Renewable and sustainable clean energy development and impact on social, economic, and environmental health

Energy Nexus, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 7, С. 100118 - 100118

Опубликована: Июль 9, 2022

Clean, renewable, and sustainable energy is required daily to improve social, economic, environmental health, leading economic development productivity. The aim of the work has deliberated on reoccurrence renewable energies assist in mitigation climate change health excellently. This aims determine whether sources are viable study how a shift from fossil fuel-based would reducing its impact. State art biofuels generation lignocellulosic biomasses shown that applying advanced technologies such as biorefinery bioreactors chemical transformation process sustained strategy. To optimally exploit biorefineries' potential, government policies must favour technological innovations universities an industry can help produce high-value fuels products various biomasses. light prospects allied with sources; security, access energy, social progress, reduce ecological impacts.

Язык: Английский

---

A Review of Road Traffic-Derived Non-Exhaust Particles: Emissions, Physicochemical Characteristics, Health Risks, and Mitigation Measures

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 56(11), С. 6813 - 6835

Опубликована: Май 25, 2022

Implementation of regulatory standards has reduced exhaust emissions particulate matter from road traffic substantially in the developed world. However, nonexhaust particle arising wear brakes, tires, and surface, together with resuspension dust, are unregulated exceed many jurisdictions. While knowledge sources particles is fairly good, source-specific measurements airborne concentrations few, studies toxicology epidemiology do not give a clear picture health risk posed. This paper reviews current state knowledge, strong focus on health-related research, highlighting areas where further research an essential prerequisite for developing focused policy responses to particles.

Язык: Английский

---

Long-term exposure to traffic-related air pollution and selected health outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Environment International, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 164, С. 107262 - 107262

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2022

The health effects of traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) continue to be important public interest. Following its well-cited 2010 critical review, the Health Effects Institute (HEI) appointed a new expert Panel systematically evaluate epidemiological evidence regarding associations between long-term exposure TRAP and selected adverse outcomes. outcomes were based on causality for general (broader than TRAP) cited in authoritative reviews, relevance policy, resources available. used systematic approach search literature, select studies inclusion assess study quality, summarize results, reach conclusions about confidence evidence. An extensive was conducted literature published January 1980 July 2019 A framework developed determine whether sufficiently specific TRAP. In total, 353 included review. Respiratory children (118 studies) birth (86 most commonly studied Fewer investigated cardiometabolic (57 studies), respiratory adults (50 mortality (48 studies). findings from meta-analyses, evaluation quality potential biases provided an overall high or moderate-to-high level association all-cause, circulatory, ischemic heart disease lung cancer mortality, asthma onsetin chilldren adults, acute lower infections children. considered moderate, low very other light large number people exposed - both beyond near-road environment concluded that several indicates exposures remain concern deserve greater attention policymakers.

Язык: Английский

---

Contamination and source apportionment of metals in urban road dust (Jinan, China) integrating the enrichment factor, receptor models (FA-NNC and PMF), local Moran's index, Pb isotopes and source-oriented health risk

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 878, С. 163211 - 163211

Опубликована: Март 31, 2023

Язык: Английский

---

Present Knowledge and Future Perspectives of Atmospheric Emission Inventories of Toxic Trace Elements: A Critical Review

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 57(4), С. 1551 - 1567

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2023

Toxic trace elements (TEs) can pose serious risks to ecosystems and human health. However, a comprehensive understanding of atmospheric emission inventories for several concerning TEs has not yet been developed. In this study, we systematically reviewed the status progress existing research in developing focusing on global, regional, sectoral scales. Multiple studies have strengthened our global TEs, despite attention being mainly focused Hg source classification different showing large discrepancies. contrast those developed countries regions, officially published inventory is still lacking countries, fact that evaluating emissions national scale or one specific category numerous recent years. Additionally, emitted from waste incineration traffic-related sources produced growing concern with worldwide rapid urbanization. Although attempt estimate based PM its source-specific chemical profiles, factor approach universal method. We call more extensive in-depth establish precise localization adequate field measurements investigation reduce uncertainty.

