Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
9, С. 100637 - 100637
Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2024
Palm
oil
mill
effluent
(POME)
has
a
high
concentration
of
organic
matter
and
total
suspended
solids.
However,
improper
disposal
refining
wastes
containing
oils,
fats,
sludge
can
cause
environmental
damage
harm
human
health
due
to
their
toxic,
carcinogenic,
polluting
effects.
This
research
was
carried
out
solve
the
harmful
effects
caused
by
release
POME
environment.
The
goal
this
study
isolate
naturally
occurring
bacterium
that
could
degrade
use
it
as
single
carbon
source.
Bacteria
were
isolated
from
POME-contaminated
medium
using
an
enrichment
technique.
Judging
16S
rRNA
partial
gene
sequencing,
morphological,
biochemical,
molecular
identification
methods,
bacteria
identified
novel
Bacillus
sp.
substrate
concentration,
inoculum
size,
pH,
temperature,
incubation
time
on
bacterial
growth
investigated
"one
factor
at
time"
(OFAT)
approach.
optimal
conditions
for
bacterium's
found
be
pH
7.5,
35
°C,
20
%
v/v
6
96
hours
incubation.
is
capable
reducing
84
COD
91
BOD
sample.
degradation
potential
suggests
used
good
option
bioremediation
POME-polluted
areas.
Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
9, С. 100608 - 100608
Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2024
Chlorpyrifos,
being
a
frequently
used
organophosphate
pesticide
poses
significant
threat
to
human
health
due
its
prolonged
presence
in
soil,
plants,
and
water,
this
has
raised
concern.
Consequently,
researchers
have
shifted
their
attention
towards
finding
methods
mitigate
toxicity
or
eliminate
it
from
the
environment.
This
highlighted
importance
of
bioremediation.
study
was
aimed
at
analyzing
characterizing
metabolites
chlorpyrifos
degradation
by
Bacillus
sp.
strain
UPMB10
isolated
polluted
environment
using
Gas
Chromatography-Mass
Spectrometry.
The
bacteria
were
successfully
utilizing
enrichment
technique
mineral
salt
media,
followed
screening
obtain
best
isolate.
Identification
isolate
done
morphological,
biochemical,
molecular
levels,
with
focus
on
16S
rRNA
gene.
Phylogenetic
analysis
revealed
close
relationship
between
bacterium
UPMB10.
Optimization
(One
Factor
A
Time)
determine
growth
conditions
optimal
obtained
include,
incubation
time
48
hours,
substrate
concentration
4
g/L,
pH
7.0,
temperature
37
°C,
an
inoculum
size
2
%
(v/v),
these
quantitative
data
valuable
insights
into
factors
affecting
efficient
pesticide.
Spectrometry
demonstrated
that
achieved
remarkable
efficiency
99
after
hours
incubation.
Notably,
Mesitylene
Dimethylmalonic
acid
as
some
degradation.
result
provides
insight
transformation
products
generated
during
process.
exhibits
capacity
for
degradation,
making
promising
candidate
bioremediation
insecticides
acaricides.
Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
9, С. 100650 - 100650
Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2024
Fungal
processes
for
the
treatment
of
dye
contaminated
wastewater
have
advantage
being
cost-effective,
environmentally
friendly,
and
producing
less
sludge.
This
research
was
therefore
aimed
at
isolating
characterizing
fungus
capable
decolourizing
utilizing
azo
(dimethyl
yellow)
as
a
sole
carbon
source
using
one-factor-at-a-time.
Pour
plating
method
used
to
isolate
on
mineral
salt
media
(MSM)
following
serial
dilution.
The
then
morphologically
molecularly
identified
Aspergillus
quadrilineatus
strain
BUK_BCH_BTE1
with
accession
number
OK178927
based
ITS1
ITS2
rRNA
gene
sequence
molecular
phylogenetic
analysis.
Characterization
conducted
by
studying
effect
temperature,
incubation
time,
substrate
concentration,
pH,
inoculum
size
heavy
metals.
decolourization
growth
dimethyl
yellow
isolated
optimal
concentration
200
μɡ/mL,
temperature
30
°C,
100–200
μL
size,
pH
5.0,
72-hour
time.
found
tolerate
up
4
ppm
Hg,
Cu
Zn,
maximum
inhibition
shown
Cr
Ar.
