Synaptic promiscuity in brain development
Current Biology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
34(3), С. R102 - R116
Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024
Precise
synaptic
connectivity
is
a
prerequisite
for
the
function
of
neural
circuits,
yet
individual
neurons,
taken
out
their
developmental
context,
readily
form
unspecific
synapses.
How
does
genome
encode
brain
wiring
in
light
this
apparent
contradiction?
Synaptic
specificity
outcome
long
series
processes
and
mechanisms
before,
during
after
synapse
formation.
much
promiscuity
permissible
or
necessary
at
moment
partner
choice
depends
on
extent
to
which
prior
development
restricts
available
partners
subsequent
corrects
initially
made
can
thereby
play
important
roles
precise
connectivity,
but
also
facilitate
flexibility
robustness.
In
review,
we
assess
experimental
evidence
prevalence
promiscuous
formation
development.
Many
well-established
approaches
are
based
genetic
perturbation
an
assessment
only
adult;
make
it
difficult
pinpoint
when
given
defect
mechanism
occurred.
many
cases,
such
studies
reveal
that
restrict
availability
already
Subsequently,
choice,
factors
including
competency,
interaction
dynamics
molecular
recognition
further
partners.
The
discussion
through
lens
suggests
algorithmic
process
neurons
capable
continuously
prevented
from
making
wrong
choices,
with
no
single
time
point
sufficient
explain
outcome.
Язык: Английский
Retinal neurons establish mosaic patterning by excluding homotypic somata from their dendritic territories
Cell Reports,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
43(8), С. 114615 - 114615
Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024
In
vertebrate
retina,
individual
neurons
of
the
same
type
are
distributed
regularly
across
tissue
in
a
pattern
known
as
mosaic.
Establishment
mosaics
during
development
requires
cell-cell
repulsion
among
homotypic
neurons,
but
mechanisms
underlying
this
remain
unknown.
Here,
we
show
that
two
mouse
retinal
cell
types,
OFF
and
ON
starburst
amacrine
cells,
establish
mosaic
spacing
by
using
their
dendritic
arbors
to
repel
neighboring
somata.
Using
transgenic
tools
single-cell
labeling,
identify
developmental
period
when
somata
contacted
dendrites;
these
serve
exclude
from
settling
within
neighbor's
territory.
Dendrite-soma
exclusion
is
mediated
MEGF10,
cell-surface
molecule
required
for
patterning.
Our
results
implicate
dendrite-soma
key
mechanism
raise
possibility
could
be
general
patterning
many
types
species.
Язык: Английский
Retinal ganglion cell-derived semaphorin 6A segregates starburst amacrine cell dendritic scaffolds to organize the inner retina
Development,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
151(22)
Опубликована: Ноя. 4, 2024
ABSTRACT
To
form
functional
circuits,
neurons
must
settle
in
their
appropriate
cellular
locations,
and
then
project
elaborate
neurites
to
contact
target
synaptic
neuropils.
Laminar
organization
within
the
vertebrate
retinal
inner
plexiform
layer
(IPL)
facilitates
pre-
postsynaptic
neurite
targeting,
yet
precise
mechanisms
underlying
establishment
of
IPL
subdomains
are
not
well
understood.
Here,
we
explore
defining
compartmentalization
OFF
ON
generally,
direction-selective
specifically,
developing
mouse
IPL.
We
show
that
semaphorin
6A
(Sema6A),
a
repulsive
axon
guidance
cue,
is
required
for
delineation
versus
circuits
IPL:
Sema6a
null
IPL,
boundary
between
domains
blurred.
Furthermore,
Sema6A
expressed
by
ganglion
cells
(RGCs)
directs
laminar
segregation
starburst
amacrine
cell
dendritic
scaffolds,
which
themselves
serve
as
substrate
upon
other
elaborate.
These
results
demonstrate
RGCs,
first
type
neuron
born
retina,
play
an
active
role
specialization
Язык: Английский
Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms Underlying Synaptic Subcellular Specificity
Brain Sciences,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
14(2), С. 155 - 155
Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2024
Chemical
synapses
are
essential
for
neuronal
information
storage
and
relay.
The
synaptic
signal
received
or
sent
from
spatially
distinct
subcellular
compartments
often
generates
different
outcomes
due
to
the
distance
physical
property
difference.
