Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes: a New Strategy of Neurodegenerative Disease Treatment

Molecular Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 58(7), С. 3494 - 3514

Опубликована: Март 21, 2021

Язык: Английский

---

Exosome-mediated delivery and regulation in neurological disease progression

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 264, С. 130728 - 130728

Опубликована: Март 11, 2024

Exosomes (EXOs), minute membranous structures originating from diverse biological sources, have recently seized the attention of researchers due to their theranostic potential for neurological diseases. Released actively by various cells, including stem adipose tissue, and immune EXOs wield substantial regulatory influence over intricate landscape complications, exhibiting both positive negative modulatory effects. In AD, play a pivotal role in disseminating breaking down amyloid-β protein. Moreover, derived mesenchymal cells showcase remarkable capacity mitigate pro-inflammatory phenotypes regulating miRNAs neurodegenerative These vesicles possess unique ability traverse blood-brain barrier, governing aggregation mutant huntingtin Understanding exosomal functions within CNS holds significant promise enhancing treatment efficacy This review intricately examines mechanisms involving disease development, highlighting therapeutic prospects exploring utility exosome-based nanomedicine complications. Additionally, delves into challenges associated with drug delivery brain, emphasizing complexities inherent this critical aspect neurotherapeutics.

Язык: Английский

---

Exosomes Secreted From Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuate Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation/Reoxygenation-Induced Pyroptosis in PC12 Cells by Promoting AMPK-Dependent Autophagic Flux

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 14

Опубликована: Июль 17, 2020

Background: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury can lead to severe dysfunction, and its treatment is difficult. It reported that nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat family protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome-mediated cell pyroptosis an important part of cerebral I/R the activation autophagy inhibit in some tissue injury. Our previous study found protective effects bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) may be associated with regulation autophagy. Recent studies have demonstrated exosomes secreted from BMSCs (BMSC-Exos) play essential role effective biological performance mechanism BMSC-Exos remission inflammation, but it has not been We aimed investigate on determine if autophagic flux. Method: PC12 were subjected oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) induce vitro cocultured BMSC-Exos. Cell viability was determined CCK-8 lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) detection kits. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Hoechst 33342/propidium iodide (PI) double staining, 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate assay, immunofluorescence, Western blot, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) used detect pyroptosis. Furthermore, transmission (TEM), GFP-RFP-LC3 adenovirus transfection, blot flux influence Finally, coimmunoprecipitation binding interaction between NLRP3 LC3. Results: increased OGD/R. The inhibitory effect comparable inhibitor MCC950 reversed by overexpression. promoted through AMP-activated kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target rapamycin pathway, whereas chloroquine, AMPK silencing, compound C blocked Conclusions: protect against OGD/R via attenuation promoting AMPK-dependent

Язык: Английский

---

Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomal KLF4 Alleviated Ischemic Stroke Through Inhibiting N6-Methyladenosine Modification Level of Drp1 by Targeting lncRNA-ZFAS1

Molecular Neurobiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 60(7), С. 3945 - 3962

Опубликована: Март 31, 2023

Язык: Английский

---

Engineered extracellular vesicles as brain therapeutics

Journal of Controlled Release, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 338, С. 472 - 485

Опубликована: Авг. 21, 2021

Язык: Английский

---

Challenges and Improvements of Novel Therapies for Ischemic Stroke

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 12

Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2021

Stroke is the third most common disease all over world, which regarded as a hotspot in medical research because of its high mortality and morbidity. Stroke, especially ischemic stroke, causes severe neural cell death, no effective therapy currently available for neuroregeneration after stroke. Although many therapies have been shown to be preclinical studies almost none them passed clinical trials, reasons failures not well identified. In this review, we focus on several novel methods, such traditional Chinese medicine, stem therapy, exosomes that used stroke till recent decades. We summarize proposed basic mechanisms underlying these related results, discussing advantages current limitations each emphatically. Based side effects, narrow therapeutic window, less accumulation at injury region, structure transformation drug combination are subsequently applied, providing deep understanding develop treatment strategies near future.

Язык: Английский

---

Dysfunction of the Neurovascular Unit in Ischemic Stroke: Highlights on microRNAs and Exosomes as Potential Biomarkers and Therapy

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 22(11), С. 5621 - 5621

Опубликована: Май 25, 2021

Ischemic stroke is a damaging cerebral vascular disease associated with high disability and mortality rates worldwide. In spite of the continuous development new diagnostic prognostic methods, early detection outcome prediction are often very difficult. The neurovascular unit (NVU) complex multicellular entity linking interactions between neurons, glial cells, brain vessels. Novel research has revealed that exosome-mediated transfer microRNAs plays an important role in cell-to-cell communication and, thus, integral crosstalk within NVU. After stroke, NVU homeostasis altered, which induces release several potential biomarkers into blood addition biological data representing all constituents to clinical neuroradiological findings can significantly advance evaluation prognosis. this review, we present current literature regarding possible beneficial roles exosomes derived from components multipotent mesenchymal stem cells preclinical studies ischemic stroke. We also discuss most relevant trials on patients.

Язык: Английский

---

Extracellular Vesicles: Novel Roles in Neurological Disorders

Stem Cells International, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 2021, С. 1 - 16

Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2021

Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles (EVs) secreted by almost all cells, which have been recognized as a novel platform for intercellular communication in the central nervous system (CNS). capable of transferring proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and metabolites between neurons glial contributing to CNS development maintenance homeostasis. Evidence shows that exosomes originating from cells act suppressors or promoters initiation progression neurological disorders. Moreover, these shown transfer molecules associated with diseases through blood-brain barrier (BBB) thus can be detected blood. This unique feature enables potential diagnostic biomarkers In addition, substantial number researches indicated derived mesenchymal stem (MSCs) repair effects on Herein, we briefly introduce roles under physiological pathological conditions. particular, therapeutic tools disorders highlighted.

Язык: Английский

---

Focus on the role of mitochondria in NLRP3 inflammasome activation: A prospective target for the treatment of ischemic stroke (Review)

International Journal of Molecular Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 49(6)

Опубликована: Апрель 7, 2022

Post‑ischemic neuroinflammation induced by the innate local immune response is a major pathophysiological feature of cerebral ischemic stroke, which remains leading cause mortality and disability worldwide. NLR family pyrin domain containing (NLRP)3 inflammasome crucially mediates post‑ischemic inflammatory responses via its priming, activation interleukin‑1β release during hypoxic‑ischemic brain damage. Mitochondrial dysfunctions are among main hallmarks several diseases, including stroke. In present review, focus was addressed on role mitochondria in stroke while keeping NLRP3 as link. Under ischemia hypoxia, capable controlling inflammasome‑mediated through mitochondrial released contents, localization related proteins. Thus, may be attractive targets to treat well drugs that target process function At present, certain have already been studied clinical trials.

Язык: Английский

---

Combination of Stem Cells and Rehabilitation Therapies for Ischemic Stroke

Biomolecules, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 11(9), С. 1316 - 1316

Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2021

Stem cell transplantation with rehabilitation therapy presents an effective stroke treatment. Here, we discuss current breakthroughs in stem research along strategies that may have a synergistic outcome when combined together after stroke. Indeed, offers promising new approach and add to therapies. By reviewing the pathophysiology of mechanisms by which cells attenuate this inflammatory process, hypothesize will provide better functional outcomes for patients. Using preclinical data, explore prominent types cells, existing theories repair, treatments inside brain, modalities outside evidence pertaining benefits therapy. In review article, assess advantages disadvantages using mitigate devastating effects

Язык: Английский

---