Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
57(17), С. 6799 - 6807
Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2023
Plastic
pollution
has
become
ubiquitous
with
very
high
quantities
detected
even
in
ecosystems
as
remote
Arctic
sea
ice
and
deep-sea
sediments.
Ice
algae
growing
underneath
are
released
upon
melting
can
form
fast-sinking
aggregates.
In
this
pilot
study,
we
sampled
analyzed
the
algaeMelosira
arcticaand
ambient
water
from
three
locations
Fram
Strait
to
assess
their
microplastic
content
potential
a
temporary
sink
pathway
deep
seafloor.
Analysis
by
μ-Raman
fluorescence
microscopy
microplastics
(≥2.2
μm)
all
samples
at
concentrations
ranging
1.3
5.7
×
104
(MP)
m–3
1.4
4.5
103
MP
water,
indicating
magnitude
higher
algae.
On
average,
94%
of
total
particles
were
identified
10
μm
or
smaller
size
comprised
16
polymer
types
without
clear
dominance.
The
found
our
study
suggest
thatM.
arctica
could
trap
water.
appear
be
act
key
vector
food
webs
near
surface
on
seafloor,
which
its
aggregates
facilitate
an
important
mechanism
transport.
Nature Reviews Earth & Environment,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
3(5), С. 323 - 337
Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2022
Plastic
pollution
is
now
pervasive
in
the
Arctic,
even
areas
with
no
apparent
human
activity,
such
as
deep
seafloor.
In
this
Review,
we
describe
sources
and
impacts
of
Arctic
plastic
pollution,
including
debris
microplastics,
which
have
infiltrated
terrestrial
aquatic
systems,
cryosphere
atmosphere.
Although
some
from
local
—
fisheries,
landfills,
wastewater
offshore
industrial
activity
distant
regions
are
a
substantial
source,
carried
lower
latitudes
to
by
ocean
currents,
atmospheric
transport
rivers.
Once
accumulates
certain
affects
ecosystems.
Population-level
information
sparse,
but
interactions
entanglements
ingestion
marine
been
recorded
for
mammals,
seabirds,
fish
invertebrates.
Early
evidence
also
suggests
between
climate
change
pollution.
Even
if
emissions
halted
today,
fragmentation
legacy
will
lead
an
increasing
microplastic
burden
ecosystems,
already
under
pressure
anthropogenic
warming.
Mitigation
urgently
needed
at
both
regional
international
levels
decrease
production
utilization,
achieve
circularity
optimize
solid
waste
management
treatment.
microplastics
ubiquitous
Arctic.
This
Review
describes
sources,
distribution
consequences
calls
immediate
action
mitigate
further
ecosystem
impact.
Environmental Research Letters,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
17(5), С. 054036 - 054036
Опубликована: Апрель 21, 2022
Abstract
It
is
now
established
that
microplastics
are
a
pervasive
presence
in
aquatic
and
terrestrial
ecosystems.
The
same
assumed
to
be
true
for
nanoplastics
but
data
lacking
due
technical
difficulties
associated
with
sample
analysis.
Here,
we
measured
waterbodies
at
two
contrasting
sites:
remote
Siberian
Arctic
tundra
forest
landscape
southern
Sweden.
Nanoplastics
were
detected
all
sampled
Swedish
lakes
(
n
=
7)
streams
4)
(mean
concentration
563
µ
g
l
−1
)
four
polymer
types
identified
(polyethylene,
polyvinyl
chloride
(PVC),
polypropylene,
polyethylene
terephthalate).
In
Siberia
7/12
lakes,
ponds
surface
flooding,
only
(PVC
polystyrene)
concentrations
lower
51
).
Based
on
back-calculation
of
air
mass
trajectories
particle
dispersion,
infer
arrive
both
sites
by
aerial
deposition
from
local
regional
sources.
Our
results
suggest
may
near-ubiquitous
even
The Science of The Total Environment,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
846, С. 157371 - 157371
Опубликована: Июль 18, 2022
Plastic
pollution
in
the
marine
environment
has
been
identified
as
a
global
problem;
different
polymer
types
and
fragment
sizes
have
detected
across
all
regions,
from
sea
ice
to
equator
surface
deep
sea.
However,
quantification
of
plastics
debris
size
range
nanoplastics
(<1
μm)
ultrafine
microplastics
(<10
is
not
constrained,
because
such
minuscule
particles
are
challenging
measure.
In
this
work,
we
applied
novel
analytical
assay
using
Thermal
Desorption
-
Proton
Transfer
Reaction
Mass
Spectrometry
(TD-PTR-MS),
which
suitable
detect
identify
nanogram
range.
From
two
stations
Wadden
Sea
(the
Netherlands),
measured
directly
seawater
aliquots,
filters
with
mesh
sizes.
Our
results
show
presence
Polystyrene
(PS)
Polyethylene
terephthalate
(PET)
nanopalstics
well
water
column.
The
mass
concentration
PS
was
4.2
μg/L
on
average,
indicating
substantial
contribution
Sea's
total
plastic
budget.
Water Biology and Security,
Год журнала:
2022,
Номер
1(2), С. 100034 - 100034
Опубликована: Март 19, 2022
Several
studies
have
documented
that
plastic
pollution
is
affecting
one
of
the
most
remote
and
pristine
regions
our
planet,
Antarctica.
