Fighting misinformation among the most vulnerable users
Current Opinion in Psychology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
57, С. 101813 - 101813
Опубликована: Март 18, 2024
Misinformation
undermines
trust
in
the
integrity
of
democratic
elections,
safety
vaccines,
and
authenticity
footage
from
war
zones.
Social
scientists
have
proposed
many
solutions
to
reduce
individuals'
demand
for
fake
news,
but
it
is
unclear
how
evaluate
them.
Efficacy
can
mean
that
an
intervention
increases
discernment
(the
ability
distinguish
true
false
content),
works
over
a
delay,
scales
up,
engages
users.
I
argue
experts
should
also
consider
differences
exposure
prevalence
before
declaring
success.
Misleading
content
makes
up
small
fraction
average
person's
news
diet,
some
groups
are
at
increased
risk
–
conservatives
older
adults
see
share
most
news.
Targeting
whole
population
(universal
prevention)
could
concentrate
benefits
among
users
who
already
least
misinformation
begin
with.
In
complement
these
approaches,
we
design
interventions
people
need
them
(selective
prevention),
as
well
shared
low-quality
(indicated
prevention).
Язык: Английский
Susceptibility to online misinformation: A systematic meta-analysis of demographic and psychological factors
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
121(47)
Опубликована: Ноя. 12, 2024
Nearly
five
billion
people
use
and
receive
news
through
social
media
there
is
widespread
concern
about
the
negative
consequences
of
misinformation
on
(e.g.,
election
interference,
vaccine
hesitancy).
Despite
a
burgeoning
body
research
misinformation,
it
remains
largely
unclear
who
susceptible
to
why.
To
address
this,
we
conducted
systematic
individual
participant
data
meta-analysis
covering
256,337
unique
choices
made
by
11,561
US-based
participants
across
31
experiments.
Our
reveals
impact
key
demographic
psychological
factors
online
veracity
judgments.
We
also
disentangle
ability
discern
between
true
false
(discrimination
ability)
from
response
bias,
that
is,
tendency
label
as
either
(true-news
bias)
or
(false-news
bias).
Across
all
studies,
were
well
above-chance
accurate
for
both
(68.51%)
(67.24%)
headlines.
find
older
age,
higher
analytical
thinking
skills,
identifying
Democrat
are
associated
with
discrimination
ability.
Additionally,
age
skills
false-news
bias
(caution).
In
contrast,
ideological
congruency
(alignment
participants’
ideology
news),
motivated
reflection
(higher
being
greater
effect),
self-reported
familiarity
true-news
(naïvety).
experiments
MTurk
show
than
those
Lucid.
Displaying
sources
alongside
headlines
improved
ability,
Republicans
benefiting
more
source
display.
results
provide
critical
insights
can
help
inform
design
targeted
interventions.
Язык: Английский
Spotting false news and doubting true news: a systematic review and meta-analysis of news judgements
Nature Human Behaviour,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 21, 2025
Язык: Английский
People at-risk of an Eating Disorder are more likely to endorse dietary misinformation claims and hold rigid beliefs
Journal of Health Psychology,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Март 17, 2025
People
are
exposed
to
misinformation
about
dieting
practices
every
day
on
social
media
which
can
influence
their
health
and
wellbeing.
While
research
has
largely
focused
general
vulnerabilities
strategies
counteract
its
spread,
limited
work
examined
how
specific
harmful
content,
such
as
dietary
misinformation,
influences
vulnerable
groups,
particularly
those
at
risk
of
eating
disorders
(EDs).
This
study
investigated
whether
individuals
an
ED
were
more
likely
endorse
Dietary
Misinformation.
After
completing
measures
intentions,
conscientiousness
weight
concern,
215
participants
completed
a
behavioural
measure
belief
rigidity
(i.e.
Bias
Against
Disconfirmatory
Evidence;
BADE),
diet-specific
susceptibility.
The
findings
suggest
that
who
score
highly
concern
(ie,
potentially
for
ED),
less
show
flexibility
integrate
new
evidence
inclined
misinformation.
highlights
the
broader
importance
drawing
attention
particular
online
affect
wellbeing
in
this
case
risk.
Язык: Английский
Exposure to Higher Rates of False News Erodes Media Trust and Fuels Overconfidence
Mass Communication & Society,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown, С. 1 - 25
Опубликована: Авг. 7, 2024
In
two
online
experiments
(N
=
2,735),
we
investigated
whether
forced
exposure
to
high
proportions
of
false
news
could
have
deleterious
effects
by
sowing
confusion
and
fueling
distrust
in
news.
a
between-subjects
design
where
U.S.
participants
rated
the
accuracy
true
news,
manipulated
headlines
were
exposed
(17%,
33%,
50%,
66%,
83%).
We
found
that
higher
decreased
trust
but
did
not
affect
participants'
perceived
headlines.
While
had
no
effect
on
overall
ability
discern
between
they
made
more
overconfident
their
discernment
ability.
Therefore,
may
increasing
belief
falsehoods,
overconfidence
eroding
Although
are
only
able
shed
light
one
causal
pathway,
from
environment
attitudes,
this
can
help
us
better
understand
external
or
supply-side
changes
quality.
