Cancer chemotherapy and beyond: Current status, drug candidates, associated risks and progress in targeted therapeutics

Genes & Diseases, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(4), С. 1367 - 1401

Опубликована: Март 18, 2022

Cancer is an abnormal state of cells where they undergo uncontrolled proliferation and produce aggressive malignancies that causes millions deaths every year. With the new understanding molecular mechanism(s) disease progression, our knowledge about snowballing, leading to evolution many therapeutic regimes their successive trials. In past few decades, various combinations therapies have been proposed are presently employed in treatment diverse cancers. Targeted drug therapy, immunotherapy, personalized medicines now largely being employed, which were not common a years back. The field cancer discoveries therapeutics evolving fast as type-specific biomarkers progressively identified several types cancers nowadays undergoing systematic therapies, extending patients' disease-free survival thereafter. Although growing evidence shows targeted approach could be future medicine, chemotherapy remains opted option despite its known side effects on patient's physical psychological health. Chemotherapeutic agents/pharmaceuticals served great purpose over decades remained frontline choice for advanced-stage surgery and/or radiation therapy cannot prescribed due specific reasons. present report succinctly reviews existing contemporary advancements assesses status enrolled drugs/pharmaceuticals; it also comprehensively discusses emerging role specific/targeted strategies achieve better clinical success/survival rate patients.

Язык: Английский

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Ethnodermatological use of medicinal plants in India: From ayurvedic formulations to clinical perspectives – A review

Journal of Ethnopharmacology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 284, С. 114744 - 114744

Опубликована: Окт. 15, 2021

Traditional knowledge is a particular form of practice or skill set that was developed in ancient times and sustained through generations via the passing knowledge, essentially confined within specific tribe, local people, family lineages. Ethnodermatological use medicinal plants India still subject to conduct more studies see if there chemical, microbiological, and/or clinical evidence, from scientific perspective, their effectiveness for those skin disorders. Thus, this review can be basis further may provide targets drug development. We compile emphasize most important part ethnodermatology, namely, traditional applications several diseases India. also include brief explanation on dermatology Ayurvedic Unani medicine. pharmacological activity extracts derived some cited against problem as well. Different kinds key phrases such "Indian ethnodermatology", "ethnodermatology", "ethnobotany", "skin diseases", "Ayurveda dermatology", "pharmacological activity" were searched online search servers/databases Google Scholar (https://scholar.google.com/), ResearchGate (https://www.researchgate.net/), PubMed (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/), NISCAIR Online Periodicals Repository (NOPR) (http://nopr.niscair.res.in/). Based upon analyses data obtained 178 articles, we formulated findings which are summary shown Tables. A total 119 records plants' uses have been found across 39 diseases. These depicted with localities report, parts used, preparation administration methods The utilisation herbal medicine Indian subcontinent has great potential treat different human plant species used topical few only administrated orally. investigated mice, bacterial fungal pathogens, cells. Complementary therapy dermatological problems treatment remains main option millions people subcontinent. This practices ethnobotanical confirms belief analysis will accelerate discovery new, effective therapeutic agents However, evidence required determine identified contribute condition treatment, particularly atopic eczema. Today, ethnodermatology well-accepted international discipline many new initiated numerous countries. hope article development area identify generation natural treatments help meet growing consumer demand safe, sustainable, treatments. In context, research utilised elsewhere should intensified.

Язык: Английский

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Anticancer Applications and Pharmacological Properties of Piperidine and Piperine: A Comprehensive Review on Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Perspectives

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12

Опубликована: Янв. 7, 2022

Piperine and piperidine are the two major alkaloids extracted from black pepper ( Piper nigrum ); is a heterocyclic moiety that has molecular formula (CH 2 ) 5 NH. Over years, many therapeutic properties including anticancer potential of these compounds have been observed. against cancers such as breast cancer, ovarian gastric gliomal lung oral squamous, chronic pancreatitis, prostate rectal cervical leukemia. Whereas, acts clinical agent cancers, colon when treated alone or in combination with some novel drugs. Several crucial signalling pathways essential for establishment STAT-3, NF-κB, PI3k/Aκt, JNK/p38-MAPK, TGF-ß/SMAD, Smac/DIABLO, p-IκB etc., regulated by phytochemicals. Both phytochemicals lead to inhibition cell migration help cycle arrest inhibit survivability cancer cells. The current review highlights pharmaceutical relevance both piperine different types cancers.

Язык: Английский

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Betelvine (Piper betleL.): A comprehensive insight into its ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacological, biomedical and therapeutic attributes

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 26(11), С. 3083 - 3119

Опубликована: Май 2, 2022

Piper betle L. (synonym: betel Blanco), or vine, an economically and medicinally important cash crop, belongs to the family Piperaceae, often known as green gold. The plant can be found all over world is cultivatedprimarily in South East Asian countries for its beautiful glossy heart-shaped leaves, which are chewed consumed betelquidand widely used Chinese Indian folk medicine, carminative, stimulant,astringent, against parasitic worms, conjunctivitis, rheumatism, wound, etc., andis also religious purposes. Hydroxychavicol most bioactive compound among wide range of phytoconstituents essential oil extracts. pharmacological attributes P. antiproliferation, anticancer, neuropharmacological, analgesic, antioxidant, antiulcerogenic, hepatoprotective, antifertility, antibacterial, antifungal many more. Immense attention has been paid nanoformulations their applications. application did not show cytotoxicity preclinical experiments, suggesting that it could serve a promising therapeutic candidate different diseases. present review comprehensively summarizes botanical description, geographical distribution, economic value cultivation, ethnobotanical uses, properties with insights toxicological, clinical efficacy, safety betle. findings suggest represents orally active safe natural agent exhibits great potential managing various human medical conditions. However, further research needed elucidate underlying molecular mechanisms action, aspects, structure-activity relationships, bioavailability synergistic interactions other drugs.