Plastics
different
size
polymeric
composition
been
retrieved
in
Antarctic
sea
ice,
surface
waters
sediments,
with
microplastics
(mostly
fibers)
found
both
terrestrial
marine
organisms.
Such
evidence
raises
concerns
about
potential
detrimental
effects
on
biodiversity
ecosystem
functions.
The
present
review
aims
to
report
up-to-date
knowledge
occurrence
distribution
environment
biota
including
interaction
microorganisms,
sources,
its
impact
biota.
Our
understanding
this
polar
region
will
help
us
define
human
footprint
Antarctica
predict
future
ecological
risks.
NanoImpact,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
29, С. 100453 - 100453
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
The
presence
of
nanoplastics
in
the
environment
has
been
proven.
There
is
now
an
urgent
need
to
determine
how
behave
and
assess
risks
they
may
pose.
Here,
we
examine
nanoplastic
homo-
heteroaggregation,
with
a
focus
on
environmentally
relevant
particle
models.
We
made
systematic
analysis
experimental
studies,
ranked
environmental
relevance
377
different
solution
chemistries,
163
Since
polymer
latex
spheres
are
not
(due
their
monodisperse
size,
spherical
shape,
smooth
surface),
aggregation
behavior
natural
conditions
transferable
nanoplastics.
A
few
recent
studies
suggest
that
models
more
closely
mimic
incidentally
produced
follow
homoaggregation
pathways
than
sphere
However,
heteroaggregation
seldom
studied.
Despite
this
knowledge
gap,
current
evidence
suggests
be
sensitive
previously
expected.
therefore
provide
updated
hypothesis
about
likely
fate
Our
review
demonstrates
it
essential
use
models,
such
as
those
top-down
methods,
avoid
biased
interpretations
impact
Finally,
will
necessary
kinetics
settling
rate
truly
understand
nanoplastics'
effect
environment.
Journal of Hazardous Materials,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
464, С. 133013 - 133013
Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2023
Nanoplastics
are
emerging
environmental
contaminants,
but
their
presence
in
and
potable
water
remains
largely
understudied
due
to
the
absence
of
quantitative
analytical
methods.
In
this
study,
we
developed
validated
a
pretreatment
method
that
combines
hydrogen
peroxide
digestion
Amicon®
Stirred
Cell
ultrafiltration
(at
100
kDa,
approximately
10
nm)
with
subsequent
detection
by
pyrolysis
gas
chromatography-mass
spectrometry
(Pyr-GC/MS).
This
allows
for
simultaneous
identification
quantification
nine
selected
nanoplastic
types,
including
poly(ethylene
terephthalate)
(PET),
polyethylene
(PE),
polycarbonate
(PC),
polypropylene
(PP),
poly(methyl
methacrylate)
(PMMA),
polystyrene
(PS),
polyvinylchloride
(PVC),
nylon
6,
66,
samples
based
on
polymer-specific
mass
concentration.
Limits
ranged
from
0.01
0.44
µg/L,
demonstrating
method's
ability
quantitatively
detect
nanoplastics
samples.
Most
were
detected
at
concentrations
between
0.04
1.17
except
PC,
which
was
consistently
below
limit
(<0.44
µg/L).
The
prevalent
polymer
components
PE
(0.10
-
µg/L),
PET
(0.06
0.91
PP
(0.04
0.79
PS
0.53
µg/L)
nanoplastics.
presented
offers
an
accurate
means
identify,
quantify,
monitor
complex
It
fills
gaps
our
understanding
pollution
levels,
providing
valuable
methodology
crucial
reference
data
future
studies.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
874, С. 162406 - 162406
Опубликована: Фев. 23, 2023
Nanoplastics
(NP)
are
present
in
aquatic
and
terrestrial
ecosystems.
Humans
can
be
exposed
to
them
through
contaminated
water,
food,
air,
or
personal
care
products.
Mechanisms
of
NP
toxicity
largely
unknown
the
Zebrafish
embryo
poses
an
ideal
model
investigate
due
its
high
homology
with
humans.
Our
objective
study
was
combine
a
battery
behavioral
assays
endocrine
related
gene
expression,
further
explore
potential
neurotoxic
effects
on
animal
behavior.
Polystyrene
nanoplastics
(PSNP)
were
used
evaluate
toxicity.
neurobehavioral
profiles
include
tail
coiling
assay,
light/dark
activity
two
thigmotaxis
anxiety
(auditory
visual
stimuli),
startle
response
-
habituation
assay
auditory
stimuli.
Results
show
PSNP
accumulated
eyes,
neuromasts,
brain,
digestive
system
organs.
inhibited
acetylcholinesterase
altered
endocrine-related
expression
both
thyroid
glucocorticoid
axes.
At
whole
organism
level,
we
observed
behaviors
such
as
increased
at
lower
doses
lethargy
higher
dose,
which
could
variety
complex
mechanisms
ranging
from
sensory
organ
central
nervous
others
hormonal
imbalances.
In
addition,
hypothetical
adverse
outcome
pathway
these
effects.
conclusion,
this
provides
new
understanding
into
toxic
zebrafish
embryo,
emphasizing
critical
role
disruption
effects,
improving
our
their
health
risks
human
populations.
