Biomarker Research,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
11(1)
Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2023
Abstract
High-frequency
mutations
in
tumor
genomes
could
be
exploited
as
an
asset
for
developing
vaccines.
In
recent
years,
with
the
tremendous
breakthrough
genomics,
intelligence
algorithm,
and
in-depth
insight
of
immunology,
it
has
become
possible
to
rapidly
target
genomic
alterations
cell
rationally
select
vaccine
targets.
Among
a
variety
candidate
platforms,
early
application
mRNA
was
limited
by
instability
low
efficiency
excessive
immunogenicity
until
successful
development
vaccines
against
SARS-COV-2
broken
technical
bottleneck
preparation,
allowing
prepared
economical
way
good
performance
stability
efficiency.
this
review,
we
systematically
summarized
classification
characteristics
antigens,
general
process
methods
screening
neoantigens,
strategies
preparations
advances
clinical
trials,
well
presented
main
challenges
current
development.
The
remarkable
success
of
messenger
RNA
(mRNA)
vaccines
against
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
coronavirus
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
has
propelled
the
rapid
development
this
vaccination
technology
in
recent
years.
Over
last
three
decades,
numerous
studies
have
shown
considerable
potential
mRNA
that
elicit
protective
immune
responses
pathogens
or
cancers
preclinical
clinical
trials.
These
effective
usually
contain
specific
adjuvants
to
obtain
desired
effect.
Vaccine
traditionally
are
immunopotentiators
bind
pattern
recognition
receptors
(PRRs)
innate
cells
increase
magnitude
achieve
qualitative
alteration
responses,
finally
enhancing
efficacy
vaccines.
Generally,
necessary
parts
competent
According
existing
literature,
can
be
broadly
classified
into
categories:
1)
with
self-adjuvant
characteristics,
2)
components
delivery
system,
and
3)
exogenous
immunostimulants.
This
review
summarizes
types
used
provides
a
comprehensive
understanding
molecular
mechanisms
by
which
exert
their
functions
Vaccines,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
12(2), С. 191 - 191
Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2024
Vaccines
are
essential
tools
to
prevent
infection
and
control
transmission
of
infectious
diseases
that
threaten
public
health.
Most
agents
enter
their
hosts
across
mucosal
surfaces,
which
make
up
key
first
lines
host
defense
against
pathogens.
Mucosal
immune
responses
play
critical
roles
in
provide
durable
better
recall
responses.
Substantial
attention
has
been
focused
on
developing
effective
vaccines
elicit
robust
localized
systemic
by
administration
via
routes.
yield
protection
superior
parenterally
delivered
vaccines.
Beyond
valuable
immunogenicity,
can
be
less
expensive
easier
administer
without
a
need
for
injection
materials
more
highly
trained
personnel.
However,
faces
many
challenges,
much
effort
directed
at
development.
In
this
article,
we
review
the
history
vaccine
development
present
an
overview
compartment
biology
immunity
plays
defending
infection,
knowledge
helped
inform
We
explore
new
progress
design
optimization
novel
approaches
created
improve
efficacy
safety
Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
20(1)
Опубликована: Апрель 15, 2024
Influenza
remains
a
public
health
threat,
partly
due
to
suboptimal
effectiveness
of
vaccines.
One
factor
impacting
vaccine
is
strain
mismatch,
occurring
when
vaccines
no
longer
match
circulating
strains
antigenic
drift
or
the
incorporation
inadvertent
(eg,
egg-adaptive)
mutations
during
manufacturing.
In
this
review,
we
summarize
evidence
for
viruses
and/or
egg-adaptive
in
2011-2020
influenza
seasons.
Evidence
suggests
that
led
mismatch
four
seasons
and
caused
six
These
findings
highlight
need
alternative
development
platforms.
Recently,
based
on
mRNA
technology
have
demonstrated
efficacy
against
SARS-CoV-2
respiratory
syncytial
virus
are
under
clinical
evaluation
seasonal
influenza.
We
discuss
potential
address
as
well
new
multi-component
strategies
using
platform
improve
effectiveness.
ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2025
Nanomedicine
is
revolutionizing
precision
medicine,
providing
targeted,
personalized
treatment
options.
