The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP): A Quantitative Nosology Based on Consensus of Evidence

Annual Review of Clinical Psychology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 17(1), С. 83 - 108

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2021

Traditional diagnostic systems went beyond empirical evidence on the structure of mental health. Consequently, these diagnoses do not depict psychopathology accurately, and their validity in research utility clinicalpractice are therefore limited. The Hierarchical Taxonomy Psychopathology (HiTOP) consortium proposed a model based structural evidence. It addresses problems heterogeneity, comorbidity, unreliability. We review HiTOP model, supporting evidence, conceptualization this hierarchical dimensional framework. system is yet comprehensive, we describe processes for improving expanding it. summarize data ability to predict explain etiology (genetic, environmental, neurobiological), risk factors, outcomes, treatment response. progress development HiTOP-based measures clinical implementation system. Finally, outstanding challenges agenda. practical already, its ongoing will produce transformative map psychopathology.

Язык: Английский

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Linking RDoC and HiTOP: A new interface for advancing psychiatric nosology and neuroscience

Clinical Psychology Review, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 86, С. 102025 - 102025

Опубликована: Март 24, 2021

Язык: Английский

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The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) in psychiatric practice and research

Psychological Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 52(9), С. 1666 - 1678

Опубликована: Июнь 2, 2022

Abstract The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) has emerged out the quantitative approach to psychiatric nosology. This identifies psychopathology constructs based on patterns co-variation among signs and symptoms. initial HiTOP model, which was published in 2017, is a large literature that spans decades research. living model undergoes revision as new data become available. Here we discuss advantages practical considerations using this system practice We especially highlight limitations ongoing efforts address them. describe differences similarities between existing diagnostic systems. Next, review types evidence informed development HiTOP, including populations it been studied its validity. paper also describes how can facilitate research genetic environmental causes well search for neurobiologic mechanisms novel treatments. Furthermore, consider implications public health programs prevention mental disorders. clinical utility illustrate application HiTOP. Importantly, measures practices are already used widely settings. offers way organize formalize these techniques. contribute progress psychiatry complement traditional nosologies. Moreover, seeks linkages phenotypes biological processes, may enable construction encompasses both biomarkers precise description.

Язык: Английский

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The nature and neurobiology of fear and anxiety: State of the science and opportunities for accelerating discovery

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 151, С. 105237 - 105237

Опубликована: Май 18, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Understanding anxiety symptoms as aberrant defensive responding along the threat imminence continuum

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 152, С. 105305 - 105305

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Redefining phenotypes to advance psychiatric genetics: Implications from hierarchical taxonomy of psychopathology.

Journal of Abnormal Psychology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 129(2), С. 143 - 161

Опубликована: Дек. 5, 2019

Genetic discovery in psychiatry and clinical psychology is hindered by suboptimal phenotypic definitions. We argue that the hierarchical, dimensional, data-driven classification system proposed Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) consortium provides a more effective approach to identifying genes underlie mental disorders, studying psychiatric etiology, than current diagnostic categories. Specifically, are expected operate at different levels HiTOP hierarchy, with some highly pleiotropic influencing higher order psychopathology (e.g., general factor), whereas other conferring specific risk for individual spectra internalizing), subfactors fear disorders), or narrow symptoms mood instability). propose model aligns well understanding genetic structure has emerged from large body family twin studies. also discuss convergence between findings recent molecular studies indicating broad pleiotropy, such as cross-disorder SNP-based shared covariance polygenic scores, we highlight have successfully redefined phenotypes enhance precision statistical power. Finally, suggest how integrate into future research, including quantitative hierarchical assessment tools data-collection recommendations concerning analyses. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

Язык: Английский

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The developing amygdala: a student of the world and a teacher of the cortex

Current Opinion in Psychology, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 17, С. 55 - 60

Опубликована: Июнь 23, 2017

Язык: Английский

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Better Safe Than Sorry: A Common Signature of General Vulnerability for Psychopathology

Perspectives on Psychological Science, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 16(2), С. 225 - 246

Опубликована: Окт. 2, 2020

Several labels, such as neuroticism, negative emotionality, and dispositional negativity, indicate a broad dimension of psychopathology. However, largely separate, often disorder-specific research lines have developed that focus on different cognitive affective characteristics are associated with this dimension, perseverative cognition (worry, rumination), reduced autobiographical memory specificity, compromised fear learning, enhanced somatic-symptom reporting. In article, we present theoretical perspective within predictive-processing framework in which trace these phenotypically back to common underlying “better-safe-than-sorry” processing strategy. This implies information tends be low sensory-perceptual detail, allows threat-related categorical priors dominate conscious experience for chronic uncertainty/surprise because stagnated error-reduction process. information-processing strategy has beneficial effects the short term but important costs long term. From perspective, suggest phenomenally distinct psychopathological mentioned above represent same basic heuristic brain only relation particular type involved (e.g., working memory, external internal world). Clinical implications view discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Anxiety and the Neurobiology of Temporally Uncertain Threat Anticipation

Journal of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2020, Номер 40(41), С. 7949 - 7964

Опубликована: Сен. 21, 2020

When extreme, anxiety—a state of distress and arousal prototypically evoked by uncertain danger—can be debilitating. Uncertain anticipation is a shared feature situations that elicit signs symptoms anxiety across psychiatric disorders, species, assays. Despite the profound significance for human health wellbeing, neurobiology uncertain-threat remains unsettled. Leveraging paradigm adapted from animal research optimized fMRI signal decomposition, we examined neural circuits engaged during temporally certain threat in 99 men women. Results revealed systems recruited are anatomically colocalized frontocortical regions, extended amygdala, periaqueductal gray. Comparison conditions demonstrated this circuitry can fractionated, with regions showing relatively stronger engagement threat, amygdala reverse pattern. Although there widespread agreement bed nucleus stria terminalis dorsal amygdala—the two major subdivisions amygdala—play critical role orchestrating adaptive responses to potential danger, their precise contributions have remained contentious. Follow-up analyses these show statistically indistinguishable anticipation. These observations provide framework conceptualizing fear, understanding functional neuroanatomy humans, accelerating development more effective intervention strategies pathological anxiety. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Anxiety—an emotion associated harm—has public health, yet underlying unclear. novel neuroimaging large sample, identify core circuit responsive both anticipation, fractionated into bias one kind or other. The occupies center stage neuropsychiatric models anxiety, but its architecture has Here demonstrate threat. Collectively, indicate need revise how think about fear.

Язык: Английский

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Measuring maladaptive avoidance: from animal models to clinical anxiety

Neuropsychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 47(5), С. 978 - 986

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2022

Abstract Avoiding stimuli that predict danger is required for survival. However, avoidance can become maladaptive in individuals who overestimate threat and thus avoid safe situations as well dangerous ones. Excessive a core feature of anxiety disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive-compulsive (OCD). This prevents patients from confronting beliefs, thereby maintaining disordered anxiety. Avoidance associated with high levels psychosocial impairment yet poorly understood at mechanistic level. Many objective laboratory assessments measure adaptive avoidance, which an individual learns to successfully truly noxious stimulus. disorders are characterized by there fewer measures. We posit behavior depends on combination three altered neurobehavioral processes: (1) appraisal, (2) habitual (3) trait tendency. heterogeneity underlying processes presents challenges the measurement behavior. Here we first review existing paradigms measuring its neural mechanisms both human animal models, identify how relate these processes. then propose new framework improve translational understanding adapting better differentiate applying clinical populations across diagnoses goal developing novel interventions engage specific identified targets.

Язык: Английский

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