Therefore,
final
output
of
postsynaptic
neurons
is
determined
not
only
by
type
intensity
inputs
but
also
location.
How
specificity
has
long
been
focus
study
in
neurodevelopment
field.
Genetic
studies
invertebrates
such
as
Caenorhabditis
elegans
(C.
elegans)
have
uncovered
important
molecular
cellular
mechanisms
required
specificity.
Interestingly,
similar
were
found
mammalian
cerebellum,
hippocampus,
cerebral
cortex.
This
review
summarizes
comprehensive
advances
underlying
specificity,
focusing
on
C.
rodents.
Язык: Английский
Vascular FLRT2 regulates venous-mediated angiogenic expansion and CNS barriergenesis
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Авг. 27, 2024
Abstract
Veins
have
emerged
as
the
origin
of
all
other
endothelial
cell
subtypes
needed
to
expand
vascular
networks
during
developmental
and
pathological
neoangiogenesis.
Here,
we
uncover
significant
role
angioneurin
Fibronectin
Leucine
Rich
Transmembrane
protein
(FLRT)
2
in
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
development
mouse.
Early
postnatal
FLRT2
deletion
reveals
specific
defects
retinal
veins,
impacting
proliferation,
sprouting
polarity
that
result
reduced
tip
cells
at
front.
interacts
with
VE-cadherin
together
endocytic
adaptor
Numb
contribute
modulation
adherens
junction
morphology
both
retina
cerebral
cortex
vivo
.
Utilizing
expansion
microscopy,
visualize
altered
dynamic
distribution
tissue
mutants.
Additionally,
cortical
vessels
regulates
crosstalk
between
tight
junctions,
influencing
blood-brain
barrier
development.
Our
findings
position
a
vein-specific
crucial
regulator
CNS
Язык: Английский
Vascular FLRT2 regulates venous-mediated angiogenic expansion and CNS barriergenesis
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
15(1)
Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2024
Abstract
Veins
have
emerged
as
the
origin
of
all
other
endothelial
cell
subtypes
needed
to
expand
vascular
networks
during
developmental
and
pathological
neoangiogenesis.
Here,
we
uncover
role
angioneurin
Fibronectin
Leucine
Rich
Transmembrane
protein
(FLRT)
2
in
central
nervous
system
(CNS)
development
mouse.
Early
postnatal
FLRT2
deletion
reveals
specific
defects
retinal
veins,
impacting
proliferation,
sprouting
polarity
that
result
reduced
tip
cells
at
front.
interacts
with
VE-cadherin
together
endocytic
adaptor
Numb
contribute
modulation
adherens
junction
morphology
both
retina
cerebral
cortex
vivo.
Utilizing
expansion
microscopy,
visualize
altered
dynamic
distribution
tissue
mutants.
Additionally,
cortical
vessels
regulates
crosstalk
between
tight
junctions,
influencing
blood-brain
barrier
development.
Our
findings
position
a
vein-specific
regulator
CNS
Язык: Английский
Semaphorin 6A in Retinal Ganglion Cells Regulates Functional Specialization of the Inner Retina
bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory),
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Ноя. 18, 2023
To
form
functional
circuits,
neurons
must
settle
in
their
appropriate
cellular
locations
and
then
project
elaborate
neurites
to
contact
target
synaptic
neuropils.
Laminar
organization
within
the
vertebrate
retinal
inner
plexiform
layer
(IPL)
facilitates
pre-
postsynaptic
neurite
targeting,
yet,
precise
mechanisms
underlying
establishment
of
IPL
subdomains
are
not
well
understood.
Here
we
explore
defining
compartmentalization
OFF
ON
generally,
direction-selective
specifically,
developing
IPL.
We
show
that
semaphorin
6A
(Sema6A),
a
repulsive
axon
guidance
cue,
is
required
for
delineation
versus
circuits
IPL:
Sema6a
null
IPL,
boundary
between
domains
blurred.
Furthermore,
Sema6A
expressed
by
ganglion
cells
(RGCs)
directs
laminar
segregation
starburst
amacrine
cell
(SAC)
dendritic
scaffolds,
which
themselves
serve
as
substrate
upon
other
elaborate.
These
results
demonstrate
first
time
RGCs,
neuron-type
born
retina,
play
an
active
role
specialization
Retinal
cell-dependent
regulation
scaffold
prevents
blurring
murine
layer.
Язык: Английский