Язык: Английский

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Alzheimer's disease: Molecular aspects and treatment opportunities using herbal drugs

Ageing Research Reviews, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 88, С. 101960 - 101960

Опубликована: Май 22, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Cellular landscaping of cisplatin resistance in cervical cancer

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 153, С. 113345 - 113345

Опубликована: Июль 8, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Does Ashwagandha supplementation have a beneficial effect on the management of anxiety and stress? A systematic review and meta‐analysis of randomized controlled trials

Phytotherapy Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 36(11), С. 4115 - 4124

Опубликована: Авг. 25, 2022

Abstract Clinical trial studies revealed conflicting results on the effect of Ashwagandha extract anxiety and stress. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate supplementation as well A systematic search was performed in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar from inception until December 2021. We included randomized clinical trials (RCTs) that investigate The overall size pooled by random‐effects model standardized mean difference (SMD) 95% confidence interval (CIs) for outcomes were applied. Overall, 12 eligible papers with a total sample 1,002 participants age range between 25 48 years current review meta‐analysis. found significantly reduced (SMD: −1.55, CI: −2.37, −0.74; p = .005; I 2 93.8%) stress level −1.75; −2.29, −1.22; 83.1%) compared placebo. Additionally, non‐linear dose–response analysis indicated favorable 12,000 mg/d at dose 300–600 mg/d. Finally, identified certainty evidence low both outcomes. meta‐analysis RCTs beneficial following supplementation. However, further high‐quality are needed firmly establish efficacy plant.

Язык: Английский

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Hypoglycemic medicines in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease: Pathophysiological links between AD and glucose metabolism

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2023

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a global chronic disease in adults with beta-amyloid (Aβ) deposits and hyperphosphorylated tau protein as the pathologic characteristics. Although exact etiology of AD still not fully elucidated, aberrant metabolism including insulin signaling mitochondria dysfunction plays an important role development AD. Binding to receptor substrates, can transport through blood-brain barrier (BBB), thus mediating pathways regulate physiological functions. Impaired pathways, PI3K/Akt/GSK3β MAPK could cause damage brain pathogenesis Mitochondrial overexpression TXNIP also be causative links between DM. Some antidiabetic medicines may have benefits treatment Metformin beneficial for cognition improvement patients, although results from clinical trials were inconsistent. Exendin-4 affect animal models but there lack trials. Liraglutide dulaglutide benefit patients adequate studies semaglutide. Dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors (DPP4is) such saxagliptin, vildagliptin, linagliptin, sitagliptin boost cognitive function models. And SGLT2 empagliflozin dapagliflozin considerably protective against new-onset dementia T2DM patients. Insulin therapy promising some indicated that it increase risk Herbal are helpful neuroprotection brain. For example, polyphenols, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids glucose metabolism. Focusing on metabolism, we summarized pharmacological mechanism hypoglycemic drugs herbal medicines. New approaches synthesized would provided More needed produce definite evidence effectiveness medications.

Язык: Английский

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Withaferin A: A Pleiotropic Anticancer Agent from the Indian Medicinal Plant Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal

Pharmaceuticals, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 16(2), С. 160 - 160

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2023

Cancer represents the second most deadly disease and one of important public health concerns worldwide. Surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immune therapy are major types treatment strategies that have been implemented in cancer treatment. Unfortunately, these options suffer from limitations, such as drug-resistance adverse effects, which may eventually result recurrence. Many phytochemicals investigated for their antitumor efficacy preclinical models clinical studies to discover newer therapeutic agents with fewer effects. Withaferin A, a natural bioactive molecule isolated Indian medicinal plant Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, has reported impart anticancer activities against various cell lines by modulating expression activity different oncogenic proteins. In this article, we comprehensively discussed biosynthesis withaferin A well its antineoplastic mode-of-action vitro vivo settings. We also reviewed effect on miRNAs, combinational other cytotoxic agents, A-based formulations, safety toxicity profiles, potential.

Язык: Английский

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An updated review on phytochemistry and molecular targets of Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal (Ashwagandha)

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Март 29, 2023

Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal belongs to the nightshade family Solanaceae and is commonly known as Ashwagandha. It pharmacologically a significant medicinal plant of Indian sub-continent, used in Ayurvedic indigenous systems medicine for more than 3,000 years. rich reservoir pharmaceutically bioactive constituents withanolides (a group 300 naturally occurring C-28 steroidal lactones with an ergostane-based skeleton). Most biological activities W. have been attributed two key withanolides, namely, withaferin-A withanolide-D. In addition, such withanosides, sitoindosides, lactones, alkaloids are also present broad spectrum therapeutic potential. Several research groups worldwide discovered various molecular targets , inhibiting activation nuclear factor kappa-B promoting apoptosis cancer cells. enhances dopaminergic D2 receptor activity (relief Parkinson’s disease). The active principles sitoindosides VII-X possess free radical properties. Withanolide-D increases radio sensitivity human cells via deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage non-homologous end-joining repair (NHEJ) pathways. Withanolide-V may serve potential inhibitor against main protease (Mpro) severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) combat COVID. docking studies revealed that withanolide-A inhibits acetyl-cholinesterase brain, which could be drug treat Alzheimer’s disease. Besides, reduces expression N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, responsible memory loss epileptic rats. This review demonstrates source other constituents, can safe chronic diseases due minimal side effects pre-clinical studies. These results interesting signify clinical trials should conducted prove efficacy settings.

Язык: Английский

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