Abstract
Following
the
discovery
of
bone
as
an
endocrine
organ
with
systemic
influence,
bone-brain
interaction
has
emerged
a
research
hotspot,
unveiling
complex
bidirectional
communication
between
and
brain.
Studies
indicate
that
brain
can
influence
each
other’s
homeostasis
via
multiple
pathways,
yet
there
is
dearth
systematic
reviews
in
this
area.
This
review
comprehensively
examines
interactions
across
three
key
areas:
bone-derived
factors
on
function,
effects
brain-related
diseases
or
injuries
(BRDI)
health,
concept
skeletal
interoception.
Additionally,
discusses
innovative
approaches
biomaterial
design
inspired
by
mechanisms,
aiming
to
facilitate
through
materiobiological
aid
treatment
neurodegenerative
bone-related
diseases.
Notably,
integration
artificial
intelligence
(AI)
highlighted,
showcasing
AI’s
role
expediting
formulation
effective
targeted
strategies.
In
conclusion,
offers
vital
insights
into
mechanisms
suggests
advanced
harness
these
clinical
practice.
These
offer
promising
avenues
for
preventing
treating
impacting
skeleton
brain,
underscoring
potential
interdisciplinary
enhancing
human
health.
Journal of Nanobiotechnology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
22(1)
Опубликована: Авг. 2, 2024
Abstract
Neurodegenerative
disorders
are
complex,
progressive,
and
life-threatening.
They
cause
mortality
disability
for
millions
of
people
worldwide.
Appropriate
treatment
neurodegenerative
diseases
(NDs)
is
still
clinically
lacking
due
to
the
presence
blood-brain
barrier
(BBB).
Developing
an
effective
transport
system
that
can
cross
BBB
enhance
therapeutic
effect
neuroprotective
agents
has
been
a
major
challenge
NDs.
Exosomes
endogenous
nano-sized
vesicles
naturally
carry
biomolecular
cargoes.
Many
studies
have
indicated
exosome
content,
particularly
microRNAs
(miRNAs),
possess
biological
activities
by
targeting
several
signaling
pathways
involved
in
apoptosis,
inflammation,
autophagy,
oxidative
stress.
Exosome
content
influence
cellular
function
healthy
or
pathological
ways.
Furthermore,
since
exosomes
reflect
features
parental
cells,
their
cargoes
offer
opportunities
early
diagnosis
intervention
diseases.
unique
characteristics
make
them
ideal
delivering
drugs
directly
brain.
These
include
ability
pass
through
BBB,
biocompatibility,
stability,
innate
properties.
This
review
emphasizes
role
alleviating
NDs
discusses
associated
molecular
mechanisms.
exosomes,
making
promising
natural
transporter
various
medications
brain
combat
NDs,
also
discussed.
The Innovation,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
5(1), С. 100548 - 100548
Опубликована: Ноя. 27, 2023
•Micro/nanosystems
show
their
potential
to
address
the
challenges
of
precise
drug
delivery
brain.•Microfluidic
platforms
enable
creation
biomimetic
in
vitro
brain
models.•Micro/nano
materials
is
emerging
as
a
key
player
controllable
delivery.•The
minimally
invasive
fiberbot
microsystem
reduces
procedure's
invasiveness.•Image
tracking
micro/nanosystems
allows
for
controlled
therapeutic
interventions.
Drug
crucial
treatment
central
nervous
system
disorders.
While
significant
progress
has
been
made
recent
years,
there
are
still
major
achieving
brain.
Unmet
clinical
needs
arise
from
various
factors,
including
transport,
handling
large
doses,
methods
crossing
biological
barriers,
use
imaging
guidance,
and
effective
models
analyzing
delivery.
Recent
advances
have
shown
promise
addressing
some
these
challenges.
These
include
utilization
microfluidic
test
validate
process
setting,
development
novel
micro/nanocarriers
loads
across
blood-brain
barrier,
implementation
micro-intervention
systems
delivering
drugs
through
intraparenchymal
or
peripheral
routes.
In
this
article,
we
present
review
latest
developments
We
also
delve
into
relevant
diseases,
conventional
methods.
addition,
discuss
future
prospects
robotic
equipped
with
directed
transportation,
real-time
image
closed-loop
control.
Pharmaceutics,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15(8), С. 2070 - 2070
Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2023
Exosomes
are
nanoscale
vesicles
released
by
diverse
types
of
cells
for
complex
intercellular
communication.
Numerous
studies
have
shown
that
exosomes
can
regulate
the
body’s
immune
response
to
tumor
and
interfere
with
microenvironment
(TME).
