Strategies
for
recycling
spent
electric
vehicle
(EV)
batteries
offer
the
possibility
of
a
sustainable
supply
such
metals.
In
this
research,
we
address
decision
making
EV
battery
reverse
chain
based
on
risk
aversion.
The
channel,
consisting
collector
and
recycler,
resembles
Stackelberg
decision-making
game,
where
latter
is
leader
with
sufficient
channel
power
over
former.
As
faces
great
uncertainty
recycled
metal
prices,
leader,
i.e.,
averse.
Taking
into
account
refined
metals'
prices
attitude
develop
analytical
models
to
analyze
optimal
decisions
members.
are
validated
using
case-based
real
data
collected
from
an
recycler
in
Shenzhen,
China.
Our
study
shows
that
progressive
transfer
price
scheme
returned
between
can
motivate
achieve
same
return
rate
as
centrally
coordinated
channel.
We
also
show
degree
aversion
volatility
major
metals
affect
well
profits
Insights
policy
makers
discussed.
practice,
Decision
Support
System
(DSS)
has
been
developed
company
by
implementing
pricing
scheme.
Computers & Industrial Engineering,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
195, С. 110423 - 110423
Опубликована: Июль 30, 2024
This
study
addresses
a
comparative
analysis
of
carbon
emissions
policies
and
optimal
decisions
in
competitive
closed-loop
supply
chains.
It
examines
three
policy
scenarios:
single
tax,
cap-and-trade,
mixed
policy.
Competitive
intensity,
the
degree
competition
among
manufacturers,
product
recycling
rate,
key
element
chains,
can
impact
A
chain
system
is
constructed,
consisting
two
manufacturers
shared
retailer.
We
employ
decentralized
decision-making
approach,
with
Cournot
game
between
Stackelberg
The
considers
impacts
trading
price,
rate
on
total
profit.
results
demonstrate
that
yield
superior
economic
environmental
benefits
compared
tax
Mixed
are
likely
to
be
relatively
less
profitable
most
cases
than
cap-and-trade
Notably,
when
quota
exceeds
certain
threshold,
surpasses
both
economically
environmentally.
extends
previous
research
by
examining
various
findings
offer
insights
into
strategies
for
reducing
emissions,
which
policymakers
managers.
Finally,
it
suggests
enterprises
should
consider
balance
goals.
Sustainability,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
17(3), С. 1042 - 1042
Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2025
Cap-and-trade
is
widely
recognized
as
an
effective
mechanism
for
curbing
carbon
emissions,
and
it
significantly
influences
the
operational
decisions
within
supply
chains.
This
study
investigates
a
three-echelon
closed-loop
chain
(CLSC)
consisting
of
one
original
equipment
manufacturer,
traditional
retailer,
independent
third-party
collector.
The
manufacturer
invests
in
cleaner
technologies
to
produce
green
products
remanufactures
new
from
used
items
recycled
by
Considering
different
channel
power
structures,
three
Stackelberg
game
models
are
developed,
their
optimal
solutions
derived
using
backward
induction.
Additionally,
combined
effects
remanufacturing-related
carbon-related
parameters
on
economic
environmental
benefits
well
social
welfare
investigated
under
settings.
Moreover,
results
validated
via
numerical
simulation.
findings
indicate
that:
(1)
Each
member
incentivized
act
leader
role
CLSC
maximize
profits.
(2)
A
loose
cap-and-trade
regulation
conducive
enhancing
emission
abatement
rate,
collection
overall
performance
CLSC.
(3)
retailer-led
model
best
option
capturing
more
welfare,
while
third
party-led
can
always
achieve
regardless
trading
price.
These
research
provide
valuable
insights
policymakers
decision
makers
engaged
