Talanta, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 277, С. 126345 - 126345
Опубликована: Июнь 5, 2024
Язык: Английский
Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(1), С. 115 - 115
Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2025
Postoperative neurocognitive dysfunction (PND) is a prevalent and debilitating complication in elderly surgical patients, characterized by persistent cognitive decline that negatively affects recovery quality of life. As the aging population grows, rising number patients has made PND an urgent clinical challenge. Despite increasing research efforts, pathophysiological mechanisms underlying remain inadequately characterized, underscoring need for more integrated framework to guide targeted interventions. To better understand molecular therapeutic targets PND, this narrative review synthesized evidence from peer-reviewed studies, identified through comprehensive searches PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web Science. Key findings highlight neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neurotransmitter imbalances, microvascular changes, white matter lesions as central pathophysiology, with particular parallels encephalocele- sepsis-associated impairments. Among these, mediated pathways such NLRP3 inflammasome blood-brain barrier disruption, emerges pivotal driver, triggering cascades exacerbate neuronal injury. Oxidative stress synergistically amplify these effects, while imbalances alterations, including lesions, contribute synaptic decline. Anesthetic agents modulate interconnected pathways, exhibiting both protective detrimental effects. Propofol dexmedetomidine demonstrate neuroprotective properties suppressing neuroinflammation microglial activation, whereas inhalational anesthetics like sevoflurane intensify inflammatory responses. Ketamine, its anti-inflammatory potential, offers promise but requires further evaluation determine long-term safety efficacy. By bridging insights practice, highlights critical role personalized anesthetic strategies mitigating improving patients. It aims inform future decision-making address multifaceted
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 569, С. 161 - 183
Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Cells, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 14(4), С. 276 - 276
Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2025
Mitochondrial dysfunction represents a pivotal characteristic of numerous neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's Huntington's and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. These conditions, distinguished by unique clinical pathological features, exhibit shared pathways leading to neuronal damage, all which are closely associated with mitochondrial dysfunction. The high metabolic requirements neurons make even minor deficiencies highly impactful, driving oxidative stress, energy deficits, aberrant protein processing. Growing evidence from genetic, biochemical, cellular investigations associates impaired electron transport chain activity disrupted quality-control mechanisms, such as mitophagy, the initial phases disease progression. Furthermore, overproduction reactive oxygen species persistent neuroinflammation can establish feedforward cycles that exacerbate deterioration. Recent research has increasingly focused on interventions aimed at enhancing resilience-through antioxidants, small molecules modulate balance fusion fission, or gene-based therapeutic strategies. Concurrently, initiatives identify dependable biomarkers seek detect changes prior manifestation overt symptoms. By integrating current body knowledge, this review emphasizes critical role preserving homeostasis viable approach. It also addresses complexities translating these findings into practice underscores potential innovative strategies designed delay potentially halt processes.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Nutrients, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 17(5), С. 766 - 766
Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025
The dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is well described in several diseases, and considered a pathological factor many neurological disorders. This review summarizes most important groups natural compounds, including alkaloids, flavonoids, anthocyanidines, carotenoids, lipids, vitamins that were investigated for their potential protective effects on brain endothelium. penetration these compounds interaction with BBB efflux transporters solute carriers are discussed. cerebrovascular endothelium therapeutic target diseases. In preclinical studies modeling systemic central nervous system nutraceuticals exerted beneficial BBB. vivo, they decreased permeability, edema, astrocyte swelling, morphological changes vessel structure basal lamina. At level endothelial cells, increased cell survival apoptosis. From general functions, angiogenesis levels vasodilating agents demonstrated. elevated integrity by tightened intercellular junctions, expression activity transporters, such as pumps, carriers, metabolic enzymes, shown. Nutraceuticals enhanced antioxidative defense anti-inflammatory at signaling mediating stability activation WNT, PI3K-AKT, NRF2 pathways, inhibition MAPK, JNK, ERK, NF-κB pathways. represent valuable source new potentially molecules to treat diseases protecting
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
2
Food Research International, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 204, С. 115953 - 115953
Опубликована: Фев. 7, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 26(7), С. 3272 - 3272
Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2025
Chronic alcohol consumption leads to excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), driving oxidative stress that contributes both use disorder (AUD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). This review explores how ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction neuroinflammation serve as shared pathological mechanisms linking these conditions. We highlight the role alcohol-induced damage in exacerbating neurodegeneration compare ROS-related pathways AUD AD. Finally, we discuss emerging therapeutic strategies, including antioxidants inflammasome inhibitors, target mitigate neurodegeneration. Understanding overlapping may provide new insights for preventing treating ROS-driven neurodegenerative disorders.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Biochemical Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 228, С. 116186 - 116186
Опубликована: Март 30, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
8
Phytotherapy Research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Дек. 11, 2024
With the passage of time, people step toward old age and become more prone to several diseases associated with age. One such is Alzheimer's disease (AD) which results into neuronal damage dementia progression The existing therapeutics has been hindered by various enkindles like less eminent between remote populations, affordability issues toxicity profiles. Moreover, lack suitable therapeutic option further worsens quality life in older population. Developing an efficient intervention cure AD still a challenge for medical fraternity. Recently, alternative approaches attain attention researchers focus on plant-based therapy mitigating AD. In this context, flavonoids gained centrality as feasible treatment modifying neurological deficits. This review mainly focuses pathological facets economic burden Furthermore, we have explored possible mechanism preclinical clinical aspects curing Flavonoids being potential therapeutic, target pathogenic factors oxidative stress, inflammation, metal toxicity, Aβ accumulation, modulate neurotransmission insulin signaling. review, emphasized neuroprotective effects pathology, both experimental findings. While studies suggest promising benefits, data remains limited inconclusive. Thus, high-quality trials are necessary validate efficacy study aim promote therapies encourage add regular diet avail beneficial preventive
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
7
Substance Use & Addiction Journal, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Март 12, 2025
Background: Substance use disorders (SUDs) represent a significant global public health challenge, with affected individuals often exhibiting poor dietary habits, nutritional deficiencies, and compromised mental physical health. This scoping review evaluates existing literature on intake in SUDs, focusing the potential benefits of plant-based interventions for improving status supporting recovery. Methods: A was conducted following PRISMA guidelines. Four databases were searched using PICO-based terms, targeting studies assessing patients SUD, particularly interventions. Inclusion criteria reporting macro- micronutrient among while lacking direct data excluded. Study quality appraised STROBE checklist. Results: The search yielded 1142 articles, 6 meeting inclusion (4 from United States 2 Iran). Patients SUD exhibited deficiencies iron (−16.8%, P = .04), folate (−15.0%, vitamins E A, alongside diets high simple carbohydrates unhealthy processed foods. Plant-based associated improved Healthy Eating Index scores ( < .001), increased resilience (+31%, .031), enhanced self-esteem .043). High energy low multivitamin reported methadone-treated patients, emphasizing need to address nutrient gaps support Conclusion: may offer promising strategy improve outcomes SUD. However, are limited, small sample sizes variability assessments. Future research, including randomized controlled trials, is needed establish efficacy feasibility integrating nutrition into treatment programs. Addressing barriers such as socioeconomic challenges food access also crucial implementing effective
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1
Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Март 23, 2025
Abstract Spinal cord injury (SCI) constitutes a critical occurrence that results in the disruption of both motor and sensory functions. Oxidative stress‐induced apoptosis pyroptosis have been identified as contributors to neuronal damage during secondary phase following SCI. Therefore, this study focuses on development self‐enhancing drug pair‐driven selenium (Se) nanotherapeutics, loading with 2,3,5,6‐tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), enhance treatment The engineered LET/TMP/Rg1@Se NPs exhibits remarkable antioxidant properties, effectively reducing oxidative by minimizing reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation restoring mitochondrial function. In addition their effects, nanotherapeutics demonstrates significant anti‐pyroptotic effects BV2 microglial cells modulating NLRP3/caspase‐1 pathway, leading decreased release pro‐inflammatory cytokines IL‐1β IL‐18. Moreover, inhibition inflammatory cascade response diminishes neuroinflammation‐induced promotes axonal regeneration neurons vitro. mouse model SCI, improved function regeneration, attributed pyroptosis, highlighting scientific basis for synergistic effect Se an innovative strategy effective SCI therapy.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
1