Lipid-based
nanomedicines
offer
distinct
benefits
including
high
potency,
targeted
delivery,
extended
retention
in
the
body,
reduced
toxicity,
and
lower
required
doses.
These
characteristics
make
lipid-based
nanoparticles
ideal
for
drug
delivery
areas
such
as
gene
therapy,
cancer
treatment,
mRNA
vaccines.
However,
traditional
bulk
synthesis
methods
LNPs
often
produce
larger
particle
sizes,
significant
polydispersity,
low
encapsulation
efficiency,
which
can
reduce
therapeutic
effectiveness.
issues
primarily
result
from
uneven
mixing
limited
control
over
formation
during
synthesis.
Microfluidic
technology
has
emerged
a
solution,
precise
size,
uniformity,
efficiency.
In
this
mini
review,
we
introduce
state-of-the-art
microfluidic
systems
nanoparticle
functionalization.
We
include
working
principles
of
different
types
systems,
use
LNP
synthesis,
cargo
encapsulation,
nanomedicine
delivery.
end,
briefly
discuss
clinical
enabled
by
devices.
Cancers,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
13(15), С. 3667 - 3667
Опубликована: Июль 21, 2021
As
the
initiators
of
adaptive
immune
responses,
DCs
play
a
central
role
in
regulating
balance
between
CD8
T
cell
immunity
versus
tolerance
to
tumor
antigens.
Exploiting
their
function
potentiate
host
anti-tumor
immunity,
DC-based
vaccines
have
been
one
most
promising
and
widely
used
cancer
immunotherapies.
However,
not
achieved
promised
success
clinical
trials,
with
major
obstacles
being
tumor-mediated
immunosuppression.
A
recent
discovery
on
critical
type
1
conventional
(cDC1s)
cross-priming
tumor-specific
cells
determining
efficacy
immunotherapies,
however,
has
highlighted
need
further
develop
refine
either
as
monotherapies
or
combination
other
therapies.
DC-derived
exosomes
(DCexos)
heralded
alternative
vaccines,
DCexos
are
more
resistance
suppression
DCexo
exhibited
better
pre-clinical
animal
models.
only
limited
failed
induce
responses
trials.
The
lack
might
be
partly
due
fact
that
all
current
trials
peptide-loaded
from
monocyte-derived
DCs.
In
this
review,
we
will
focus
perspective
expanding
research
move
forward
clinically
realize
potential
immunotherapy.
Annual Review of Medicine,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
73(1), С. 41 - 54
Опубликована: Окт. 5, 2021
The
worldwide
pandemic
of
coronavirus
disease
2019
(COVID-19)
caused
by
severe
acute
respiratory
syndrome
2
(SARS-CoV-2)
has
led
to
the
unprecedented
pace
development
multiple
vaccines.
This
review
evaluates
how
adenovirus
(Ad)
vector
platforms
have
been
leveraged
in
response
this
pandemic.
Ad
vectors
used
past
for
vaccines
against
other
viruses,
most
notably
HIV
and
Ebola,
but
they
never
produced,
distributed,
or
administered
humans
at
such
a
large
scale.
Several
different
serotypes
Ads
encoding
SARS-CoV-2
Spike
tested
found
be
efficacious
COVID-19.
As
vaccine
rollouts
continue
number
people
receiving
these
increases,
we
will
learn
about
platform
COVID-19
prevention
control.
Frontiers in Immunology,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
13
Опубликована: Май 26, 2022
Immunotherapy
has
become
the
breakthrough
strategies
for
treatment
of
cancer
in
recent
years.
The
application
messenger
RNA
immunotherapy
is
gaining
tremendous
popularity
as
mRNA
can
function
an
effective
vector
delivery
therapeutic
antibodies
on
immune
targets.
high
efficacy,
decreased
toxicity,
rapid
manufacturing
and
safe
administration
vaccines
have
great
advantages
over
conventional
vaccines.
unprecedent
success
against
infection
proved
its
effectiveness.
However,
instability
inefficient
cast
a
shadow
wide
this
approach.
In
past
decades,
modifications
structure
methods
been
made
to
solve
these
questions.
This
review
summarizes
advancements
existing
challenges
clinical
application,
providing
insights
future
optimization
successful
cancer.
