Laboratory biomarkers for multiple sclerosis and their role in clinical practice DOI Creative Commons
Ieva Navickaitė, Gintarė Žemgulytė, Renata Balnytė

и другие.

Neurologijos seminarai, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 27(95), С. 34 - 40

Опубликована: Ноя. 8, 2023

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system (CNS) most commonly diagnosed in young adults. In recent decades, new treatments have emerged that radically changed prognosis and quality life these patients. However, this has also raised challenges predicting course activity before development neurological deficits aggravate disability prescribing appropriate disease-modifying therapy for individual patient timely manner. One possible solutions could help answer questions use laboratory biomarkers MS. addition to oligoclonal bands (OGB) immunoglobulin G index, which are already well known clinically useful tests, other been discovered can assess inflammatory neurodegenerative processes occurring CNS. Kappa free light chains K-index identified as potential diagnostic MS, with similar sensitivity specificity OGB. Some shown ability differentiate isolated syndrome from MS identify clinical The concentration chitinase-3-like protein cerebrospinal fluid currently only biomarker distinguish syndrome. Levels glial fibrillary acidic blood serum primary progressive relapsing-remitting disease. Serum neurofilament chain levels considered monitoring treatment efficiency. This article discusses promising diagnosis, activity, response.

Язык: Английский

A comparison of natalizumab and ocrelizumab on disease progression in multiple sclerosis DOI Creative Commons
Pietro Iaffaldano,

Giuseppe Lucisano,

Tommaso Guerra

и другие.

Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(8), С. 2008 - 2015

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2024

No direct comparisons of the effect natalizumab and ocrelizumab on progression independent relapse activity (PIRA) relapse-associated worsening (RAW) events are currently available. We aimed to compare risk achieving first 6 months confirmed PIRA RAW irreversible Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) 4.0 6.0 in a cohort naïve patients treated with or from Italian Multiple Sclerosis Register.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

7
Intruders or protectors – the multifaceted role of B cells in CNS disorders DOI Creative Commons

James W. Aspden,

Matthew A. Murphy,

Rommi D. Kashlan

и другие.

Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 17

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2024

B lymphocytes are immune cells studied predominantly in the context of peripheral humoral responses against pathogens. Evidence has been accumulating recent years on diversity immunomodulatory functions that undertake, with particular relevance for pathologies central nervous system (CNS). This review summarizes current knowledge cell populations, localization, infiltration mechanisms, and function CNS associated tissues. Acute chronic neurodegenerative examined order to explore complex, sometimes conflicting, effects can have each context, implications disease progression treatment outcomes. Additional factors such as aging modulate proportions subpopulations over time also discussed neuroinflammatory response susceptibility. A better understanding multifactorial role populations may ultimately lead innovative therapeutic strategies a variety neurological conditions.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

5
Long-Term Evaluation of Effectiveness and Immunological Implications of Ocrelizumab in a Real-World Cohort DOI Creative Commons
Tommaso Guerra, Francesca Caputo,

Antonella Bianco

и другие.

Drugs - Real World Outcomes, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 14, 2025

Extended follow-up data from real-world cohorts of patients with multiple sclerosis treated ocrelizumab (OCR) are becoming widely available. This monocentric retrospective study aimed to evaluate the long-term effectiveness OCR and its impact on immunoglobulin (Ig) levels, lymphocyte subsets, infections in a cohort relapsing remitting, primary progressive, secondary progressive sclerosis. Patients followed at Multiple Sclerosis Center Bari ≥ 2 years treatment were retrospectively recruited 2024. Twelve-month confirmed disability worsening, improvement, annualized relapse rate before after start estimated magnetic resonance imaging scans collected. Changes IgG/IgM/IgA levels baseline for up 6 serum T CD4+, CD8+, natural killer lymphocytes assessed. Infection occurrence, type, outcomes investigated. Multivariable Cox models examined association clinical radiological factors risk worsening relationship clinical-laboratoristic factors. The final retrieved 140 (80 37 23 progressive) median (interquartile range) 4.62 (4.10–5.04) years. In entire cohort, mean decreased 0.61 year 0.02 second year, thereafter all our remained free relapses activity. overall percentage stable increased fourth parallel reduction worsening. A multifocal onset presence least two significant (p < 0.05) During follow-up, IgG level was observed, which further decreased, third year. Immunoglobulin M slightly over time, whereas IgA stable. No changes cell absolute number, slight CD8+ during observed. Ocrelizumab did not determine infection long term no observed Ig severe infections. prevented disease activity effect immune system most patients.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Ocrelizumab as first-line therapy in highly active relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis DOI

