bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2025
The
human
nephron
is
a
highly
patterned
tubular
structure.
It
develops
specialized
cells
that
regulate
bodily
fluid
homeostasis,
blood
pressure,
and
urine
secretion
throughout
life.
Approximately
1
million
nephrons
form
in
each
kidney
during
embryonic
fetal
development,
but
how
they
develop
poorly
understood.
Here
we
interrogate
axial
patterning
mechanisms
the
using
an
iPSC-derived
organoid
system
generates
hundreds
of
developmentally
synchronized
nephrons,
compare
it
to
vivo
development
single
cell
spatial
transcriptomic
approaches.
We
show
controlled
by
integrated
WNT/BMP/FGF
signaling.
Imposing
WNT
ON
/BMP
OFF
state
established
distal
identity
matures
into
thick
ascending
loop
Henle
endogenously
activating
FGF.
Simultaneous
suppression
FGF
signaling
switches
back
proximal
cell-state,
transformation
itself
dependent
on
BMP
signal
transduction.
Our
highlights
plasticity
patterning,
delineates
roles
WNT,
FGF,
mediated
controlling
paves
way
for
generating
demand.
Journal of Materials Chemistry B,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
11(28), С. 6466 - 6477
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
Nanozymes
face
challenges
in
creating
high-performance
variants
quickly.
Machine
learning
shows
promise
addressing
this
obstacle
by
predicting
the
activity,
selectivity,
catalytic
mechanisms,
optimal
structures,
and
other
features
of
nanozymes.
ABSTRACT
Recent
years
have
seen
exciting
progress
across
human
embryo
research,
including
new
methods
for
culturing
embryos,
transcriptional
profiling
of
embryogenesis
and
gastrulation,
mapping
lineage
trajectories,
experimenting
on
stem
cell-based
models.
These
advances
are
beginning
to
define
the
dynamical
principles
development
stages,
tissues
organs,
enabling
a
better
understanding
before
birth
in
health
disease,
potentially
leading
improved
treatments
infertility
developmental
disorders.
However,
there
still
significant
roadblocks
en
route
this
goal.
Here,
we
highlight
technical
challenges
studying
early
propose
ways
means
overcome
some
these
constraints.
The
generation
of
the
post-cranial
embryonic
body
relies
on
coordinated
production
spinal
cord
neurectoderm
and
presomitic
mesoderm
cells
from
neuromesodermal
progenitors
(NMPs).
This
process
is
orchestrated
by
pro-neural
pro-mesodermal
transcription
factors
that
are
co-expressed
in
NMPs
together
with
Hox
genes,
which
critical
for
axial
allocation
NMP
derivatives.
reside
a
posterior
growth
region,
marked
expression
Wnt,
FGF
Notch
signalling
components.
While
importance
Wnt
influencing
induction
differentiation
well
established,
precise
role
remains
unclear.
Here,
we
show
Wnt/FGF-driven
human
stem
(hESCs)
signalling.
Using
hESC-derived
chick
embryo
grafting,
demonstrate
directs
character
at
expense
neural
fate.
We
also
contributes
to
activation
HOX
gene
NMPs,
partly
non-cell-autonomous
manner.
Finally,
provide
evidence
exerts
its
effects
via
establishment
negative
feedback
loop
Cell,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
187(14), С. 3461 - 3495
Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2024
Developmental
biology-the
study
of
the
processes
by
which
cells,
tissues,
and
organisms
develop
change
over
time-has
entered
a
new
golden
age.
After
molecular
genetics
revolution
in
80s
90s
diversification
field
early
21st
century,
we
have
phase
when
powerful
technologies
provide
approaches
open
unexplored
avenues.
Progress
has
been
accelerated
advances
genomics,
imaging,
engineering,
computational
biology
emerging
model
systems
ranging
from
tardigrades
to
organoids.
We
summarize
how
revolutionary
led
remarkable
progress
understanding
animal
development.
describe
classic
questions
gene
regulation,
pattern
formation,
morphogenesis,
organogenesis,
stem
cell
are
being
revisited.
discuss
connections
development
with
evolution,
self-organization,
metabolism,
time,
ecology.
speculate
developmental
might
evolve
an
era
synthetic
biology,
artificial
intelligence,
human
engineering.
Chinese Medical Journal,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 25, 2025
Abstract
The
high
failure
rates
in
clinical
drug
development
based
on
animal
models
highlight
the
urgent
need
for
more
representative
human
biomedical
research.
In
response
to
this
demand,
organoids
and
organ
chips
were
integrated
greater
physiological
relevance
dynamic,
controlled
experimental
conditions.
This
innovative
platform—the
organoids-on-a-chip
technology—shows
great
promise
disease
modeling,
discovery,
personalized
medicine,
attracting
interest
from
researchers,
clinicians,
regulatory
authorities,
industry
stakeholders.
review
traces
evolution
organoids-on-a-chip,
driven
by
necessity
advanced
biological
models.
We
summarize
applications
of
simulating
pathological
phenotypes
therapeutic
evaluation
technology.
section
highlights
how
integrating
technologies
chips,
such
as
microfluidic
systems,
mechanical
stimulation,
sensor
integration,
optimizes
organoid
cell
types,
spatial
structure,
functions,
thereby
expanding
their
applications.
conclude
addressing
current
challenges
offering
insights
into
prospects.
advancement
is
poised
enhance
fidelity,
standardization,
scalability.
Furthermore,
integration
cutting-edge
interdisciplinary
collaborations
will
be
crucial
progression
