IntechOpen eBooks,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 4, 2024
Metabolic
syndrome,
a
cluster
of
conditions
including
increased
blood
pressure,
high
sugar,
excess
body
fat
around
the
waist,
and
abnormal
cholesterol
levels,
significantly
heightens
risk
cardiovascular
disease,
diabetes,
obesity,
fatty
liver
disease.
With
adoption
Western-style
diet
characterized
by
intake
corn
saturated
fats,
ultra-processed
foods,
these
metabolic
disorders
have
reached
pandemic
proportions
globally.
This
chapter
addresses
rising
rates
obesity
MASLD,
stressing
critical
impact
dietary
habits
on
issues.
It
highlights
how
healthy
can
mitigate
risks,
pointing
out
detrimental
effects
poor
nutrition.
The
text
examines
complex
relationship
between
diet,
adiposity,
health,
analyzing
role
macronutrient
composition,
calorie
intake,
processed
foods
in
dysregulation.
proposes
comprehensive
nutritional
strategies
public
health
policies,
an
inverted
food
pyramid,
to
tackle
MASLD
effectively,
advocating
for
holistic
approach
changes.
Military Medical Research,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
11(1)
Опубликована: Май 29, 2024
Abstract
Mitochondria,
the
most
crucial
energy-generating
organelles
in
eukaryotic
cells,
play
a
pivotal
role
regulating
energy
metabolism.
However,
their
significance
extends
beyond
this,
as
they
are
also
indispensable
vital
life
processes
such
cell
proliferation,
differentiation,
immune
responses,
and
redox
balance.
In
response
to
various
physiological
signals
or
external
stimuli,
sophisticated
mitochondrial
quality
control
(MQC)
mechanism
has
evolved,
encompassing
key
like
biogenesis,
dynamics,
mitophagy,
which
have
garnered
increasing
attention
from
researchers
unveil
specific
molecular
mechanisms.
this
review,
we
present
comprehensive
summary
of
primary
mechanisms
functions
regulators
involved
major
components
MQC.
Furthermore,
critical
regulated
by
MQC
its
diverse
roles
progression
systemic
diseases
been
described
detail.
We
discuss
agonists
antagonists
targeting
MQC,
aiming
explore
potential
therapeutic
research
prospects
enhancing
stabilize
function.
The EPMA Journal,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(2), С. 163 - 205
Опубликована: Апрель 18, 2024
Despite
their
subordination
in
humans,
to
a
great
extent,
mitochondria
maintain
independent
status
but
tightly
cooperate
with
the
"host"
on
protecting
joint
life
quality
and
minimizing
health
risks.
Under
oxidative
stress
conditions,
healthy
promptly
increase
mitophagy
level
remove
damaged
"fellows"
rejuvenating
mitochondrial
population
sending
fragments
of
mtDNA
as
SOS
signals
all
systems
human
body.
As
long
metabolic
pathways
are
under
systemic
control
well-concerted
together,
adaptive
mechanisms
become
triggered
increasing
protection,
activating
antioxidant
defense
repair
machinery.
Contextually,
attributes
patho-/physiology
instrumental
for
predictive
medical
approach
cost-effective
treatments
tailored
individualized
patient
profiles
primary
(to
protect
vulnerable
individuals
again
health-to-disease
transition)
secondary
affected
disease
progression)
care.
Nutraceuticals
naturally
occurring
bioactive
compounds
demonstrating
health-promoting,
illness-preventing,
other
health-related
benefits.
Keeping
mind
health-promoting
properties
nutraceuticals
along
therapeutic
potential
safety
profile,
there
is
permanently
growing
demand
application
mitochondria-relevant
nutraceuticals.
Application
beneficial
only
if
meeting
needs
at
individual
level.
Therefore,
risk
assessment
creation
pivotal
importance
followed
by
adapted
nutraceutical
sets
needs.
Based
scientific
evidence
available
nutraceuticals,
this
article
presents
examples
frequent
which
require
protective
measures
targeted
holistic
following
advanced
concepts
predictive,
preventive,
personalized
medicine
(PPPM/3PM)
Pharmacology & Therapeutics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
254, С. 108595 - 108595
Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2024
Over
the
years,
health
challenges
have
become
increasingly
complex
and
global
and,
at
beginning
of
21st
century,
chronic
diseases,
including
cardiovascular,
neurological,
respiratory
as
well
cancer
diabetes,
been
identified
by
World
Health
Organization
one
biggest
threats
to
human
health.
Recently,
antimicrobial
resistance
has
also
emerged
a
growing
problem
public
for
management
infectious
diseases.
In
this
scenario,
exploration
natural
products
supplementation
or
alternative
therapeutic
options
is
acquiring
great
importance,
among
them,
olive
tree,
Olea
europaea
L,
specifically
leaves,
fruits,
oil,
investigated
its
promoting
properties.