LC/MS
analyses
intermediate
compounds
produced
during
suggested
that
in
fungal
biodegradation
detected
formation
yellow,
2,6-dichloro-p-benzoquinone,
1,2,3,5-tetrafluoro-4-nitrobenzene,
3,4-dinitrobenzoic
acid
metabolites.
finding
from
this
study
is
suitable
candidate
bioremediation
coloured
effluents
particularly
containing
these
compounds.
The Microbe,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
3, С. 100087 - 100087
Опубликована: Май 13, 2024
Pollution
of
the
environment
by
heavy
metals
and
other
toxic
substances
has
increasingly
become
a
global
health
concern.
Lead
is
hazardous
environmental
contaminant
that
been
released
to
surface
causing
deleterious
effects
man.
Various
strategies
have
employed
such
as
excavation,
precipitation,
vitrification
remove
lead
from
polluted
sites.
However,
bioremediation
metal
contaminated
sites
served
cost-effective
ecofriendly
tool
for
detoxifying
restoration
ecological
entities.
In
this
study,
we
reported
isolation
optimization
two
novel
lead-resistant
isolates
active
goldmine
site
Anka,
Zamfara
state
Nigeria.
Results
Atomic
Absorption
Spectroscopy
(AAS)
showed
higher
concentration
sampled
(p<0.05)
than
USEPA
standard
(400
mg/Kg).
Paenebacillus
sp.
strain
BUK_BCH_BTE
3
(MT160418)
Bacillus
4
(MT160452)
were
identified
based
on
16
S
rRNA
partial
gene
sequencing
locally
isolated
microorganisms.
Characterization
revealed
optimum
growth
at
37
°C,
pH
7.0
over
48
hrs
while
utilizing
inoculum
volumes
100
µL
each.
The
utilized
sucrose
concentrations
10-20
g/L,
5
g/L
nitrogen
source
urea
well
respectively.
An
optimal
1000
was
obtained
both
isolates.
Furthermore,
tolerated
up
3000
mg/L
nitrate.
Mercury,
metal,
noticed
hinder
significantly
p<0.05.
Hence,
could
be
used
promising
tools
lead-contaminated
environment.
Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
9, С. 100576 - 100576
Опубликована: Дек. 4, 2023
Herbal
remedies
are
alternative
option
for
the
treatment,
management,
and
prevention
of
different
disease
conditions
such
as
malaria
in
most
African
communities
due
to
their
easy
access
economic
advantages.
Heavy
metals
contaminations
from
plant
ingredients,
processing
or
anthropogenic
activities
may
render
herbal
harmful
human
consumption.
Therefore,
risk
assessment
contaminating
antioxidant
were
determined
Agbo,
a
popular
anti-malarial
herbs
mixture
sold
Kano.
The
samples
collected
locations
across
Kano
State
labelled
A,
B,
C.
concentrations
some
cancer-causing
(Cadmium
Cd;
Lead
Pb
Chromium
Cr)
non-cancer-causing
Copper
Cu;
Nickel,
Ni
sample
evaluated.
properties
also
evaluated
using
various
assays,
which
include
2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
(DPPH),
hydrogen
peroxide
(H2O2)
scavenging
actions,
Metal
Chelating,
phosphomolybdate
test
Reducing
power
Agbo.
Some
phytochemicals
(Phenolic
acids,
flavonoids,
tannins,
saponins
alkaloids)
found
be
present.
values
predicting
probability
developing
cancer
ailment
after
ceaseless
consumption
mixtures
was
higher
than
standard
threshold
limit
(>10−4)
established
by
USEPA.
While
non-cancer
predicted
index
projected
Cr,
Cd
(from
B)
leading
metal
pollutants
posing
more
one
(>1),
while
A
C)
showed
relative
safe
quotient.
IC50
value
reducing
exhibiting
almost
same
with
C
having
highest
(IC50
6.32
μg/mL),
followed
B
6.36
μg/mL)
6.39
μg/mL).
This
suggests
that
excess
this
generally
beneficial
health-wise
but
unsafe
heavy
could
expose
consumers
probable
risks
other
biological
process
distraction.
Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
9, С. 100604 - 100604
Опубликована: Дек. 30, 2023
In
the
agricultural
sector,
a
class
of
chemical
compounds
known
as
chlorinated
phenol
and
phenoxyacetic
acid
are
employed
herbicides,
wood
preservatives,
pesticides.
