AMP-activated protein kinase: An energy sensor and survival mechanism in the reinstatement of metabolic homeostasis

Experimental Cell Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 428(1), С. 113614 - 113614

Опубликована: Апрель 29, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Obesogens: a unifying theory for the global rise in obesity

International Journal of Obesity, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 48(4), С. 449 - 460

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2024

Despite varied treatment, mitigation, and prevention efforts, the global prevalence severity of obesity continue to worsen. Here we propose a combined model obesity, unifying paradigm that links four general models: energy balance (EBM), based on calories as driver weight gain; carbohydrate-insulin (CIM), insulin storage; oxidation-reduction (REDOX), reactive oxygen species (ROS) altered metabolic signaling; obesogens (OBS), which proposes environmental chemicals interfere with hormonal signaling leading adiposity. We OBS/REDOX in (in air, food, food packaging, household products) generate false autocrine endocrine signals, including ROS, subvert standard regulatory mechanisms, increase basal stimulated secretion, disrupt efficiency, influence appetite expenditure gain. This incorporates data supporting EBM CIM models, thus creating one integrated covers significant aspects all mechanisms potentially contributing pandemic. Importantly, provides rationale approach for future preventative efforts chemical exposure reduction.

Язык: Английский

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Plastic Food Packaging from Five Countries Contains Endocrine- and Metabolism-Disrupting Chemicals

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 58(11), С. 4859 - 4871

Опубликована: Март 5, 2024

Plastics are complex chemical mixtures of polymers and various intentionally nonintentionally added substances. Despite the well-established links between certain plastic chemicals (bisphenols phthalates) adverse health effects, composition toxicity real-world not well understood. To assess both, we analyzed from 36 food contact articles five countries using nontarget high-resolution mass spectrometry reporter-gene assays for four nuclear receptors that represent key components endocrine metabolic system. We found activating pregnane X receptor (PXR), peroxisome proliferator γ (PPARγ), estrogen α (ERα), inhibiting androgen (AR) prevalent in packaging. detected up to 9936 features a single product each had rather unique fingerprint. tackle this complexity, used stepwise partial least-squares regressions prioritized tentatively identified associated with activity. Our findings demonstrate most packaging contains endocrine- metabolism-disrupting chemicals. Since samples fewer induce less toxicity, simplification is producing safer

Язык: Английский

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The multifaceted role of sodium nitroprusside in plants: crosstalk with phytohormones under normal and stressful conditions

Plant Growth Regulation, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 103(3), С. 453 - 470

Опубликована: Фев. 6, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Nutrition Assessment and Management in Celiac Disease

Gastroenterology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Ultra-processed food consumption in UK adolescents: distribution, trends, and sociodemographic correlates using the National Diet and Nutrition Survey 2008/09 to 2018/19

European Journal of Nutrition, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 63(7), С. 2709 - 2723

Опубликована: Июль 17, 2024

We quantified levels of ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption and investigated patterns in a representative sample UK adolescents.

Язык: Английский

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Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism in the Regulation of Thermogenic Brown Fats and Human Metabolic Diseases

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(2), С. 1352 - 1352

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2023

Brown fats specialize in thermogenesis by increasing the utilization of circulating blood glucose and fatty acids. Emerging evidence suggests that brown adipose tissue (BAT) prevents incidence obesity-associated metabolic diseases several types cancers humans. Mitochondrial energy metabolism brown/beige adipocytes regulates both uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-dependent -independent for cold adaptation excess nutrients energy. Many studies on quantification human BAT indicate mass activity are inversely correlated with body index (BMI) visceral adiposity. Repression is caused positive negative factors control adipocyte browning, de novo adipogenesis, mitochondrial metabolism, UCP1 expression activity, noradrenergic response. Systemic local whose levels vary between lean obese conditions include growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, neurotransmitters, metal ions such as selenium iron. Modulation repression a promising strategy to counteract obesity related through activation thermogenic capacity. In this review, we highlight recent advances regulation fats, diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Obesity and main urologic cancers: Current systematic evidence, novel biological mechanisms, perspectives and challenges

Seminars in Cancer Biology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 91, С. 70 - 98

Опубликована: Март 7, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Inhibitory Potential of α-Amylase, α-Glucosidase, and Pancreatic Lipase by a Formulation of Five Plant Extracts: TOTUM-63

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(4), С. 3652 - 3652

Опубликована: Фев. 11, 2023

Controlling post-prandial hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia, particularly by regulating the activity of digestive enzymes, allows managing type 2 diabetes obesity. The aim this study was to assess effects TOTUM-63, a formulation five plant extracts (Olea europaea L., Cynara scolymus Chrysanthellum indicum subsp. afroamericanum B.L.Turner, Vaccinium myrtillus Piper nigrum L.), on enzymes involved in carbohydrate lipid absorption. First, vitro inhibition assays were performed targeting three enzymes: α-glucosidase, α-amylase, lipase. Then, kinetic studies binding affinity determinations fluorescence spectrum changes microscale thermophoresis performed. showed that TOTUM-63 inhibited all α-glucosidase (IC50 13.1 µg/mL). Mechanistic molecular interaction experiments indicated mixed (full) mechanism, higher for than acarbose, reference inhibitor. Lastly, vivo data using leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) mice, model obesity diabetes, might prevent increase fasting glycemia glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels over time, compared with untreated group. These results show is promising new approach management via inhibition.

Язык: Английский

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Obesogenic polystyrene microplastic exposures disrupt the gut-liver-adipose axis

Toxicological Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 198(2), С. 210 - 220

Опубликована: Янв. 30, 2024

Microplastics (MP) derived from the weathering of polymers, or synthesized in this size range, have become widespread environmental contaminants and found their way into water supplies food chain. Despite awareness, little is known about health consequences MP ingestion. We previously shown that consumption polystyrene (PS) beads was associated with intestinal dysbiosis diabetes obesity mice. To further evaluate systemic metabolic effects PS on gut-liver-adipose tissue axis, we supplied C57BL/6J mice normal containing 2 sizes (0.5 5 µm) at a concentration 1 µg/ml. After 13 weeks, evaluated indices metabolism liver function. As observed previously, drinking PS-containing had potentiated weight gain adipose expansion. Here an increased abundance F4/80+ macrophages. These exposures did not cause nonalcoholic fatty disease but were decreased liver:body ratios enrichment hepatic farnesoid X receptor signaling. also cholesterol altered both cecal bile acids. Mice consuming treated berry anthocyanin, delphinidin, demonstrated attenuated compared those receiving control intervention exhibited downregulation cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) peroxisome proliferator-activated (PPAR) signaling pathways. This study highlights obesogenic role perturbing axis altering nuclear intermediary metabolism. Dietary interventions may limit adverse consumption.

Язык: Английский

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