Anti-prostate cancer protection and therapy in the framework of predictive, preventive and personalised medicine — comprehensive effects of phytochemicals in primary, secondary and tertiary care

The EPMA Journal, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13(3), С. 461 - 486

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2022

Abstract According to the GLOBOCAN 2020, prostate cancer (PCa) is most often diagnosed male in 112 countries and leading cancer-related death 48 countries. Moreover, PCa incidence permanently increases adolescents young adults. Also, rates of metastasising continuously grow up populations. Corresponding socio-economic burden enormous: treatment costs increase more rapidly than for any other cancer. In order reverse current trends exploding cases costs, pragmatic decisions should be made, favour advanced populational screening programmes effective anti-PCa protection at level health-to-disease transition (sub-optimal health conditions) demonstrating highest cost-efficacy treatments. For doing this, paradigm change from reactive treatments clinically manifested predictive approach personalised prevention essential. Phytochemicals are associated with potent anti-cancer activity targeting each stage carcinogenesis including cell apoptosis proliferation, invasiveness metastatic disease. example, their positive effects demonstrated stabilising restoring mitochondrial quality, which if compromised strongly sub-optimal conditions strong predisposition aggressive sub-types. Further, phytochemicals significantly enhance response cells therapies radio- chemotherapy. Evident plant-based mitigation negative side-effects frequently observed conventional has been reported. Finally, dual anti-viral such as these silibinin have being highly relevant improved management secondary tertiary care, under pandemic conditions, since PCa-affected individuals per evidence vulnerable towards COVID-19 infection. Here, we present a comprehensive data analysis considered primary care well an disease framework predictive, preventive medicine.

Язык: Английский

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Synergistic effect of cold gas plasma and experimental drug exposure exhibits skin cancer toxicity in vitro and in vivo

Journal of Advanced Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2023

Skin cancer is often fatal, which motivates new therapy avenues. Recent advances in treatment are indicative of the importance combination treatments oncology. Previous studies have identified small molecule-based therapies and redox-based technologies, including photodynamic or medical gas plasma, as promising candidates to target skin cancer. We aimed identify effective combinations experimental molecules with cold plasma for dermato-oncology. Promising drug were after screening an in-house 155-compound library using 3D spheroids high content imaging. Combination effects selected drugs investigated respect oxidative stress, invasion, viability. Drugs that had combined well further vascularized tumor organoids ovo a xenograft mouse melanoma model vivo. The two chromone derivatives Sm837 IS112 enhanced plasma-induced histone 2A.X phosphorylation, reduced proliferation cell grown confirmed principal anti-cancer effect drugs. While one compounds exerted severe toxicity vivo, other (Sm837) resulted significant synergistic anti-tumor at good tolerability. Principal component analysis protein phosphorylation profiles profound contrast monotherapies. novel compound that, topical represents approach

Язык: Английский

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Phytochemical-based nanodrugs going beyond the state-of-the-art in cancer management—Targeting cancer stem cells in the framework of predictive, preventive, personalized medicine

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Март 23, 2023

Cancer causes many deaths worldwide each year, especially due to tumor heterogeneity leading disease progression and treatment failure. Targeted of heterogeneous population cells - cancer stem is still an issue in protecting affected individuals against associated multidrug resistance progression. Nanotherapeutic agents have the potential go beyond state-of-the-art approaches overall management. Specially assembled nanoparticles act as carriers for targeted drug delivery. Several nanodrugs already been approved by US Food Drug Administration (FDA) treating different types. Phytochemicals isolated from plants demonstrate considerable nanomedical applications oncology thanks their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-proliferative, other health benefits. Phytochemical-based NPs can enhance anticancer therapeutic effects, improve cellular uptake agents, mitigate side effects toxic treatments. Per evidence, phytochemical-based specifically target CSCs decreasing risks relapse metastatic manifestation. Therefore, this review focuses on current outlook targeting research studies consideration framework predictive, preventive, personalized medicine (3PM).

