Twenty years of microplastics pollution research—what have we learned?

Science, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 386(6720)

Опубликована: Сен. 19, 2024

Twenty years after the first publication that used term microplastic, we review current understanding, refine definitions, and consider future prospects. Microplastics arise from multiple sources, including tires, textiles, cosmetics, paint, fragmentation of larger items. They are widely distributed throughout natural environment, with evidence harm at levels biological organization. pervasive in food drink have been detected human body, emerging negative effects. Environmental contamination could double by 2040, wide-scale has predicted. Public concern is increasing, diverse measures to address microplastic pollution being considered international negotiations. Clear on efficacy potential solutions now needed issue minimize risks unintended consequences.

Язык: Английский

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Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), its additives, microplastic and human health: Unresolved and emerging issues

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 960, С. 178276 - 178276

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Plastics pollution exacerbates the impacts of all planetary boundaries

One Earth, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2024

SummaryPlastics are an international governance priority because of extensive and resource-intensive production, uncontrolled environmental releases, failure to control the chemicals within materials. We examine evidence that plastics have exceeded planetary safe operating space, discussing how pollution affects multiple Earth system processes along impact pathway from resource extraction production release fate impacts. Multiple lines capture complex reality these novel entities; a single boundary quantification would be detrimental. demonstrate causal links between other problems, exacerbating consequences breaching boundaries. propose biophysically defined variables for boundaries framework as way measure, monitor, mitigate global pollution. call urgent action, recognizing not only waste management problem but integrative part climate change, biodiversity, natural-resource-use policy.

Язык: Английский

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Precise characterization of the presence and fate of plastic oligomers in water

Nature Water, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Migration of endocrine and metabolism disrupting chemicals from plastic food packaging

Environment International, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 189, С. 108791 - 108791

Опубликована: Май 31, 2024

Plastics constitute a vast array of substances, with over 16 000 known plastic chemicals, including intentionally and non-intentionally added substances. Thousands toxic ones, are extractable from plastics, however, the extent to which these compounds migrate everyday products into food or water remains poorly understood. This study aims characterize endocrine metabolism disrupting activity, as well chemical composition migrates contact articles (FCAs) four countries significant sources human exposure. Fourteen FCAs covering seven polymer types high global market shares were migrated water–ethanol mixture simulants according European regulations. The analyzed using reporter gene assays for nuclear receptors relevant health non-target analysis composition. Chemicals migrating each FCA interfered at least two receptors, predominantly targeting pregnane X receptor (24/28 migrates). Moreover, peroxisome proliferator gamma was activated by 19 out 28 migrates, though mostly lower potencies. Estrogenic antiandrogenic activity detected in eight respectively. Fewer chemicals less toxicity compared mixture. However, 73 % 15 430 features also transferred simulants, exhibited similar prevalence methanol extracts. complexity differed largely between FCAs, 8 10 631 simulants. Using stepwise partial squares regressions, we successfully narrowed down list potential active identified such triphenyl phosphate, prioritized further identification. demonstrates migration rendering beverages probable.

Язык: Английский

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Beyond the Nucleus: Plastic Chemicals Activate G Protein-Coupled Receptors

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 58(11), С. 4872 - 4883

Опубликована: Март 5, 2024

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are central mediators of cell signaling and physiological function. Despite their biological significance, GPCRs have not been widely studied in the field toxicology. Herein, we investigated these as novel targets plastic chemicals using a high-throughput drug screening assay with 126 human non-olfactory GPCRs. In first-pass screen, tested activity triphenol phosphate, bisphenol A, diethyl phthalate, well three real-world mixtures extracted from food packaging covering all major polymer types. We found 11 GPCR-chemical interactions, which chemical exhibited most robust at adenosine receptor 1 (ADORA1) melatonin (MTNR1A). further confirm that polyvinyl chloride polyurethane products contain ADORA1 or MTNRA1 agonists confirmatory secondary screen pharmacological knockdown experiments. Finally, an analysis associated gene ontology terms suggests MTNR1A activation may be linked to downstream effects on circadian metabolic processes. This work highlights disruption caused by is broader than previously believed demonstrates relevance nongenomic pathways, have, thus far, remained unexplored.

Язык: Английский

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Utilizing MXene-mediated electron transfer pathway to boost peroxymonosulfate activation for water purification

Separation and Purification Technology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 129904 - 129904

Опубликована: Сен. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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How do plastics, including microplastics and plastic-associated chemicals, affect human health?

Nature Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 30(11), С. 3036 - 3037

Опубликована: Окт. 8, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Occurrence and Prioritization of Human Androgen Receptor Disruptors in Sewage Sludges Across China

Environmental Science & Technology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 58(23), С. 10309 - 10321

Опубликована: Май 25, 2024

The global practice of reusing sewage sludge in agriculture and its landfill disposal reintroduces environmental contaminants, posing risks to human ecological health. This study screened from 30 Chinese cities for androgen receptor (AR) disruptors, utilizing a disruptor list the Toxicology 21st Century program (Tox21), identified 25 agonists 33 antagonists across diverse use categories. Predominantly, natural products 5α-dihydrotestosterone thymidine emerged as agonists, whereas industrial intermediate caprolactam was principal antagonist. In-house bioassays disruptors displayed good alignment with Tox21 potency data, validating employing toxicity data theoretical estimations. Potency calculations revealed two pharmaceuticals (17β-trenbolone testosterone isocaproate) most potent AR three dyes (rhodamine 6G, Victoria blue BO, gentian violet) antagonists. Theoretical effect contribution evaluations prioritized isocaproate high-risk caprolactam, rhodamine 8-hydroxyquinoline (as biocide preservative) key Notably, 16 20 were newly reported sludge, many exhibiting significant detection frequencies, concentrations, and/or toxicities, demanding future scrutiny. Our presents an efficient strategy estimating sample identifying toxicants, thereby supporting development appropriate management strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Moldable Plastics (Polycaprolactone) can be Acutely Toxic to Developing Zebrafish and Activate Nuclear Receptors in Mammalian Cells

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(8), С. 5237 - 5251

Опубликована: Июль 9, 2024

Popularized on social media, hand-moldable plastics are formed by consumers into tools, trinkets, and dental prosthetics. Despite the anticipated dermal oral contact, manufacturers share little information with about these materials, which typically sold as microplastic-sized resin pellets. Inherent to their function, moldable pose a risk of exposure unknown leachable substances. We analyzed 12 advertised for modeling applications determined them be polycaprolactone (PCL) or thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). The bioactivities most popular brands each type polymer were evaluated using zebrafish embryo bioassay. While water-borne TPU pellets did not affect targeted developmental end points at any concentration tested, PCL acutely toxic above 1 pellet/mL. aqueous leachates demonstrated similar toxicity. Methanolic extracts from assayed bioactivity Attagene FACTORIAL platform. Of 69 measured points, activated nuclear receptors transcription factors xenobiotic metabolism (pregnane X receptor, PXR), lipid (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, PPARγ), oxidative stress (nuclear factor erythroid 2-related 2, NRF2). By nontargeted high-resolution comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC-HRT), we tentatively identified several compounds in methanolic extracts, including oligomers, phenolic antioxidant, residues suspected antihydrolysis cross-linking additives. In follow-up bioassay, because its stated high purity, biomedical grade was tested mitigate confounding effects due chemical additives pellets; it elicited comparable acute From orthogonal complementary experiments, suggest that toxicity oligomers nanoplastics released rather than These results challenge perceived assumed inertness highlight multiple sources

Язык: Английский

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