Relatlimab: a novel drug targeting immune checkpoint LAG-3 in melanoma therapy

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14

Опубликована: Янв. 10, 2024

Relatlimab is a type of human immunoglobulin G4 monoclonal blocking antibody. It the world's first Lymphocyte-Activation Gene-3 (LAG-3) inhibitor and third immune checkpoint with clinical application, following PD-1 CTLA-4. can bind to LAG-3 receptor which blocks interaction between its ligand reduce pathway-mediated immunosuppression promote T-cell proliferation, inducing tumor cell death. On 18 March 2022, U.S. FDA approved fixed-dose combination relatlimab developed by Bristol Myers Squibb nivolumab, under brand name Opdualag for treatment unresectable or metastatic melanoma in adult pediatric patients aged 12 older. This study comprehensively describes mechanism action trials brief overview drugs currently used melanoma.

Язык: Английский

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Parasites revive hope for cancer therapy

European journal of medical research, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 29(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 5, 2024

Язык: Английский

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MXene-Polydopamine-antiCEACAM1 Antibody Complex as a Strategy for Targeted Ablation of Melanoma

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(33), С. 43302 - 43316

Опубликована: Авг. 7, 2024

Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a method for eradicating tumor tissues through the use of photothermal materials and photosensitizing agents that absorb light energy from laser sources convert it into heat, which selectively targets destroys cancer cells while sparing healthy tissue. MXenes have been intensively investigated as PTT. However, achieving selectivity to remains challenge. Specific antibodies (Ab) against antigens can achieve homing toward cells, but their immobilization on MXene received little attention. Here, we offer strategy selective ablation melanoma using MXene-polydopamine-antiCEACAM1 Ab complexes. We coated Ti3C2Tx with polydopamine (PDA), natural compound attaches surface, followed by conjugation an anti-CEACAM1 Ab. Our experiments confirm biocompatibility Ti3C2Tx-PDA Ti3C2Tx-PDA-antiCEACAM1 complexes across various cell types. also established protocol CEACAM1-positive near-infrared irradiation. The obtained exhibit high efficiency in targeting eliminating CEACAM1-negative cells. These results demonstrate potential MXene-PDA-Ab therapy. They underline critical role targeted therapies oncology, offering promising avenue precise safe treatment possibly other cancers characterized specific biomarkers. Future research will aim refine these clinical use, paving way new strategies treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Advances in Melanoma: From Genetic Insights to Therapeutic Innovations

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 12(8), С. 1851 - 1851

Опубликована: Авг. 14, 2024

Advances in melanoma research have unveiled critical insights into its genetic and molecular landscape, leading to significant therapeutic innovations. This review explores the intricate interplay between alterations, such as mutations BRAF, NRAS, KIT, pathogenesis. The MAPK PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathways are highlighted for their roles tumor growth resistance mechanisms. Additionally, this delves impact of epigenetic modifications, including DNA methylation histone changes, on progression. microenvironment, characterized by immune cells, stromal soluble factors, plays a pivotal role modulating behavior treatment responses. Emerging technologies like single-cell sequencing, CRISPR-Cas9, AI-driven diagnostics transforming research, offering precise personalized approaches treatment. Immunotherapy, particularly checkpoint inhibitors mRNA vaccines, has revolutionized therapy enhancing body’s response. Despite these advances, mechanisms remain challenge, underscoring need combined therapies ongoing achieve durable comprehensive overview aims highlight current state transformative impacts advancements clinical practice.

Язык: Английский

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Sentinel lymph node risk prognostication in primary cutaneous melanoma through tissue-based profiling, potentially redefining the need for sentinel lymph node biopsy

European Journal of Cancer, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 202, С. 113989 - 113989

Опубликована: Март 8, 2024

The role of Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy (SLNB) is pivotal in the contemporary staging cutaneous melanoma. In this review, we examine advanced molecular testing platforms like gene expression profiling (GEP) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) as tools for predicting prognosis sentinel lymph nodes. We compare these innovative approaches with traditional assessments. Additionally, delve into shared genetic protein markers between GEP IHC tests their relevance to melanoma biology, exploring prognostic predictive characteristics. Finally, assess alternative methods potentially obviate need SLNB altogether.