Traditionally,
these
properties
largely
attributed
high
concentration
monounsaturated
fatty
acids,
although,
in
recent
beneficial
effects
associated
other
components,
particularly
polyphenols.
Among
most
interesting
group
represented
L
secoiridoids,
comprising
oleuropein,
oleocanthal,
oleacein,
ligstroside,
which
display
anti-inflammatory,
antioxidant,
cardioprotective,
neuroprotective
anticancer
activities.
This
review
provides
an
overview
multiple
effects,
molecular
mechanisms,
potential
applications
secoiridoids
from
L.
The
global
prevalence
of
obesity
has
reached
epidemic
levels,
significantly
elevating
the
susceptibility
to
various
cardiometabolic
conditions
and
certain
types
cancer.
In
addition
causing
metabolic
abnormalities
such
as
insulin
resistance
(IR),
elevated
blood
glucose
lipids,
ectopic
fat
deposition,
can
also
damage
pancreatic
islet
cells,
endothelial
cardiomyocytes
through
chronic
inflammation,
even
promote
development
a
microenvironment
conducive
cancer
initiation.
Improper
dietary
habits
lack
physical
exercise
are
important
behavioral
factors
that
increase
risk
obesity,
which
affect
gene
expression
epigenetic
modifications.
Epigenetic
alterations
occur
in
early
stage
some
reversible,
while
others
persist
over
time
lead
obesity-related
complications.
Therefore,
dynamic
adjustability
modifications
be
leveraged
reverse
obesity-associated
diseases
interventions,
drugs,
bariatric
surgery.
This
review
provides
comprehensive
summary
impact
regulation
on
initiation
cancers,
type
2
diabetes,
cardiovascular
diseases,
establishing
theoretical
basis
for
prevention,
diagnosis,
treatment
these
conditions.
Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(6), С. 2657 - 2668
Опубликована: Март 30, 2024
A
pair
of
coumarin-based
polycyclic
meroterpenoid
enantiomers
(+)/(−)-gerbeloid
[(+)-1a
and
(−)-1b]
were
isolated
from
the
medicinal
plant
Gerbera
piloselloides,
which
have
a
unique
caged
oxatricyclo
[4.2.2.03,8]
decene
scaffold.
Their
planar
three-dimensional
structures
exhaustively
characterized
by
comprehensive
spectroscopic
data
X-ray
diffraction
analysis.
Guided
hypothetical
biosynthetic
pathway,
biomimetic
synthesis
racemic
1
was
achieved
using
4-hydroxy-5-methylcoumarin
citral
as
starting
material
via
oxa-6π
electrocyclization
intramolecular
[2+2]
photocycloaddition.
Subsequently,
results
biological
activity
assay
demonstrated
that
both
(+)-1a
(−)-1b
exhibited
potent
lipid-lowering
effects
in
3T3-L1
adipocytes
high-fat
diet
zebrafish
model.
Notably,
is
better
than
at
same
concentration,
molecular
mechanism
study
has
shown
impairs
adipocyte
differentiation
stimulate
lipolysis
regulating
C/EBPα/PPARγ
signaling
Perilipin
vitro
vivo.
Our
findings
provide
promising
drug
model
molecule
for
treatment
obesity.
Current Opinion in Anaesthesiology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
37(3), С. 299 - 307
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024
Purpose
of
review
Surgical
procedures
on
obese
patients
are
dramatically
increasing
worldwide
over
the
past
few
years.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
physiopathology
predominantly
respiratory
system
in
patients,
importance
preoperative
evaluation,
preoxygenation
and
intraoperative
positive
end
expiratory
pressure
(PEEP)
titration
to
prevent
pulmonary
complications
optimization
airway
management
oxygenation
reduce
or
postoperative
complications.
Recent
findings
Many
coming
clinic
with
medication
history
glucagon-like-peptide
1
agonists
(
GLP-1)
it
has
raised
many
questions
regarding
Nil
Per
Os
(NPO)/perioperative
fasting
guidelines
due
delayed
gastric
emptying
caused
by
these
medications.
American
Society
Anesthesiologists
(ASA)
come
up
guiding
document
help
such
situations.
Ambulatory
surgery
centers
doing
more
obesity
cases
a
safe
manner
which
were
deemed
unsafe
at
one
point
.
Quantitative
train
four
(TOF)
monitoring,
better
neuromuscular
reversal
agents
ultrasounds
seemed
have
made
significant
impact
care
perioperative
period.
Summary
Obese
higher
risk
complications,
mainly
associated
those
related
function.
An
appropriate
management,
support
monitoring
is
essential
improve
outcome
increase
safety
surgical
procedure.
