Atmospheric Environment,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
286, С. 119221 - 119221
Опубликована: Июнь 8, 2022
Non-exhaust
emissions
from
road
transport
include
particles
brake
and
tyre
wear,
surface
abrasion
dust
resuspension.
Road
loads
their
chemical
properties
are
heterogeneous
knowledge
is
still
scarce.
This
study
aimed
to
characterise,
for
the
first
time
in
Lisbon,
thoracic
fraction
of
(PM10)
by
collecting
samples
directly
pavements
an
situ
resuspension
chamber.
The
highest
PM10
load
(15.6
±
8.75
mg
m−2)
was
obtained
on
a
cobblestone
pavement,
while
asphalt
roads
mean
4.40
0.16
m−2.
Emission
factors
ranged
83.5
274
veh−1
km−1.
On
average,
65.7%
mass
reconstructed,
taking
into
account
carbonaceous
content
sum
elements
oxidized
form.
Cu
Zn,
associated
with
were
most
enriched
relation
soil
composition
(EnF
=
440
184,
respectively).
potential
ecological
risk
factor
individual
metals
(Eri)
also
observed
(EriCu
393).
In
90%
sampled
streets,
total
carcinogenic
higher
than
1E-4
As,
suggesting
that
exposure
this
hazardous
element
may
contribute
development
cancer
over
lifetime.
results
showed
high
contribution
certain
dangerous
compounds
effects
human
health.
Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
56(11), С. 6813 - 6835
Опубликована: Май 25, 2022
Implementation
of
regulatory
standards
has
reduced
exhaust
emissions
particulate
matter
from
road
traffic
substantially
in
the
developed
world.
However,
nonexhaust
particle
arising
wear
brakes,
tires,
and
surface,
together
with
resuspension
dust,
are
unregulated
exceed
many
jurisdictions.
While
knowledge
sources
particles
is
fairly
good,
source-specific
measurements
airborne
concentrations
few,
studies
toxicology
epidemiology
do
not
give
a
clear
picture
health
risk
posed.
This
paper
reviews
current
state
knowledge,
strong
focus
on
health-related
research,
highlighting
areas
where
further
research
an
essential
prerequisite
for
developing
focused
policy
responses
to
particles.
Environmental Pollution,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
326, С. 121511 - 121511
Опубликована: Март 24, 2023
Tire
wear
particles
(TWPs)
are
one
of
the
environment's
most
important
emission
sources
microplastics.
In
this
work,
chemical
identification
these
was
carried
out
in
highway
stormwater
runoff
through
cross-validation
techniques
for
first
time.
Optimization
a
pre-treatment
method
(i.e.,
extraction
and
purification)
provided
to
extract
TWPs,
avoiding
their
degradation
denaturation,
prevent
getting
low
recognizable
consequently
underestimates
quantification.
Specific
markers
were
used
TWPs
comparing
real
samples
reference
materials
via
FTIR-ATR,
Micro-FTIR,
Pyrolysis-gas-chromatography-mass
spectrometry
(Pyr-GC/MS).
Quantification
Micro-FTIR
(microscopic
counting);
abundance
ranged
from
220,371
±
651
TWPs/L
358,915
831
TWPs/L,
while
higher
mass
39,6
9
mg
lowest
31,0
8
TWPs/L.
Most
analyzed
less
than
100
μm
size.
The
sizes
also
confirmed
using
scanning
electron
microscope
(SEM),
including
presence
potential
nano
samples.
Elemental
analysis
SEM
supported
that
complex
mixture
heterogeneous
composition
characterizes
by
agglomerating
organic
inorganic
could
derive
brake
road
wear,
pavement,
dust,
asphalts,
construction
work.
Due
analytical
lack
knowledge
about
quantification
scientific
literature,
study
significantly
contributes
providing
novel
methodology
emerging
contaminants
runoff.
results
highlight
uttermost
necessity
employ
techniques,
i.e.,
Pyr-GC/MS,
environmental
The Science of The Total Environment,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
926, С. 171694 - 171694
Опубликована: Март 13, 2024
To
gain
better
understanding
of
how
the
transition
to
electric
vehicles
affects
road
dust
(RD)
composition,
and
potential
health
environmental
risks,
it
is
crucial
analyze
chemical
composition
RD
identify
its
sources.
Sources
include
wear
tire
tread
(TT),
brake
(BW)
(RW).
A
relevant
component
are
particles
(TRWPs).
This
literature
review
compiles
data
on
bulk
sources,
in
Asia,
Europe
North
America
TRWP
as
a
component.
The
focus
elements
such
Cd,
Co,
Cr,
Cu,
Ni,
Pb,
V,
Zn.
Although
comparability
global
limited
due
differences
sampling
analytical
methods,
no
significant
from
Europe,
were
found
for
most
investigated
studied,
except
V.
Source
analyzed
using
elemental
markers.
On
average
TT,
BW,
RW
contributed
3
%,
1
96
respectively.
highest
concentrations
TT
(9
%)
BW
(2
observed
particle
size
fraction
≤
10
μm.
It
recommended
that
these
results
be
verified
additional
marker
compounds.
TRWPs
different
sources
revealed
(i)
isolated
tunnel
sample
composed
31
%
6
62
RW,
(ii)
test
material
stands
show
similar
content
but
likely
because
e.g.,
missing
BW.
Therefore,
need
chemically
characterized
prior
their
use
hazard
testing
validate
representativeness.
Atmosphere,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
13(4), С. 607 - 607
Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2022
Road
dust
(RD)
is
one
of
the
most
important
sources
particles
in
atmosphere,
especially
industrial
areas
and
cities.
In
this
special
issue,
we
collected
16
original
articles
that
describe
field,
experimental,
modeling
studies
related
to
RD
its
various
size
fractions
as
a
key
issue
understanding
relationships
between
several
urban
environments
identification
pollution
sources.
Articles
focus
primarily
on
following
main
topics:
(1)
study
chemical
composition
speciation
source
attribution;
(2)
assessment
aerosol
levels
(including
express
technique),
environmental
hazards
public
health
risks;
(3)
distribution
stable
radioactive
isotopes
RD;
(4)
determination
factors
affecting
level
accumulation
roads
intensity
pollution;
(5)
effect
atmosphere
other
environments.
Based
results
presented
but
not
limited
to,
some
current
challenges
studying
are
formulated,
including
need
for
further
geographically
wider
analytically
deeper
work
aspects
formation,
transport
pathways,
urban,
areas.
Atmosphere,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
14(3), С. 498 - 498
Опубликована: Март 4, 2023
The
Particle
Measurement
Programme
Informal
Working
Group
(PMP-IWG)
coordinated
a
global
interlaboratory
study
(ILS)
on
brake
wear
particle
emissions
with
the
participation
of
16
testing
facilities.
Two
articles
present
main
outcomes
ILS:
(I)
Particulate
matter
mass
(PM),
and
(II)
Number
(PN)
emissions.
test
matrix
covered
wide
variety
systems
configurations.
tested
disc
brakes
were
found
to
emit
PM2.5
PM10
that
varied
between
0.8–4.0
mg/km
2.2–9.5
per
brake,
respectively,
depending
type
applied
load.
drum
emitted
much
lower
PM
due
its
enclosed
nature.
Almost
37–45%
falls
in
fine
size
this
fraction
being
higher
for
brake.
On
other
hand,
almost
50–65%
total
loss
sizes
larger
than
10
μm
or
gets
lost
before
measured.
most
important
mechanisms
proposed
layout
are
discussed.
Finally,
measurement
variability
lab-to-lab
reproducibility
investigated.