Язык: Английский

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Single-cell RNA Sequencing Analysis Reveals the Role of Cancer-associated Fibroblasts in Skin Melanoma

Current Medicinal Chemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 31(42), С. 7015 - 7029

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2024

Mechanism of fibroblasts in skin melanoma (SKME) revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing data.

Язык: Английский

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T Cell Immunoglobulin and Mucin Domain 3 (TIM-3) in Cutaneous Melanoma: A Narrative Review

Cancers, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15(6), С. 1697 - 1697

Опубликована: Март 10, 2023

T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3) is an inhibitory immunocheckpoint that belongs to the TIM gene family. Monney et al. first discovered it about 20 years ago linked some autoimmune diseases; subsequent studies have revealed tumours, including melanoma, capacity produce ligands bind these receptor checkpoints on tumour-specific immune cells. We conducted a literature search using PubMed, Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, Google Scholar, Cochrane, searching for following keywords: “T mucin-domain containing-3”, “TIM-3” and/or “Immunocheckpoint inhibitors” in combination with “malignant melanoma” or “human malignant “cutaneous melanoma”. The initially turned up 117 documents, 23 which were duplicates. After verifying eligibility inclusion criteria, 17 publications ultimately included. A growing body scientific evidence considers TIM-3 valid immuno-checkpoint very interesting potential field melanoma. However, other recent new roles seem almost contradict previous findings this regard. All demonstrates how common concept ‘pleiotropism’ TME field, same molecule can behave completely partially differently depending type considered temporary conditions. Further studies, large case series, special focus immunophenotype are absolutely necessary order explore highly promising topic near future.

Язык: Английский

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Hypericin-Based Photodynamic Therapy Displays Higher Selectivity and Phototoxicity towards Melanoma and Squamous Cell Cancer Compared to Normal Keratinocytes In Vitro

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(23), С. 16897 - 16897

Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2023

The aim of this study was to explore the potential hypericin, a naturally occurring photosensi-tizer, for photodynamic therapy (PDT) in skin cancer, investigating its phototoxic effects and mechanisms action cancer cells compared normal keratinocytes, squamous cell (SCC-25) melanoma (MUG-Mel2) cells. Hypericin applied at concentrations ranging from 0.1–40 μM HaCaT, SCC-25, MUG-Mel2 After 24 h incubation, were exposed orange light 3.6 J/cm2 or 7.2 J/cm2. Phototoxicity assessed using MTT SRB tests. Cellular uptake measured by flow cytometry. Apoptosis-positive estimated through TUNEL apoptotic bodies’ visualization. exhibited higher reaction keratinocytes after irradiation. Cancer demonstrated increased selective hypericin. Apoptosis observed SCC-25 following PDT. Our findings suggest that hypericin-based PDT is promising less invasive approach treating cancer. reaction, cells, proapoptotic properties support role treatment.

Язык: Английский

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Histopathological Diagnosis of Malignant Melanoma at the Dawn of 2023: Knowledge Gained and New Challenges

Dermatopathology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 10(1), С. 91 - 92

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2023

Year after year, the incidence and prevalence rates of cutaneous Malignant Melanoma (MM) show a continuous increase and, according to most up-to-date American Cancer Society (ACS) projections, it is estimated that 97,610 new melanomas will be diagnosed in 2023 (about 58,120 men 39,490 women) approximately 7990 people are expected die melanoma 5420 2570 [...].

Язык: Английский

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Sphingolipid metabolism and regulated cell death in malignant melanoma

APOPTOSIS, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 29(11-12), С. 1860 - 1878

Опубликована: Июль 28, 2024

Язык: Английский

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