High adherence to the Mediterranean diet and Alternative Healthy Eating Index are associated with reduced odds of metabolic syndrome and its components in participants of the ORISCAV-LUX2 study

Frontiers in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Dec. 13, 2022

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a major risk factor for cardiometabolic complications. Certain dietary patterns play pivotal role in improving MetS components. The aim of this investigation was to study associations between the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS) and Alternative Healthy Eating Index (AHEI) odds its components adults living Luxembourg.Data from 1,404 participating cross-sectional ORISCAV-LUX2 were analyzed by self-reported questionnaire, anthropometric measures, food frequency questionnaire (174 items), blood/urine samples.A significant association indices not found except when expressing as score (continuous variable, log-transformed), based on weighting compounds using exploratory analysis with MDS (β = -0.118, 95% CI: -0.346, -0.120) AHEI -0.133, -0.059, -0.019). Fully adjusted linear regression models further showed inverse (all log-transformed variables), including body mass index (BMI) -0.0067, -0.0099, -0.0036), waist-circumference (WC) -0.0048, -0.0072, -0.0024), systolic blood pressure (SBP) -0.0038, -0.0061, -0.0016), diastolic (DBP) -0.0035, -0.0060, -0.0009). Similarly, (log-transformed) included BMI -0.0001, -0.0016, -0.0002), WC -0.0007, -0.0011, SBP -0.0006, -0.0010, DBP -0.0001).Higher adherence diet following healthy eating guidelines associated reduced several Luxembourgish residents, highlighting that balanced are crucial cornerstone fight against MetS.

Language: Английский

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Adipokines in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Emerging Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(11), P. 2998 - 2998

Published: Nov. 8, 2023

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease manifested by joint involvement, extra-articular manifestations, and general symptoms. Adipose tissue, previously perceived as an inert energy storage organ, has been recognised significant contributor to RA pathophysiology. Adipokines modulate immune responses, inflammation, metabolic pathways in RA. Although most adipokines have pro-inflammatory aggravating effect on RA, some could counteract this pathological process. The coexistence of sarcopenic obesity (SO) gained attention due its impact severity outcomes. Sarcopenic further contributes the milieu disturbances. Recent research highlighted intricate crosstalk between adipose tissue skeletal muscle, suggesting potential interactions these tissues This review summarizes roles particularly modulation, destruction. In addition, it explores emerging role adipomyokines, specifically irisin myostatin, pathogenesis their therapeutic targets. We discuss implications targeting adipomyokines management highlight challenges future directions for field.

Language: Английский

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Factors Associated with Normal-Weight Abdominal Obesity Phenotype in a Representative Sample of the Peruvian Population: A 4-Year Pooled Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(10), P. 3482 - 3482

Published: May 16, 2023

To examine factors associated with abdominal obesity among normal-weight individuals from the Demographic and Health Survey of Peru (2018-2021). Cross-sectional analytical study. The outcome variable was defined according to JIS criteria. Crude (cPR) adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) were estimated for association between sociodemographic health-related variables using GLM Poisson distribution robust variance estimates. A total 32,109 subjects included. 26.7%. multivariate analysis showed a statistically significant female sex (aPR: 11.16; 95% CI 10.43-11.94); categorized age 35 59 1.71; 1.65-1.78); 60 69 1.91; 1.81-2.02); 70 or older(aPR: 1.99; 1.87-2.10); survey year 2019 1.22; 1.15-1.28); 2020 1.17; 1.11-1.24); 2021 1.12; 1.06-1.18); living in Andean region 0.91; 0.86-0.95); wealth index poor 1.26; 1.18-1.35); middle 1.08-1.26); rich 1.17-1.36); richest 1.25; 1.16-1.36); depressive symptoms 0.95; 0.92-0.98); history hypertension 1.08; 1.03-1.13), type 2 diabetes 1.13; 1.07-1.20); fruit intake 3 more servings/day 0.92; 0.89-0.96). Female sex, older ages, low high income levels increased ratio obesity, while symptoms, region, decreased it.

Language: Английский

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Medical imaging in the assessment of cardiovascular disease risk

Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(5), P. 440 - 446

Published: June 20, 2023

Purpose of review The prevalence obesity has exponentially increased during the past years. assessment human adipose tissue distribution enables identification diverse ectopic depots, and helps to explain its relationship with cardiovascular health status. In this review, we summarize current methods used in distribution, discuss between risk developing diseases metabolic complications. Recent findings reference instruments assess nowadays are computed tomography magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Today, MRI is preferred technique measurement variations body among different phenotypes individuals. This helped better understand depots cardiometabolic Summary Although composition can be assessed by simple techniques, these calculations provide erroneous results conclusions, requiring complex interpretations when situations concomitantly engaged. Contrarily, medical techniques (e.g. MRI) objectively unbiasedly measure changes that may occur longitudinal studies pharmacological drug interventions).

Language: Английский

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Liver fat accumulation is associated with increased insulin secretion independent of total, visceral, and pancreatic fat

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 15, 2024

Abstract Context Studies in heterogeneous groups of people with respect to sex, body mass index (BMI), and glycemic status (normoglycemia, impaired glucose tolerance, diabetes), indicate no relationship between liver fat accumulation pancreatic insulin secretion. Objective This work aimed better understand the association Methods A cross-sectional analysis was conducted 61 men abdominal obesity who had high (HLF, ≥ 5.6% by magnetic resonance spectroscopy, n = 28) or low (LLF, 33), but were balanced on BMI, total fat, visceral adipose tissue (VAT), fat. frequently sampled 5-hour oral tolerance test 11 samples, conjunction mathematical modeling, used compute indices sensitivity secretion (oral minimal model). Results Compared individuals LLF, those HLF significantly greater fasting glucose, insulin, C-peptide, triglycerides; lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; similar glycated hemoglobin A1c. Areas under curve for C-peptide group than LLF (by ∼10%, ∼38%, ∼28%, respectively); postprandial rates approximately 37% 50% greater, respectively (all P < .05); whereas insulinogenic not different. participants whole-body hepatic sensitivity, disposition index, clearance .05). Conclusion Accumulation is associated increased independently adiposity, distribution, Thereby, hyperinsulinemia fatty disease partly because hypersecretion clearance.

Language: Английский

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