Язык: Английский

---

Car harm: A global review of automobility's harm to people and the environment

Journal of Transport Geography, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 115, С. 103817 - 103817

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Despite the widespread harm caused by cars and automobility, governments, corporations, individuals continue to facilitate it expanding roads, manufacturing larger vehicles, subsidising parking, electric cars, resource extraction. This literature review synthesises negative consequences of or car harm, which we have grouped into four categories: violence, ill health, social injustice, environmental damage. We find that, since their invention, automobility killed 60–80 million people injured at least 2 billion. Currently, 1 in 34 deaths are automobility. Cars exacerbated inequities damaged ecosystems every global region, including remote car-free places. While some benefit from nearly everyone—whether not they drive—is harmed it. Slowing automobility's violence pollution will be impracticable without replacement policies that encourage with reduce To end, paper briefly summarises interventions ready for implementation.

Язык: Английский

---

Contribution of Road Vehicle Tyre Wear to Microplastics and Ambient Air Pollution

Sustainability, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(2), С. 522 - 522

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2024

Tyre particles are generated by shear forces between the tread and road or volatilisation. abrasion (wear) contributes from one-third to half of microplastics unintentionally released into environment. The major part ends up in soil, a considerable amount is aquatic environment, small percentage becomes airborne. Nevertheless, tyre 5–30% transport particulate matter (PM) emissions. This corresponds approximately 5% total ambient PM particle mass size distribution peak at around 20 100 μm, with second 2–10 μm range. A nucleation mode has been reported some studies. absolute levels depend on tyre, vehicle, characteristics, but also environmental conditions driving style. Most emission factors literature based data prior year 2000. We aggregated recent studies found mean 110 mg/km per vehicle 68 mg/km/t for passenger cars (based 300 measurements). Based limited number studies, PM10 emissions were 1.4–2.2 tyre. On other hand, order 1010 #/km ratio was be 2.5% average. Finally, PM2.5 calculated 40%. Various mitigation measures pollution could envisaged; most direct limitation rate, as proposed European Commission Euro 7 regulation. Other regulatory initiatives discussed.

Язык: Английский

---

Reviewing Air Pollutants Generated during the Pyrolysis of Solid Waste for Biofuel and Biochar Production: Toward Cleaner Production Practices

Sustainability, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(3), С. 1169 - 1169

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2024

The production of biofuels and biochar through pyrolysis is a promising avenue for sustainable energy generation waste management. However, this process can inadvertently release various air pollutants into the atmosphere, potentially compromising its environmental benefits. This article provides comprehensive overview gas associated with biofuel production, as well different variables affecting emissions. Key such particulate matter (PM), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx) have been discussed in terms their formations emissions during processes. Furthermore, major factors influencing pollutant emissions, including feedstock composition, conditions, combustion technologies examined up-to-date examples. review highlights significance emission control strategies, advanced reactor design, catalyst utilization, integration realtime monitoring systems, mitigating pollution from By shedding light on challenges pyrolysis-based aims to encourage development cleaner more approaches harness potential solid conversion technologies.

Язык: Английский

---

The chemical composition and sources of road dust, and of tire and road wear particles–A review

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 926, С. 171694 - 171694

Опубликована: Март 13, 2024

To gain better understanding of how the transition to electric vehicles affects road dust (RD) composition, and potential health environmental risks, it is crucial analyze chemical composition RD identify its sources. Sources include wear tire tread (TT), brake (BW) (RW). A relevant component are particles (TRWPs). This literature review compiles data on bulk sources, in Asia, Europe North America TRWP as a component. The focus elements such Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, V, Zn. Although comparability global limited due differences sampling analytical methods, no significant from Europe, were found for most investigated studied, except V. Source analyzed using elemental markers. On average TT, BW, RW contributed 3 %, 1 96 respectively. highest concentrations TT (9 %) BW (2 observed particle size fraction ≤ 10 μm. It recommended that these results be verified additional marker compounds. TRWPs different sources revealed (i) isolated tunnel sample composed 31 % 6 62 RW, (ii) test material stands show similar content but likely because e.g., missing BW. Therefore, need chemically characterized prior their use hazard testing validate representativeness.

Язык: Английский

---

A global perspective of the current state of heavy metal contamination in road dust

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 29(22), С. 33230 - 33251

Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2022

Язык: Английский

---