Annals of Medicine,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
55(2)
Опубликована: Дек. 8, 2023
Platelet-rich
plasma
(PRP)
has
been
widely
used
in
clinical
practice.
The
mechanism
by
which
PRP
promotes
tissue
repair
lies
the
release
of
multiple
growth
factors
upon
platelet
activation,
accelerates
proliferation
and
differentiation
cells
synthesis
extracellular
matrix.
In
recent
years,
as
vesicles
(EVs)
research
increased
intensified,
it
found
that
EVs
also
play
an
important
role
repair.
This
article
provides
a
comprehensive
review
PRP-derived
(PRP-EVs)
It
discusses
biological
characteristics,
extraction,
identification,
preservation
PRP-EVs.
reviews
their
applications
orthopedics
wound
highlights
importance
PRP-EVs
modern
medicine
suggests
they
could
be
promising
natural
nanocarrier.
Cells,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
12(10), С. 1416 - 1416
Опубликована: Май 17, 2023
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
such
as
ectosomes
and
exosomes
have
gained
attention
promising
natural
carriers
for
drug
delivery.
Exosomes,
which
range
from
30
to
100
nm
in
diameter,
possess
a
lipid
bilayer
are
secreted
by
various
cells.
Due
their
high
biocompatibility,
stability,
low
immunogenicity,
favored
cargo
carriers.
The
membrane
of
also
offers
protection
against
degradation,
making
them
desirable
candidate
However,
loading
into
remains
be
challenge.
Despite
strategies
incubation,
electroporation,
sonication,
extrusion,
freeze–thaw
cycling,
transfection
that
been
developed
facilitate
loading,
inadequate
efficiency
still
persists.
This
review
an
overview
current
delivery
using
summarizes
recent
approaches
small-molecule,
nucleic
acid,
protein
drugs
exosomes.
With
insights
these
studies,
we
provide
ideas
more
efficient
effective
molecules
Experimental & Molecular Medicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
56(4), С. 836 - 849
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024
Abstract
Exosomes,
which
are
nanosized
vesicles
secreted
by
cells,
attracting
increasing
interest
in
the
field
of
biomedical
research
due
to
their
unique
properties,
including
biocompatibility,
cargo
loading
capacity,
and
deep
tissue
penetration.
They
serve
as
natural
signaling
agents
intercellular
communication,
inherent
ability
carry
proteins,
lipids,
nucleic
acids
endows
them
with
remarkable
therapeutic
potential.
Thus,
exosomes
can
be
exploited
for
diverse
applications,
chemotherapy,
gene
therapy,
photothermal
therapy.
Moreover,
capacity
homotypic
targeting
self-recognition
provides
opportunities
personalized
medicine.
Despite
advantages
novel
agents,
there
several
challenges
optimizing
efficiency
structural
stability
defining
exosome
origins.
Future
should
include
development
large-scale,
quality-controllable
production
methods,
refinement
drug
strategies,
extensive
vivo
studies
clinical
trials.
unresolved
difficulties,
use
efficient,
stable,
safe
delivery
systems
is
an
interesting
area
research.
Therefore,
this
review
describes
summarizes
cutting-edge
published
high-impact
journals
that
have
introduced
or
enhanced
effects
using
a
system
past
2
years.
We
provide
informative
overview
current
state
research,
highlighting
properties
applications
exosomes.
also
emphasize
future
directions,
underscoring
importance
addressing
key
issues
field.
With
review,
we
encourage
researchers
further
develop
exosome-based
drugs
application,
such
may
among
most
promising
next-generation
therapeutics.
Bioactive Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
38, С. 1 - 30
Опубликована: Апрель 23, 2024
Characterized
by
their
pivotal
roles
in
cell-to-cell
communication,
cell
proliferation,
and
immune
regulation
during
tissue
repair,
exosomes
have
emerged
as
a
promising
avenue
for
"cell-free
therapy"
clinical
applications.
Hydrogels,
possessing
commendable
biocompatibility,
degradability,
adjustability,
physical
properties
akin
to
biological
tissues,
also
found
extensive
utility
engineering
regenerative
repair.
The
synergistic
combination
of
hydrogels
holds
the
potential
not
only
enhance
efficiency
but
collaboratively
advance
repair
process.
This
review
has
summarized
advancements
made
over
past
decade
research
hydrogel-exosome
systems
regenerating
various
tissues
including
skin,
bone,
cartilage,
nerves
tendons,
with
focus
on
methods
encapsulating
releasing
within
hydrogels.
It
critically
examined
gaps
limitations
current
research,
whilst
proposed
future
directions
applications
this
innovative
approach.
The
re-tear
rate
of
rotator
cuff
tears
(RCT)
after
surgical
repair
is
high,
especially
in
aged
patients
with
chronic
tears.
Senescent
tendon
stem
cells
(s-TSCs)
generally
exist
and
chronically
torn
tendons
are
closely
associated
impaired
tendon-to-bone
healing
results.
present
study
found
a
positive
feedback
cross-talk
between
s-TSCs
macrophages.
conditioned
medium
(CM)
from
s-STCs
can
promote
macrophage
polarization
mainly
toward
the
M1
phenotype,
whose
CM
reciprocally
accelerated
further
s-TSC
senescence.
Additional
healthy
stem-cells
derived
exosomes
(h-TSC-Exos)
break
this
by
skewing
phenotype
to
M2
attenuating
S-TSC
senescence
acceleration
or
attenuation
effects
induced
macrophages
inhibition
activation
bone
morphogenetic
protein
4
signaling
pathway
following
RNA
sequencing
analysis.
Using
an
aged-chronic
tear
rat
model,
it
that
h-TSC-Exos
shift
microenvironment
interface
pro-inflammatory
anti-inflammatory
type
at
acute
postoperative
stage
improve
results,
which
rejuvenated
s-TSCs.