Certain
groups
used
herbicides
for
domestic
application.
They
listed
priority
pollutants
by
United
States
Environmental
Protection
Agency
(USEPA).
Thus,
this
study
focuses
on
bacterial
isolation
2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic
herbicide
degradation
been
toxic
contaminant
that
hinders
quality
soil
over
time,
availability
certain
microbes,
non-targeted
plants
poses
health
risk
even
to
humans
such
Hodking's
lymphoma,
respiratory
infections
e.t.c.
These
therefore,
make
it
necessary
search
scientific
way
dealing
with
from
our
environments.
Incubation
substrate
concentration,
pH,
temperature,
inoculum
size
in
mineral
salt
medium
were
all
parameters
tested
during
study,
while
(2,4-D)
was
alternative
source
carbon.
Following
systemic
dilution
sample
medium,
three
isolates
(D1,
D2,
D3),
isolated
subjected
lots
screening.
D2
proven
be
best.
During
molecular
identification
involves
polymerase
chain
reaction,
gel
electrophoresis,
sequence
alignment
phylogentic
analysis,
bacteria
found
Achromobacter
xylosoxidans.
The
isolate
grew
degraded
at
optimum
conditions
96
h
incubation
0.72g
L−1
7.5
40
°C
400
μg/L
size.
High
Performance
Liquid
Chromatography
(HPLC)
analysis
residual
standard
solution
probe
able
degrade
up
95.38
%
indicating
great
potentiality
bioremediation
polluted
environments
thereby,
reducing
if
not
eliminating
these
contaminants
surroundings.
Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
9, С. 100609 - 100609
Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2024
λ-cyhalothrin
(LC),
a
frequently
used
synthetic
pyrethroid
insecticide,
poses
substantial
risk
to
human
health
and
the
environment
due
its
prolonged
presence
in
plants,
soil,
water.
This
study
aimed
identify
characterize
bacteria
with
ability
degrade
utilize
as
their
sole
carbon
energy
source.
The
were
isolated
by
employing
an
enrichment
technique
on
mineral
salt
media
through
series
of
dilution
steps.
Strain
underwent
identification
morphological,
biochemical,
molecular
analyses,
specifically
16S
rRNA
phylogenetic
analysis,
which
disclosed
classification
Bacillus
sp.
With
accession
number
OR133746.
Physio-cultural
conditions,
including
temperature,
initial
substrate
concentration,
pH,
incubation
time
inoculum
size
affecting
strain's
activity
investigated
MSM
using
one-variable-at-a-time
approach.
optimal
conditions
for
bacterial
growth
degradation
was
found
be
concentration
6
g/L,
temperature
30
°C,
pH
6.5,
96
hours.
results
Gravimetric
analysis
revealed
that
selected
isolate
exhibited
notable
rates
75.4
%
100
after
72
hours
incubation,
respectively.
These
findings
highlight
exceptional
efficiency
strain
degrading
λ-cyhalothrin.
Consequently,
this
emerges
promising
candidate
tackling
pollution
attributed
bioremediation
processes.
Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
9, С. 100565 - 100565
Опубликована: Ноя. 28, 2023
Environmental
contamination,
primarily
driven
by
human
activities
such
as
industrialization,
urbanization,
and
agricultural
practices,
has
led
to
the
accumulation
of
heavy
metals,
particularly
molybdenum,
in
urban
soils.
This
contamination
adversely
affects
plant
growth,
food
security,
poses
health
risks.
study
explores
bioreduction
potential
Bacillus
cereus
strain
BUK_BCH_BTE1
transforming
toxic
hexavalent
molybdate
molybdenum
blue
which
is
a
less
state.
The
bacterium
was
isolated
from
soil
Nigeria
identified
through
16S
rRNA
sequencing.
Factors
influencing
reduction
were
optimized,
including
carbon
nitrogen
sources,
molybdate,
phosphate
concentrations.
Glucose
found
be
most
effective
source,
while
ammonium
sulfate
preferred
source.
Molybdate
efficient
at
concentration
20
mM,
approximately
3.5
mM
optimal.
These
findings
contribute
understanding
its
application
addressing
metal
pollution
environment.
shows
promise
an
agent
for
bioreduction,
with
implications
mitigating
environmental
hazards
associated
contamination.
