Cancers,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17(6), С. 940 - 940
Опубликована: Март 10, 2025
Exosomes
have
emerged
as
pivotal
players
in
precision
oncology,
offering
innovative
solutions
to
longstanding
challenges
such
metastasis,
therapeutic
resistance,
and
immune
evasion.
These
nanoscale
extracellular
vesicles
facilitate
intercellular
communication
by
transferring
bioactive
molecules
that
mirror
the
biological
state
of
their
parent
cells,
positioning
them
transformative
tools
for
cancer
diagnostics
therapeutics.
Recent
advancements
exosome
engineering,
artificial
intelligence
(AI)-driven
analytics,
isolation
technologies
are
breaking
barriers
scalability,
reproducibility,
clinical
application.
Bioengineered
exosomes
being
leveraged
CRISPR-Cas9
delivery,
while
AI
models
enhancing
biomarker
discovery
liquid
biopsy
accuracy.
Despite
these
advancements,
key
obstacles
heterogeneity
populations
lack
standardized
protocols
persist.
This
review
synthesizes
pioneering
research
on
biology,
molecular
translation,
emphasizing
dual
roles
both
mediators
tumor
progression
intervention.
It
also
explores
emerging
areas,
including
microbiome–exosome
interactions
integration
machine
learning
exosome-based
medicine.
By
bridging
innovation
with
translational
strategies,
this
work
charts
a
forward-looking
path
integrating
into
next-generation
care,
setting
it
apart
comprehensive
guide
overcoming
technological
hurdles
rapidly
evolving
field.
This
review
highlights
recent
progress
in
exosome-based
drug
delivery
for
cancer
therapy,
covering
exosome
biogenesis,
cargo
selection
mechanisms,
and
their
application
across
multiple
types.
As
small
extracellular
vesicles,
exosomes
exhibit
high
biocompatibility
low
immunogenicity,
making
them
ideal
vehicles
capable
of
efficiently
targeting
cells,
minimizing
off-target
damage
side
effects.
aims
to
explore
the
potential
with
a
focus
on
applications
chemotherapy,
gene
immunomodulation.
Additionally,
challenges
related
production
standardization
are
analyzed,
highlighting
importance
addressing
these
issues
clinical
application.
In
conclusion,
systems
offer
promising
future
therapies.
Further
research
should
aim
enhance
efficiency
facilitate
translation,
paving
way
innovative
treatment
strategies.
Journal of Hematology & Oncology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
18(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025
The
tumor
microenvironment
(TME)
is
integral
to
cancer
progression,
impacting
metastasis
and
treatment
response.
It
consists
of
diverse
cell
types,
extracellular
matrix
components,
signaling
molecules
that
interact
promote
growth
therapeutic
resistance.
Elucidating
the
intricate
interactions
between
cells
TME
crucial
in
understanding
progression
challenges.
A
critical
process
induced
by
epithelial-mesenchymal
transition
(EMT),
wherein
epithelial
acquire
mesenchymal
traits,
which
enhance
their
motility
invasiveness
progression.
By
targeting
various
components
TME,
novel
investigational
strategies
aim
disrupt
TME's
contribution
EMT,
thereby
improving
efficacy,
addressing
resistance,
offering
a
nuanced
approach
therapy.
This
review
scrutinizes
key
players
emphasizing
avenues
therapeutically
components.
Moreover,
article
discusses
implications
for
resistance
mechanisms
highlights
current
toward
modulation
along
with
potential
caveats.
Pharmaceutics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
16(6), С. 709 - 709
Опубликована: Май 24, 2024
Of
all
the
numerous
nanosized
extracellular
vesicles
released
by
a
cell,
endosomal-originated
exosomes
are
increasingly
recognized
as
potential
therapeutics,
owing
to
their
inherent
stability,
low
immunogenicity,
and
targeted
delivery
capabilities.
This
review
critically
evaluates
transformative
of
exosome-based
modalities
across
pharmaceutical
precision
medicine
landscapes.
Because
precise
biomolecular
cargo
delivery,
posited
ideal
candidates
in
drug
enhancing
regenerative
strategies,
advancing
diagnostic
technologies.
Despite
significant
market
growth
projections
exosome
therapy,
its
utilization
is
encumbered
substantial
scientific
regulatory
challenges.
