Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1)

Molecular Metabolism, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 30, С. 72 - 130

Опубликована: Сен. 30, 2019

Background: The glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is a multifaceted hormone with broad pharmacological potential.Among the numerous metabolic effects of GLP-1 are glucose-dependent stimulation insulin secretion, decrease gastric emptying, inhibition food intake, increase natriuresis and diuresis, modulation rodent b-cell proliferation.GLP-1 also has cardio-and neuroprotective effects, decreases inflammation apoptosis, implications for learning memory, reward behavior, palatability.Biochemically modified enhanced potency sustained action, receptor agonists successfully in clinical use treatment type-2 diabetes, several GLP-1-based pharmacotherapies evaluation obesity.Scope review: In this review, we provide detailed overview on nature its pharmacology discuss therapeutic various diseases.Major conclusions: Since discovery, emerged as pleiotropic myriad functions that go well beyond classical identification an incretin hormone.The beneficial render interesting candidate development to treat obesity, neurodegenerative disorders

Язык: Английский

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Mechanisms of Action and Therapeutic Application of Glucagon-like Peptide-1

Cell Metabolism, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 27(4), С. 740 - 756

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Molecular phenomics and metagenomics of hepatic steatosis in non-diabetic obese women

Nature Medicine, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 24(7), С. 1070 - 1080

Опубликована: Июнь 25, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Gut microbiome and aging: Physiological and mechanistic insights

Nutrition and Healthy Aging, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 4(4), С. 267 - 285

Опубликована: Ноя. 7, 2017

The development of human gut microbiota begins as soon the neonate leaves protective environment uterus (or maybe in-utero) and is exposed to innumerable microorganisms from mother well surrounding environment. Concurrently, host responses these microbes during early life manifest an otherwise hitherto immature immune system. microbiome, which comprises extremely diverse complex community inhabiting intestinal tract, keeps on fluctuating different stages life. While deviations are largely natural, inevitable benign, recent studies show that unsolicited perturbations in configuration could have strong impact several features health disease. Our undergoes most prominent infancy old age and, interestingly, our also its weakest unstable state two critical life, indicating develop hand-in-hand. However, mechanisms underlying interactions only now beginning be revealed. present review summarizes evidences related age-associated changes vice-versa, involved this bi-directional relationship, prospective for microbiota-based interventions such probiotics healthy aging.

Язык: Английский

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Anxiety, Depression, and the Microbiome: A Role for Gut Peptides

Neurotherapeutics, Год журнала: 2017, Номер 15(1), С. 36 - 59

Опубликована: Ноя. 13, 2017

Язык: Английский

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Microbial regulation of organismal energy homeostasis

Nature Metabolism, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 1(1), С. 34 - 46

Опубликована: Дек. 30, 2018

Язык: Английский

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Gut microbiota regulates maturation of the adult enteric nervous system via enteric serotonin networks

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Год журнала: 2018, Номер 115(25), С. 6458 - 6463

Опубликована: Июнь 4, 2018

Significance The gut microbiota affects several physiological processes, including motility. Here we observed that germ-free mice have an immature enteric nervous system (ENS) is normalized upon colonization with a normal microbiota. We identified the mechanism of communication between and neurons as initiation serotonin release subsequent activation 5-HT 4 receptor. This demonstrates strong interaction ENS indicates potential mechanisms linking microbial dysbiosis to gastrointestinal disorders. ability modulate microbiota, e.g., by diet, will open new perspectives research in neurogastroenterology.

Язык: Английский

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A Comprehensive Review on the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Human Neurological Disorders

Clinical Microbiology Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 35(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2022

The human body is full of an extensive number commensal microbes, consisting bacteria, viruses, and fungi, collectively termed the microbiome. initial acquisition microbiota occurs from both external maternal environments, vast majority them colonize gastrointestinal tract (GIT). These microbial communities play a central role in maturation development immune system, nervous GIT system are also responsible for essential metabolic pathways. Various factors, including host genetic predisposition, environmental lifestyle, diet, antibiotic or nonantibiotic drug use, etc., affect composition gut microbiota. Recent publications have highlighted that imbalance microflora, known as dysbiosis, associated with onset progression neurological disorders. Moreover, characterization microbiome-host cross talk pathways provides insight into novel therapeutic strategies. Novel preclinical clinical research on interventions related to microbiome treating conditions, autism spectrum disorders, Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's epilepsy, stroke, hold significant promise. This review aims present comprehensive overview potential involvement pathogenesis particular emphasis microbe-based therapies and/or diagnostic biomarkers. discusses health benefits administration probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, synbiotics fecal transplantation

Язык: Английский

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The Influence of the Gut Microbiome on Host Metabolism Through the Regulation of Gut Hormone Release

Frontiers in Physiology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 10

Опубликована: Апрель 16, 2019

The microbial community of the gut conveys significant benefits to host physiology. A clear relationship has now been established between bacteria and metabolism in which microbial-mediated hormone release plays an important role. Within lumen, produce a number metabolites contain structural components that act as signaling molecules cell types within mucosa. Enteroendocrine cells mucosal lining synthesize secrete hormones including CCK, PYY, GLP-1, GIP 5-HT, have regulatory roles key metabolic processes such insulin sensitivity, glucose tolerance, fat storage appetite. Release these can be influenced by presence their such, is component regulation metabolism. Dietary or pharmacological interventions alter microbiome therefore pose potential therapeutics for treatment human disorders. This review aims describe complex interaction intestinal microbiota enteroendocrine cells, highlight how influence through release.

Язык: Английский

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The role of the gut microbiota in development, function and disorders of the central nervous system and the enteric nervous system

Journal of Neuroendocrinology, Год журнала: 2019, Номер 31(5)

Опубликована: Янв. 8, 2019

The gut microbiota has emerged as an environmental factor that modulates the development of central nervous system (CNS) and enteric (ENS). Before obtaining its own microbiota, eutherian foetuses are exposed to products metabolites from maternal microbiota. At birth, infants colonised by microorganisms. microbial composition in early life is strongly influenced mode delivery, feeding method, use antibiotics composition. Microbial microbially produced act signalling molecules have direct or indirect effects on CNS ENS. An increasing number studies show can modulate important processes during development, including neurogenesis, myelination, glial cell function, synaptic pruning blood-brain barrier permeability. Furthermore, numerous indicate there a developmental window which crucial perturbation this period causes long-lasting However, other functions readily modulated adult animals, microglia activation neuroinflammation. Several neurobehavioural, neurodegenerative, mental metabolic disorders, Parkinson disease, autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's depression obesity, been linked This review focuses role microorganisms function ENS, well their potential pathogenesis.

Язык: Английский

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