Characteristics and situational aspects of seafood fraud: a comparative crime script analysis

Crime Law and Social Change, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 82(2), С. 433 - 462

Опубликована: Март 26, 2024

Abstract Seafood fraud is a global concern. High-value products with diversity of species, production methods and fishery origins provide business environment that both conducive to criminality financially lucrative. However, there scarce empirical evidence on the nature seafood fraud. This study aims increase understanding deceptive practices in industry, crime commission process identify possible intervention points. Ten case studies had resulted successful prosecutions were analysed using performed scripts understand actors, resources, processes, techniques, conditions payment, sale distribution illicit through legitimate supply chains. The for each created open-source intelligence, including media sources, publicly available court filings company records. Similar other white-collar offences, opportunity was facilitated by leveraging existing relationships industry reputation enable conceal fraudulent practices. In all cases, perpetrated senior management, undermining internal control mechanisms. Other enablers included availability pricing substitute products, lack end-to-end traceability inability chain consumers, detect Also notable extent employee involvement, so this paper considers impediments external disclosure, particularly migrant workers. enriches food literature script analysis preparation, execution, structures By emphasising activities specific markets, rather than solely focusing perpetrators, it offers more comprehensive approach environmental situational influences. These insights, current literature, are vital shaping effective strategies.

Язык: Английский

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A low-density yet stable population of Indochinese tigers (Panthera tigris corbetti) may be the key to recovery in a half-empty landscape in eastern Thailand

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 304, С. 111043 - 111043

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Integrating criminology, criminal justice, and crime science in conservation science and practice

Conservation Biology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 39(2)

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025

Abstract It has been argued that the integration of social sciences is crucial in understanding human dimensions conservation. Because conservation can include violation law and policies, criminology, criminal justice, crime science may prove useful for broader community by providing insight into factors influence behavior, how justice system functions, occurs be prevented. Fortunately, criminologists, scholars, scientists are increasingly conducting conceptual empirical research on conservation‐related topics. We devised a theory change demonstrates these fields integrated along with other sciences, enabling conditions foster practice.

Язык: Английский

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Importance of deepening integration of crime and conservation sciences

Conservation Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 36(1)

Опубликована: Фев. 18, 2021

Abstract Conservation crime is a globally distributed societal problem. science, an emerging interdisciplinary field, has the potential to help address this However, its utility depends on serious reflection transposition of science approaches conservation contexts, which may differ in meaningful ways from traditional contexts. We considered breadth being used as well depth integration conservation. case sea cucumber ( Holothuria floridana , Isostichopus badionotus ) trafficking Mexico example why interdisciplinarity and sciences should be deepened how can ideate new solutions. first conducted review literature capture range applications. identified 6 applied contexts illegal, unreported, unregulated fishing; wildlife plant crime; illegal logging. then compared knowledge base fishing Mexico. 5 challenges application these contexts: relative diffusion harms victims crimes; scalar mismatches crime, authority, issue itself; interactions between legal networks; communities their authority define control role natural rule law. Considering factors enhance sciences. Nurturing will expand innovation accelerate successful risk management programs other policy agendas.

Язык: Английский

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Potential for informal guardianship in community-based wildlife crime prevention: Insights from Vietnam

Nature Conservation, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 48, С. 123 - 147

Опубликована: Май 19, 2022

The notion that indigenous people and local communities can effectively prevent conservation crime rests upon the assumption they are informal guardians of natural resources. Although guardianship is a concept typically applied to “traditional” crimes, urban contexts, global North, it has great potential be combined with formal (such as ranger patrols) better protect wildlife, incentivize community participation in conservation, address limitations enforcement South. Proactive prevention especially important for illegal snare hunting, practice led pernicious defaunation which proved difficult control due its broad scope. This paper uses interview data members protected areas Viet Nam where hunting commonplace 1) analyze conditions study locations; 2) explore how become more effective guardians; 3) examine mechanisms linked maximize deterrence limit displacement snaring. Results indicate exist but respondent willingness intervene depends location, offender activity, type (outsider versus member). While respondents generated numerous strategies wildlife prevention, also listed mechanism offenders used avoid detection. We discuss integrated into an overall model situational community-led

Язык: Английский

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Old World Vultures Reflect Effects of Environmental Pollutants Through Human Encroachment

Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 41(7), С. 1586 - 1603

Опубликована: Июнь 8, 2022

Abstract African wildlife face challenges from many stressors including current and emerging contaminants, habitat resource loss, poaching, intentional unintentional poisoning, climate‐related environmental change. The plight of vultures exemplifies these due to contaminants other acting on individuals populations that are already threatened or endangered. Many threats emanate increasing human population size settlement density, loss changing land use for agriculture, residential areas, industry, changes in availability. Environmental chemicals hazardous include legacy chemicals, concern, high‐volume‐use employed as weed killers agricultural applications. Furthermore, there differences risk species living close proximity humans areas affected by climate, industry. Monitoring programs essential track the status nesting pairs, offspring survival, longevity, lifetime productivity. This is important long‐lived birds, such vultures, may be especially vulnerable chronic exposure obligate scavengers. their position food web increase biomagnification chemicals. We review primary chemical hazards Old World interacting affecting birds. Habitat a major consideration with tree‐nesters cliff‐nesters potentially experiencing different risks present provides information long‐term monitoring discusses range effects vulture populations. Environ Toxicol Chem 2022;41:1586–1603. © 2022 SETAC

Язык: Английский

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Camera-trapping reveals new insights in the ecology of three sympatric muntjacs in an overhunted biodiversity hotspot

Mammalian Biology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 102(2), С. 489 - 500

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2022

Abstract The Annamites ecoregion harbors exceptional levels of species richness and endemism, but intensive snaring has decimated populations terrestrial mammals. Ungulates, such as muntjacs, are susceptible to snaring, in need effective conservation action. At least three muntjacs occur sympatrically the region: Annamite dark muntjac complex Muntiacus rooseveltorum/truongsonensis , northern red vaginalis large-antlered vuquangensis . We conducted a landscape-scale systematic camera-trapping survey Nakai-Nam Theun National Park gather information on ecology distribution these muntjacs. analyzed camera-trap records within an occupancy framework evaluate responses environmental anthropogenic variables, predict distributions across protected area. found varying covariates, indicating drivers occurrence, though all had higher occupancies more inaccessible areas. Mean (95%) PAO area was for (0.33 [0.22–0.49]), followed by (0.28 [0.18–0.39]), then (0.27 [0.15–0.42]). Large-antlered were widespread, while restricted single high elevation Overall, our results provide new insights into ecology, distribution, population status, we discuss how this can be used inform efforts. Given that Critically Endangered muntjac, argue may vital long-term survival species.

Язык: Английский

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Protected Area Rangers as Cultural Brokers? Implications for Wildlife Crime Prevention in Viet Nam

Frontiers in Conservation Science, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 2

Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2021

The scope, scale, and socio-environmental impacts of wildlife crime pose diverse risks to people, animals, environments. With direct knowledge the persistence dynamics crime, protected area rangers can be both an essential source information on, front-line authority for, preventing crime. Beyond patrol scene data collected by rangers, solutions could better built off situational awareness in particular rangers' relationships with local communities their unique ability engage them. Rangers are often embedded surrounding conserved areas which they charged protecting, presents challenges opportunities for work on prevention. Cultural brokerage refers process intermediaries, like facilitate interactions between other relevant stakeholders that separate yet proximate one another, or lack access to, trust in, another. brokers function as gatekeepers, representatives, liaisons, coordinators, iterant brokers; these forms vary how flows closely aligned broker is stakeholders. objectives this paper use example Viet Nam (a) characterize cultural resources, information, (b) discuss ranger-identified obstacles prevention brokered knowledge. Using in-depth face-to-face interviews staff ( N = 31, 71% rangers) Pu Mat National Park, 2018, we found regularly shift brokerage. We offer a typology then protection These results have implications designing interventions address improve community-ranger increase efficiency

Язык: Английский

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Situational crime analysis of poaching within Territorial Use Rights Fisheries (TURFs)

Frontiers in Marine Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11

Опубликована: Авг. 6, 2024

Introduction Illegal, unreported, and unregulated (IUU) fishing poses a significant threat to marine resource management globally. Environmental criminology plays vital role in understanding mitigating IUU activities by focusing on the contextual elements surrounding these crimes. This study examines dynamics of poaching within areas managed through Territorial User Rights for Fisheries (TURFs), with specific emphasis loco ( Concholepas concholepas ) fishery Chile. Methods Employing Crime Script Analysis (CSA) as primary methodological lens, this research meticulously deconstructs criminal process involved TURFs operations. CSA is used identify key elements, providing comprehensive poachers modus operandi . Additionally, integrating Situational Precipitators (SPC), identifies critical factors such environmental conditions, socio-economic disparities, enforcement weaknesses that shape opportunities TURFs. Results The analysis reveals complex interplay between SPC factors, underscoring their shaping dynamics. Key findings highlight importance facilitating activities. various tactics strategies employed roles different actors process. Discussion Building upon findings, proposes Prevention (SCP) framework aimed at effectively combating poaching. emphasizes striking careful balance restrictive inclusive measures mitigate potential negative consequences. contributes valuable insights into addressing fishing, particularly

Язык: Английский

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Tracking snares to mitigate the threat to wildlife: Quantification of hunting methods along the fringes of Valmiki Tiger Reserve, India

Biological Conservation, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 284, С. 110196 - 110196

Опубликована: Июль 24, 2023

Язык: Английский

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