Tamar Kvartskhava,

D. Freudenstein,

Nicolas Sarmiento

и другие.

Journal of the Neurological Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 123577 - 123577

Опубликована: Июнь 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0
Ocrelizumab in Patients with Active Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis: Clinical Outcomes and Immune Markers of Treatment Response DOI Creative Commons
Marina Boziki, Christos Bakirtzis, Styliani-Aggeliki Sintila

и другие.

Cells, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 11(12), С. 1959 - 1959

Опубликована: Июнь 17, 2022

Ocrelizumab is a B-cell-depleting monoclonal antibody approved for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) and active primary progressive MS (aPPMS). This prospective, uncontrolled, open-label, observational study aimed to assess efficacy ocrelizumab in patients with aPPMS dissect clinical, radiological laboratory attributes response. In total, 22 followed 24 months were included. The outcome was proportion optimal response at months, defined as free relapses, confirmed disability accumulation (CDA) T1 Gd-enhancing lesions new/enlarging T2 on brain cervical MRI. 14 (63.6%) 13 (59.1%) classified responders 12 respectively. Time exhibited significant effect mean absolute normalized gray matter cerebellar volume (F = 4.342, p 0.23 F 4.279, 0.024, respectively). Responders reduced peripheral blood ((%) CD19+ cells) plasmablasts compared non-responders 6-month point estimate (7.69 ± 4.4 vs. 22.66 7.19, respectively, 0.043). Response linked lower total loss over time. Reduced plasmablast depletion first time sub-optimal aPPMS.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

10
Fatigue and health-related quality of life depend on the disability status and clinical course in RRMS DOI Creative Commons
Henrik Ahvenjärvi, Marja Niiranen, Sakari Simula

и другие.

Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 77, С. 104861 - 104861

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2023

Background: Fatigue is a prominent and disabling symptom of multiple sclerosis (MS), impairing quality life. The disease course relapsing remitting MS (RRMS) individual.ObjectivesWe aimed to study the effects demographic clinical characteristics, as well lifestyle risk factors on experienced fatigue health-related life (HRQoL) among RRMS patients, comparing benign severe types.MethodsAltogether 198 Finnish patients were recruited for this real-life cross-sectional study. Self-reported questionnaires used evaluate by using Scale Motor Cognitive Functions 15D questionnaires. Patients categorized into subgroups based current disability status measured Expanded Disability Status (EDSS) cut-off value 4.5, retrospective divided aggressive RRMS.ResultsAll in all, 73% suffered from fatigue. Lower HRQoL had strong correlation with more (r = -0.719). Higher EDSS was associated lower whole cohort. Older age at onset decreased groups > 4.5. In ≤ 4.5 RRMS, higher number disease-modifying treatments (DMTs) pronounced reduced HRQoL. addition, BMI RRMS. Side (45 %) lack efficacy (26 most common reasons discontinuing DMT. Cessation due side only reason that significantly Use nicotine products, gender, or duration not HRQoL.ConclusionsIndividuals scores are prone experience commonly observed older those DMT switches.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

4
Rehabilitation Outcomes in Multiple Sclerosis Patients on Ocrelizumab Diagnosed With West Nile Virus Encephalitis DOI Open Access

Taylor R. Johnson,

Stephanie Gandelman,

L Serafin

и другие.