These
include
lack
universally
accepted
protocols
for
isolation
complexities
associated
with
navigating
environment,
particularly
guidelines
set
forth
U.S.
Food
Drug
Administration
(FDA).
presents
comprehensive
overview
current
research
trajectories
aimed
at
addressing
these
impediments
discusses
prospective
advancements
that
could
substantiate
clinical
translation
exosomal
therapies.
By
providing
analysis
both
capabilities
hurdles
therapeutic
applications,
this
article
aims
inform
direct
future
paradigms,
thereby
fostering
integration
systems
into
mainstream
practice.
Cell Death and Disease,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(9)
Опубликована: Сен. 12, 2024
Abstract
Extracellular
vesicles
(EVs)
have
emerged
as
key
players
in
intercellular
communication,
facilitating
the
transfer
of
crucial
cargo
between
cells.
Liquid
biopsy,
particularly
through
isolation
EVs,
has
unveiled
a
rich
source
potential
biomarkers
for
health
and
disease,
encompassing
proteins
nucleic
acids.
A
milestone
this
exploration
occurred
decade
ago
with
identification
extracellular
vesicle-associated
DNA
(EV-DNA)
bloodstream
patient
diagnosed
pancreatic
cancer.
Subsequent
years
witnessed
substantial
advancements,
deepening
our
insights
into
molecular
intricacies
EV-DNA
emission,
detection,
analysis.
Understanding
complexities
surrounding
release
addressing
challenges
inherent
research
are
pivotal
steps
toward
enhancing
liquid
biopsy-based
strategies.
These
strategies,
detection
monitoring
various
pathological
conditions,
cancer,
rely
on
comprehensive
understanding
why
how
is
released.
In
review,
we
aim
to
provide
thorough
summary
decade’s
worth
EV-DNA.
We
will
delve
diverse
mechanisms
its
biomarker,
functional
capabilities,
discordant
findings
field,
hurdles
hindering
clinical
application.
Looking
ahead
next
decade,
envision
that
advancements
EV
techniques,
coupled
improved
standardization
data
sharing,
catalyze
development
novel
strategies
exploiting
both
therapeutic
targets.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
25(13), С. 7371 - 7371
Опубликована: Июль 5, 2024
It
has
been
widely
established
that
the
characterization
of
extracellular
vesicles
(EVs),
particularly
small
EVs
(sEVs),
shed
by
different
cell
types
into
biofluids,
helps
to
identify
biomarkers
and
therapeutic
targets
in
neurological
neurodegenerative
diseases.
Recent
studies
are
also
exploring
efficacy
mesenchymal
stem
cell-derived
naturally
enriched
with
microRNAs
proteins
for
treating
various
In
addition,
released
neural
cells
play
a
crucial
function
modulation
signal
transmission
brain
physiological
conditions.
However,
pathological
conditions,
such
can
facilitate
spread
from
one
region
other.
On
other
hand,
analysis
biofluids
sensitive
diagnosis,
prognosis,
disease
progression.
This
review
discusses
potential
use
several
central
nervous
system
lists
their
differences
similarities
confers
as
biomarkers.
Further
advances
EV
research
coming
years
will
likely
lead
routine
settings.
Abstract
Cancer
immunotherapy
has
revolutionized
oncology,
offering
new
hope
for
patients
with
previously
incurable
cancers.
However,
solid
tumors
remain
a
significant
challenge
due
to
immune
evasion,
therapeutic
resistance,
and
the
immunosuppressive
tumor
microenvironment.
Exosomes,
specialized
subset
of
extracellular
vesicles,
have
emerged
as
promising
tools
in
cancer
therapy
owing
their
unique
role
intercellular
communication
modulation.
These
vesicles
transport
antigens,
major
histocompatibility
complex
(MHC)
molecules,
immune-modulatory
cargo,
positioning
them
potential
platforms
vaccines,
drug
delivery
systems,
combinatorial
therapies.
Advances
engineered
exosomes
improved
bioavailability,
targeting,
stimulation,
showcasing
personalized
medicine.
This
review
highlights
multifaceted
microenvironment,
mechanisms
action
therapy.
Additionally,
we
discuss
emerging
strategies
overcome
clinical
technical
hurdles,
paving
way
novel
effective
treatments.
