A primer on global molecular responses to exercise in skeletal muscle: Omics in focus

Journal of sport and health science/Journal of Sport and Health Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 101029 - 101029

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Advances in skeletal muscle omics has expanded our understanding of exercise-induced adaptations at the molecular level. Over past 2 decades, transcriptome studies have detailed acute and chronic responses to resistance, endurance, concurrent exercise, focusing on variables such as training status, nutrition, age, sex, metabolic health profile. Multi-omics approaches, integration transcriptomic epigenetic data, along with emerging ribosomal RNA sequencing advancements, further provided insights into how adapts exercise across lifespan. Downstream transcriptome, proteomic phosphoproteomic identified novel regulators adaptations, while single-cell/nucleus spatial technologies promise evolve cellular specialization communication around cells. This narrative review highlights (a) historical foundations muscle, (b) current research 3 layers cascade (DNA, RNA, protein), (c) applications single-cell study adaptation exercise. Further elaboration muscle's global footprint using multi-omics methods will help researchers practitioners develop more effective targeted approaches improve well athletic performance.

Язык: Английский

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Niche-specific control of tissue function by regulatory T cells—Current challenges and perspectives for targeting metabolic disease

Cell Metabolism, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(2), С. 229 - 239

Опубликована: Янв. 12, 2024

Tissue regulatory T cells (Tregs) exert pivotal functions in both immune and metabolic regulation, maintaining local tissue homeostasis, integrity, function. Accordingly, Tregs play a crucial role controlling obesity-induced inflammation supporting efficient muscle function repair. Depending on the context, are characterized by unique transcriptomes, growth, survival factors cell receptor (TCR) repertoires. This functional specialization offers potential to selectively target context-specific Treg populations, tailoring therapeutic strategies specific niches, thereby minimizing side effects. Here, we discuss challenges perspectives for niche-specific targeting, which holds promise highly precise medical interventions combat disease.

Язык: Английский

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Adipose-tissue Treg cells restrain differentiation of stromal adipocyte precursors to promote insulin sensitivity and metabolic homeostasis

Immunity, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 57(6), С. 1345 - 1359.e5

Опубликована: Апрель 30, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Molecular aspects of the exercise response and training adaptation in skeletal muscle

Free Radical Biology and Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 223, С. 53 - 68

Опубликована: Июль 24, 2024

Skeletal muscle plasticity enables an enormous potential to adapt various internal and external stimuli perturbations. Most notably, changes in contractile activity evoke a massive remodeling of biochemical, metabolic force-generating properties. In recent years, large number signals, sensors, regulators effectors have been implicated these adaptive processes. Nevertheless, our understanding the molecular underpinnings training adaptation remains rudimentary. Specifically, mechanisms that underlie signal integration, output coordination, functional redundancy other complex traits are unknown. fact, it is even unclear how stimulus-dependent specification brought about endurance or resistance exercise. this review, we will provide overview on events describe acute perturbations single exercise bouts. Furthermore, insights into principles long-term adaptation. Finally, current gaps knowledge be identified, strategies for multi-omic –cellular analyses skeletal engaged individual, bouts chronic discussed.

Язык: Английский

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Mouse models for metabolic health research: molecular mechanism of exercise effects on health improvement through adipose tissue remodelling

The Journal of Physiology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Янв. 17, 2025

Exercise provides health benefits to multiple metabolic tissues through complex biological pathways and interactions between organs. However, investigating these mechanisms in humans is still limited, making mouse models extremely useful for exploring exercise-induced changes whole-body metabolism health. In this review, we focus on gaining a broader understanding of the phenotypes molecular induced by exercise models. We first discuss differences adaptations aerobic resistance exercise, compare voluntary wheel running forced treadmill two main methods research mice, show similarities same but different methods, their impact experimental outcomes. The effects phenotypes, including alleviation obesity disorders, involved adipose tissue remodelling browning are explored, as well role gut microbiota mediating physiological responses exercise. Understanding methodological aspects experiments can serve valuable template design future basic physiology will provide strong scientific evidence base optimizing intervention programmes

Язык: Английский

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MIF-ACKR3 causes irreversible fat loss by impairing adipogenesis in cancer cachexia

Cell Metabolism, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Their Exocytotic Vesicles

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(3), С. 2085 - 2085

Опубликована: Янв. 20, 2023

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), as a kind of pluripotent cells, have attracted much attention in orthopedic diseases, geriatric metabolic and sports functions due to their osteogenic potential, chondrogenic differentiation ability, adipocyte differentiation. Anti-inflammation, anti-fibrosis, angiogenesis promotion, neurogenesis, immune regulation, secreted growth factors, proteases, hormones, cytokines, chemokines MSCs been widely studied liver kidney cardiovascular cerebrovascular diseases. In recent years, many studies shown that the extracellular vesicles similar transplantation all above aspects. Here we review research progress exocrine years.

Язык: Английский

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Exploring the heterogeneous targets of metabolic aging at single-cell resolution

Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Single-cell analysis of white adipose tissue reveals the tumor-promoting adipocyte subtypes

Journal of Translational Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 21(1)

Опубликована: Июль 15, 2023

The tumor-adipose microenvironment (TAME) is characterized by the enrichment of adipocytes, and considered a special ecosystem that supports cancer progression. However, heterogeneity diversity adipocytes in TAME remains poorly understood.We conducted single-cell RNA sequencing analysis mouse human white adipose tissue (WAT). We analyzed several adipocyte subtypes to evaluate their relationship potential as prognostic factors for overall survival (OS). drugs are screened using bioinformatics methods. tumor-promoting effects typical subtype breast validated performing vitro functional assays immunohistochemistry (IHC) clinical samples.We profiled comprehensive atlas WAT described characteristics, origins, development, functions interactions with immune cells. Several cancer-associated subtypes, namely DPP4+ visceral ADIPOQ+ subcutaneous adipose, identified. found high levels these associated unfavorable outcomes four adipose-associated cancers. Some including Trametinib, Selumetinib Ulixertinib discovered. Emphatically, knockdown adiponectin receptor 1 (AdipoR1) AdipoR2 impaired proliferation invasion Patients AdipoR2-high display significantly shorter relapse-free (RFS) than those AdipoR2-low cancer.Our results provide novel understanding at level. Based on our findings, have negative impact prognosis. These may serve key predictor targets treatment future.

Язык: Английский

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Molecular Insights From Multiomics Studies of Physical Activity

Diabetes, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 73(2), С. 162 - 168

Опубликована: Янв. 19, 2024

Physical activity confers systemic health benefits and provides powerful protection against disease. There has been tremendous interest in understanding the molecular effectors of exercise that mediate these physiologic effects. The modern growth multiomics technologies—including metabolomics, proteomics, phosphoproteomics, lipidomics, single-cell RNA sequencing, epigenomics—has provided unparalleled opportunities to systematically investigate changes associated with physical on an organism-wide scale. Here, we discuss how technologies provide new insights into effects activity, including integrative responses across organs as well molecules mechanisms mediating tissue communication during exercise. We also highlight critical unanswered questions can now be addressed using high-dimensional tools perspectives fertile future research directions.

Язык: Английский

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