In
clinical
trials
on
dendritic
cell
(DC)-based
antitumor
vaccines,
no
satisfactory
results
been
achieved.
However,
recent
suggested
DC-derived
(DEXs)
may
be
superior
DC-based
vaccines
in
avoiding
cell-mediated
immunosuppression.
DEXs
contain
multiple
surface
markers
capture
tumor-associated
antigens
(TAAs)
promote
cell-dependent
rejection.
These
findings
indicate
necessity
further
development
improvement
DEX-based
cell-free
complement
chemotherapy,
radiotherapy,
other
immunotherapies.
this
review,
we
highlighted
progress
cancer
immunotherapy,
particularly
concentrating
landmark
biological
characterization
DEXs,
summarized
their
important
role
(TIME)
application
targeted
immunotherapy.
This
review
could
enhance
comprehension
advances
immunotherapy
contribute
elucidation
how
TIME,
thereby
providing
a
reference
utilizing
practice.
Exosomes
are
extracellular
vesicles
with
diameters
of
about
100
nm
that
naturally
secreted
by
cells
into
body
fluids.
They
derived
from
endosomes
and
wrapped
in
lipid
membranes.
involved
intracellular
metabolism
intercellular
communication.
contain
nucleic
acids,
proteins,
lipids,
metabolites
the
cell
microenvironment
cytoplasm.
The
contents
exosomes
can
reflect
their
cells'
origin
allow
observation
tissue
changes
states
under
disease
conditions.
Naturally
have
specific
biomolecules
act
as
"fingerprint"
parent
cells,
changed
pathological
conditions
be
used
biomarkers
for
diagnosis.
low
immunogenicity,
small
size,
cross
blood-brain
barrier.
These
characteristics
make
unique
engineering
carriers.
incorporate
therapeutic
drugs
achieve
targeted
drug
delivery.
carriers
therapy
still
infancy,
but
exosome
provides
a
new
perspective
cell-free
therapy.
This
review
discussed
relationship
occurrence
treatment
some
neuropsychiatric
diseases.
In
addition,
future
applications
diagnosis
disorders
were
evaluated
this
review.
Pharmaceutics,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15(5), С. 1439 - 1439
Опубликована: Май 8, 2023
Cancer
is
designated
as
one
of
the
principal
causes
mortality
universally.
Among
different
types
cancer,
brain
cancer
remains
most
challenging
due
to
its
aggressiveness,
ineffective
permeation
ability
drugs
through
blood–brain
barrier
(BBB),
and
drug
resistance.
To
overcome
aforementioned
issues
in
fighting
there
an
imperative
need
for
designing
novel
therapeutic
approaches.
Exosomes
have
been
proposed
prospective
“Trojan
horse”
nanocarriers
anticancer
theranostics
owing
their
biocompatibility,
increased
stability,
permeability,
negligible
immunogenicity,
prolonged
circulation
time,
high
loading
capacity.
This
review
provides
a
comprehensive
discussion
on
biological
properties,
physicochemical
characteristics,
isolation
methods,
biogenesis
internalization
exosomes,
while
it
emphasizes
diagnostic
potential
vehicle
systems
highlighting
recent
advances
research
field.
A
comparison
activity
effectiveness
several
exosome-encapsulated
cargo
including
biomacromolecules
underlines
great
supremacy
over
non-exosomal
encapsulated
delivery,
accumulation,
potency.
Various
studies
cell
lines
animals
give
prominence
exosome-based
nanoparticles
(NPs)
promising
alternative
approach
management
cancer.
International Journal of Nanomedicine,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
Volume 19, С. 1597 - 1627
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024
Abstract:
The
development
of
numerous
diseases
is
significantly
influenced
by
inflammation.
Macrophage-derived
exosomes
(M-Exos)
play
a
role
in
controlling
inflammatory
reactions
various
conditions,
including
chronic
pain,
hypertension,
and
diabetes.
However,
the
specific
targets
roles
M-Exos
regulating
inflammation
remain
largely
unknown.
This
review
summarizes
current
knowledge
on
biogenesis
provides
updated
information
M-Exos'
biological
function
modulation.
Furthermore,
this
highlights
functionalization
engineering
strategies
M-Exos,
while
providing
an
overview
cutting-edge
approaches
to
advancements
their
application
as
therapeutics
for
Finally,
multiple
mechanisms
are
presented
along
with
perspectives
challenges,
potential
contribution
that
may
have
through
modulation
discussed.
Keywords:
inflammation,
macrophage-derived
exosomes,
functions,
modulation,