Therefore,
proposed
potential
strategy
RCT.
Nanomaterials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(7), С. 639 - 639
Опубликована: Апрель 6, 2024
Exosomes
are
spherical
extracellular
nanovesicles
with
an
endosomal
origin
and
unilamellar
lipid-bilayer
structure
sizes
ranging
from
30
to
100
nm.
They
contain
a
large
range
of
proteins,
lipids,
nucleic
acid
species,
depending
on
the
state
vesicle
(EV)-secreting
cell.
EVs’
function
is
encapsulate
part
EV-producing
cell
content,
transport
it
through
biological
fluids
targeted
recipient,
deliver
their
cargos
specifically
within
aimed
recipient
cells.
Therefore,
exosomes
considered
be
potential
drug-delivery
systems
that
can
stably
cargo
into
Various
cell-derived
produced
for
medical
issues,
but
use
therapeutic
purposes
still
faces
several
problems.
Some
these
difficulties
avoided
by
resorting
hemisynthetic
approaches.
We
highlight
here
uses
alternative
exosome-mimes
involving
cell-membrane
coatings
artificial
nanocarriers
or
hybridization
between
liposomes.
also
detail
drug-loading
strategies
deployed
make
them
drug-carrier
summarize
ongoing
clinical
trials
exosome-like
structures.
Finally,
we
open
questions
before
considering
disposals
confident
delivery.
International Wound Journal,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
20(9), С. 3871 - 3883
Опубликована: Июнь 8, 2023
Abstract
Tendon
injury
healing
is
a
complex
process
that
involves
the
participation
of
significant
number
molecules
and
cells,
including
growth
factors
in
key
role.
Numerous
studies
have
demonstrated
function
tendon
healing,
recent
emergence
EV
has
also
provided
new
visual
field
for
promoting
healing.
This
review
examines
structure,
growth,
development,
as
well
physiological
its
after
injury.
The
assesses
role
six
substances
healing:
insulin‐like
factor‐I
(IGF‐I),
transforming
factor
β
(TGFβ),
vascular
endothelial
(VEGF),
platelet‐derived
(PDGF),
basic
fibroblast
(bFGF),
EV.
Different
are
active
at
various
stages
exhibit
separate
activities.
IGF‐1
expressed
immediately
stimulates
mitosis
cells
while
suppressing
response
to
inflammation.
VEGF,
which
injury,
accelerates
local
metabolism
by
network
formation
positively
impacts
activities
other
factors.
However,
VEGF's
protracted
action
could
be
harmful
PDGF,
earliest
discovered
cytokine
influence
powerful
cell
chemotaxis
promotes
proliferation,
but
it
can
equally
accelerate
inflammation
relieve
adhesions.
Also
useful
relieving
adhesion
TGF‐
β,
almost
during
entire
phase
As
substance,
addition
cardiovascular
cerebrovascular
vessels,
tumour
chronic
wounds,
reportedly
plays
activating
factors,
inhibiting
inflammatory
Advanced Healthcare Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2024
Tendon
injuries
are
pervasive
orthopedic
encountered
by
the
general
population.
Nonetheless,
recovery
after
severe
injuries,
such
as
Achilles
tendon
injury,
is
limited.
Consequently,
there
a
pressing
need
to
devise
interventions,
including
biomaterials,
that
foster
healing.
Regrettably,
tissue
engineering
treatments
have
faced
obstacles
in
crafting
appropriate
scaffolds
and
efficacious
nanomedical
approaches.
To
surmount
these
hurdles,
an
innovative
injectable
hydrogel
(CP@SiO2),
comprising
puerarin
chitosan
through
situ
self-assembly,
pioneered
while
concurrently
delivering
mesoporous
silica
nanoparticles
for
In
this
research,
CP@SiO2
employed
treatment
of
conducting
extensive
vivo
vitro
experiments
evaluate
its
efficacy.
This
reults
demonstrates
enhances
proliferation
differentiation
tendon-derived
stem
cells,
mitigates
inflammation
modulation
macrophage
polarization.
Furthermore,
using
histological
behavioral
analyses,
it
found
can
improve
biomechanical
properties
injured
tendons.
findings
indicate
multifaceted
constitutes
suitable
bioactive
material
repair
presents
promising
new
strategy
clinical
management
injuries.
Advanced Functional Materials,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
34(38)
Опубликована: Май 2, 2024
Abstract
Tendon
injury
is
a
common
motor
system
disease,
impairing
joint
mobility,
and
lowering
quality
of
life.
Once
damaged,
tendon
has
limited
capacity
for
regeneration.
Clinically,
available
therapeutic
strategies
have
not
achieved
satisfactory
outcomes.
Chiral
biomaterials
can
effectively
regulate
cell
behaviors
tissue
healing,
but
been
applied
to
injured
yet.
Here,
chiral
arginine
attached
electrospun
membrane
fabricate
scaffolds.
L‐chiral
scaffold,
rather
than
D‐chiral
or
R‐chiral
promotes
adhesion,
proliferation,
tenogenic
differentiation.
The
vinculin/FAK/YAP
pathway
discovered
significant
impact
on
the
processes
mentioned
above.
Additionally,
L‐arginine
efficiently
eliminates
reactive
oxygen
species
(ROS)
generates
nitric
oxide
(NO),
safeguarding
stem/progenitor
cells
(TSPCs)
against
oxidative
stress.
use
scaffold
in
rat
model
Achilles
increases
expression
markers
related
tendons
deposition
collagen.
Moreover,
improves
structural,
functional,
mechanical
properties.
This
comprehensively
enhances
providing
promising
strategy
injury.
As
simple
effective
method,
modification
by
molecules
enriches
biomaterial
functions
offers
novel
option
