabolic complications. Recent findings reference instruments assess nowadays are computed tomography magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Today, MRI is preferred technique measurement variations body among different phenotypes individuals. This helped better understand depots cardiometabolic Summary Although composition can be assessed by simple techniques, these calculations provide erroneous results conclusions, requiring complex interpretations when situations concomitantly engaged. Contrarily, medical techniques (e.g. MRI) objectively unbiasedly measure changes that may occur longitudinal studies pharmacological drug interventions).

Язык: Английский

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Long-Term Improvement in Cardiorespiratory Fitness Ameliorates Insulin Sensitivity beyond Changes in Visceral/Ectopic Fat among Men with Visceral Obesity

Nutrients, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(9), С. 1377 - 1377

Опубликована: Май 1, 2024

The SYNERGIE study documented the effects on cardiometabolic risk (CMR) indices of a 1-year lifestyle intervention targeting physical activity (PA) and diet followed by 2-year maintenance period in men with visceral obesity. Improvements CMR markers decrease low-attenuation muscle (LAM) area were observed after 1 year. Despite rebound adipose tissue (VAT) during period, insulin resistance (IR) improved. We tested hypothesis that variations cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) LAM could explain long-term improvement IR. A health (n = 88; mean age 49.0 ± 8.2 years) 72) evaluation was performed at 0, 1, 3 years. Participants classified into two groups based their CRF response over (worsening: CRF− vs. maintenance/improvement: CRF+). During changes psoas core areas correlated IR (r 0.27; p < 0.05 r 0.34; 0.005) −0.31; 0.01 −0.30; 0.05). improved CRF+ group (p 0.05) but remained stable group. Men regained half VAT volume mid-thigh compared to These results support importance CRF/PA for management

Язык: Английский

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