Cureus, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 27, 2024

Multiple sclerosis (MS) has a global prevalence exceeding two million people and is leading cause of non-traumatic physical disability. MS can be treated with ocrelizumab, an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody. West Nile virus (WNV) the most common mosquito-borne viral encephalitis in North America. It lead to neuroinvasive WNV disease (WNND) affecting brain peripheral nervous system, especially immunocompromised patients, such as those being ocrelizumab for MS. WNND exceedingly rare reported less than 1% cases WNV. been established that inpatient rehabilitation improves functional outcomes patients WNND. However, diagnosed both have not reported. In this study, we aimed examine on We performed retrospective chart review who were admitted single facility. Rehabilitation assessed using independence measure (FIM) scores admission discharge. Three met inclusion criteria; acute rehab, one long-term care hospital (LTACH). Both showed improvement FIM from discharge, patient 9 16 other 14 54. LTACH had no score Patients rehab ultimately discharged home, while required discharge subacute Based our findings, intense prolonged comprehensive associated improved increased likelihood home population suffering central system involvement due

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Understanding the Cross-Talk between the Ceramide Biosynthetic Pathway and Mitochondrial Function in Multiple Sclerosis and Demyelinating Disorders DOI Open Access

Amarjeet Amarjeet,

R. Ramesh Babu, Abhipsa Mohapatra

и другие.

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 2023, С. 1 - 17

Опубликована: Окт. 12, 2023

Myelin is a spiral compilation of uniformly thick membranes around the axon in an alternating fashion, and it formed by complicated process known as myelination. sheaths are responsible for various physiological functions such metabolism, rapid nerve conduction, maintaining ionic water homeostasis brain. Lipid one major components myelin, which includes cholesterol, ceramide, their derivatives, galactosylceramide, sulfatide, gangliosides. Ceramide its derivatives synthesised ceramide biosynthetic pathways de novo, salvage, sphingomyelinase, recycling exogenous ceramide. At appropriate level, facilitates development nervous system, cell proliferation, autophagy, apoptosis, normal functioning, but when level altered from normal, results mitochondrial dysfunction or death through autophagy apoptosis. The increases, especially mitochondria. increases response to oxidative stress mediated inflammatory cytokines. Due dysfunction, energy-deficient condition created because disruption electron transport chain, neurons glial cells, subsequently cause demyelination degeneration axon. Losing myelin while axons remain relatively intact characteristic feature demyelinating diseases. primary element disorder damage, malfunction, failure, These disturbances may occur due direct indirect interaction with There several risk factors demyelination, viruses, bacteria, fungi, trauma, obesity, vitamin D deficiency, genetic environmental factors. Thus, review mainly aimed towards between mitochondria during demyelination.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

3
Role of Bruton's Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) in the Treatment of Cognitive Impairment in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis DOI Open Access
Elnaz Asadollahzadeh, Zahra Ebadi, Nasim Rezaeimanesh

и другие.

Опубликована: Июль 14, 2023

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a persistent inflammatory disease affecting the central nervous system. Bruton&#039;s tyrosine kinase (BTK) an enzyme crucial in communication process of B cells, which have significant impact on development MS. Recently, BTK inhibitors emerged as promising treatment strategy for MS due to their ability modulate immune In this study, extensive literature search was performed utilizing multiple databases, such PubMed, Embase, and Scopus examine potential use managing cognitive disorders experienced by individuals with We found that targeting microglia offer advantages neurodegeneration associated impairments patients slowing down degeneration processes effectively. Their microglial function penetrate CNS positions them candidates improving function. This study suggests provide new possibilities neurodegenerative phases through effects activation pathways. Further research clinical trials are necessary fully explore efficacy treating while addressing barriers related impairment.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1
Altered Cerebrospinal Fluid Neurofilament Light Chain but Not Neurogranin Levels Are Associated with Response to Ocrelizumab Treatment in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A Preliminary Study DOI
Tuğçe Kızılay, Ece Akbayır,

Ruziye Erol

и другие.

European Neurology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 87(4), С. 203 - 210

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Ocrelizumab is a CD20-targeting monoclonal antibody used for treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neurofilament light (NFL) chain levels are reduced in MS patients under ocrelizumab indicating preventive action against neuro-axonal degeneration. Our aim, this preliminary study, was to explore the impact on synaptic integrity through assessment neurogranin levels.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

0