Язык: Английский
Reduce blind spots to improve news discernment? Performance feedback reduces confidence but does not improve subsequent discernment
Опубликована: Фев. 28, 2024
The
public’s
ability
to
discern
the
veracity
of
news
has
attracted
substantial
interest.
Lack
metacognitive
awareness
(i.e.,
knowing
one’s
skill
level)
is
one
barrier
improving
this
set.
Performance
feedback
could
reduce
overconfidence
and
spur
differential
responding,
or
adopting
a
new
evaluation
strategy,
by
providing
such
information.
We
randomized
provision
(with
message
determined
respondent’s
actual
performance
in
preliminary
headline
task)
test
proposition
(N
=
1,846).
found
that
reduced
confidence
--
similar
extent
for
both
below
above
average
performers.
However,
did
not
translate
into
improved
on
subsequent
discernment
task.
Notably,
when
re-contacted
1
week
later
668),
main
effect
persisted.
These
results
suggest
although
relative
may
target
self-assessments,
more
constructive
be
required
improve
performance.
Язык: Английский
Susceptibility to Online Misinformation: A Systematic Meta-Analysis of Demographic and Psychological Factors
Опубликована: Май 3, 2024
Nearly
five
billion
people
use
and
receive
news
through
social
media
there
is
widespread
concern
about
the
negative
consequences
of
misinformation
on
(e.g.,
election
interference,
vaccine
hesitancy).
Despite
a
burgeoning
body
research
misinformation,
it
remains
largely
unclear
who
susceptible
to
why.
To
address
this,
we
conducted
systematic
individual
participant
data
meta-analysis
covering
256,337
unique
choices
made
by
11,561
US-based
participants
across
31
experiments.
Our
reveals
impact
key
demographic
psychological
factors
online
veracity
judgments.
We
also
disentangle
ability
discern
between
true
false
(discrimination
ability)
from
response
bias,
that
is,
tendency
label
as
either
(true-news
bias)
or
(false-news
bias).
Across
all
studies,
were
well
above-chance
accurate
for
both
(68.51%)
(67.24%)
headlines.
find
older
age,
higher
analytical
thinking
skills,
identifying
Democrat
are
associated
with
discrimination
ability.
Additionally,
age
skills
false-news
bias
(caution).
In
contrast,
ideological
congruency
(alignment
participants’
ideology
news),
motivated
reflection
(higher
being
greater
effect),
self-reported
familiarity
true-news
(naïvety).
experiments
MTurk
show
than
those
Lucid.
Displaying
sources
alongside
headlines
improved
ability,
Republicans
benefiting
more
source
display.
results
provide
critical
insights
can
help
inform
design
targeted
interventions.
Язык: Английский
Prevalence and intervention strategies of health misinformation among older adults: A meta-analysis
Journal of Health Psychology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2024
The
rapid
expansion
of
the
Internet
and
social
media
has
intensified
spread
health
misinformation,
posing
significant
risks,
especially
for
older
adults.
This
meta-analysis
synthesizes
evidence
on
prevalence
interventions
misinformation
among
Our
findings
reveal
a
high
rate
47%
(95%
CI
[33%,
60%]),
surpassing
recent
estimates.
Offline
research
settings
have
higher
misinformation.
Despite
methodological
variances,
remains
consistent
across
different
measures
development
levels.
Interventions
show
effectiveness
(Hedges’
g
=
0.76,
95%
[0.25,
1.26]),
with
graphic-based
approaches
outperforming
video-based
ones.
These
results
underscore
urgent
need
tailored,
large-scale
to
mitigate
adverse
impacts
Further
should
focus
refining
intervention
strategies
extending
studies
underrepresented
regions
populations.
Язык: Английский
An Inductive Learning Intervention to Improve News Veracity Discernment
Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2024
Across
three
preregistered
experiments
(total
N
=
1,135),
we
tested
whether
an
inductive
learning
(IL)
intervention
improved
participants’
ability
to
distinguish
between
true
and
false
news.
IL
involves
categories
by
observing
or
classifying
exemplars.
Therefore,
in
this
research,
involved
news
headlines
them
as
either
“true”
“false”,
with
immediate
feedback
on
accuracy.
In
each
experiment,
participants
took
part
control
condition,
the
latter
of
which
no
training
playing
Pac-Man.
To
test
headlines,
a
final
was
administered
where
all
rated
veracity
were
different
from
those
used
during
IL,
scale
1
(high
confidence
false)
6
true).
Experiment
(N
214),
significantly
discernment
compared
control,
but
Bayesian
evidence
only
anecdotal.
2
483),
incorporated
game-design
elements
into
intervention,
including
performance-contingent
badges.
Unexpectedly,
effect
decreased.
We
reasoned
that,
because
easy-to-hard
training,
provision
badges
inadvertently
made
more
aware
their
declining
performance.
This
awareness
may
have
undermined
motivation
learn
progressed.
3
438),
implemented
hard-to-easy
instead,
resulted
improving
discernment,
now
strong
evidence.
Язык: Английский