Язык: Английский

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Cell plasticity modulation by flavonoids in resistant breast carcinoma targeting the nuclear factor kappa B signaling

Cancer and Metastasis Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 43(1), С. 87 - 113

Опубликована: Окт. 4, 2023

Abstract Cancer cell plasticity plays a crucial role in tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis is implicated the multiple cancer defense mechanisms associated with therapy resistance evasion. represents one of significant obstacles clinical management cancer. Some reversal chemosensitizing agents have been developed to resolve this serious problem, but they not yet proven applicable oncological practice. Activated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) frequently observed biomarker chemoresistant breast (BC). Therefore, it denotes an attractive cellular target mitigate resistance. We summarize that flavonoids represent essential class phytochemicals act as regulators NF-κB signaling negatively affect fundamental processes contributing acquired drug In regard, flavokawain A, icariin, alpinetin, genistein, wogonin, apigenin, oroxylin xanthohumol, EGCG, hesperidin, naringenin, orientin, luteolin, delphinidin, fisetin, norwogonin, curcumin, cardamonin, methyl gallate catechin-3-O-gallate, ampelopsin, puerarin, hyperoside, baicalein, paratocarpin E, kaempferol also synthetic such LFG-500 5,3′-dihydroxy-3,6,7,8,4′-pentamethoxyflavone reported specifically interfere pathway complex consequences BC cells could be potentially re-sensitizing unresponsive cases. The targeting by above-mentioned includes modification microenvironment epithelial-mesenchymal transition, growth receptor regulations, modulations specific pathways PI3K/AKT, MAP kinase/ERK, Janus kinase/signal transduction cells. Besides that, modulated has involved regulation ATP-binding cassette transporters, apoptosis, autophagy, cycle, changes activity stem cells, oncogenes, or controlling gene repair. evaluation conventional therapies combination plasticity-regulating/sensitizing offers new opportunities make progress towards complete cure for Graphical abstract

Язык: Английский

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Salvia officinalis L. exerts oncostatic effects in rodent and in vitro models of breast carcinoma

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2024

Introduction: Based on extensive data from oncology research, the use of phytochemicals or plant-based nutraceuticals is considered an innovative tool for cancer management. This research aimed to analyze oncostatic properties Salvia officinalis L. [Lamiaceae; Salviae herba] using animal and in vitro models breast carcinoma (BC). Methods: The effects dietary administered S. two concentrations (0.1%/SAL 0.1/and 1%/SAL 1/) were assessed both syngeneic 4T1 mouse chemically induced rat BC. histopathological molecular evaluations rodent specimens performed after autopsy. Besides, numerous analyses human cell lines performed. Results Conclusion: dominant metabolites found propylene glycol extract (SPGE) representatives phenolics, specifically rosmarinic, protocatechuic, salicylic acids. Furthermore, occurrence triterpenoids ursolic oleanolic acid was proved SPGE. In a model, non-significant tumor volume decrease treatment associated with significant reduction mitotic activity index tumors by 37.5% (SAL 0.1) 31.5% 1) vs. controls (set as blank group not applied salvia diet). addition, at higher doses significantly decreased necrosis/whole area ratio 46% when compared control samples. chemoprevention study, dose lengthened latency 8.5 days improved high/low-grade carcinomas doses. Analyses mechanisms anticancer activities S . included well-validated prognostic, predictive, diagnostic biomarkers that are practice preclinical investigation. Our assessment vivo revealed changes comparison treated untreated cells. this regard, we overexpression caspase-3, increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, MDA, ALDH1, EpCam expression. reduced TGF-β serum levels rats (decrease IL-6 TNF-α borderline significance). Evaluation epigenetic modifications decline lysine methylations H3K4m3 increase acetylation H4K16ac groups. relative oncogenic miR21 tumor-suppressive miR145 (miR210, miR22, miR34a, miR155 altered). methylation ATM PTEN promoters ( PITX2, RASSF1 , TIMP3 Analyzing plasma metabolomics profile tumor-bearing rats, ketoacids derived BCAAs treatment. anti-cancer SPGE MCF‐7 MDA-MB-231 (cytotoxicity, caspase‐3/-7, Bcl‐2, Annexin V/PI, cycle, BrdU, mitochondrial membrane potential). study demonstrates chemopreventive haulm BC models.

Язык: Английский

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