Predicting spatial variations in annual average outdoor ultrafine particle concentrations in Montreal and Toronto, Canada: Integrating land use regression and deep learning models

Environment International, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 178, С. 108106 - 108106

Опубликована: Июль 22, 2023

Concentrations of outdoor ultrafine particles (UFP; <0.1 µm) and black carbon (BC) can vary greatly within cities long-term exposures to these pollutants have been associated with a variety adverse health outcomes.This study integrated multiple approaches develop new models estimate within-city spatial variations in annual median (i.e. average) UFP BC concentrations as well mean size Canada's two largest cities, Montreal Toronto.We conducted year-long mobile monitoring campaigns each city that included evenings weekends. We developed generalized additive trained on land use parameters deep Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) satellite-view images. Using predictions from models, we final combined models.In Toronto, the observed concentration, size, concentration values were 16,172pt/cm3, 33.7 nm, 1225 ng/m3, respectively. In Montreal, 14,702pt/cm3, 29.7 1060 For all both proportion variation explained (i.e., R2) was slightly greater (1-2 percentage points) for than (approximately 10 CNN models. The Toronto model R2 test set 0.73, 0.55, 0.61 concentrations, 0.60, 0.49, 0.60 pollutant, combined, CNN, highly correlated other differences between explored sensitivity analyses.Predictions are available support future epidemiological research examining impacts UFPs BC.

Язык: Английский

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Review on main sources and impacts of urban ultrafine particles: Traffic emissions, nucleation, and climate modulation

Atmospheric Environment X, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 19, С. 100221 - 100221

Опубликована: Июль 4, 2023

Identifying and quantifying the sources clarifying impacts of ultrafine particles (UFP) in complicated urban environments are important for particle pollution control UFP-climate interaction understanding. The previous studies have made notable contributions to these aspects it is necessary review achievements. Here, characteristics traffic emissions new formation (NPF) events/processes their effects on UFP summarized mainly based latest progresses. constantly improved techniques measuring played a vital role knowing UFP. Meanwhile, inventories, dispersion models, receptor models generally perform better when working together using high resolution input corrected algorithms. Besides, between climate discussed by linking radiation, cloud condensation nuclei, deposition, environmental conditions required nucleation processes. Although UFP, there consensuses that processes two main interact via radiation nuclei (CCN), many other crucial tasks future this work lists seven them. They involve, scientifically, how much such as industrial regional mix with source primary pollutants collaborate (aerosols) aerosol-climate interactions; engineeringly, improve integration instruments instrument customization services according actual situations. These progresses perspectives would help more accurately evaluating Despite our efforts, knowledge limited detailed solutions missing here, which need joint efforts from related fields.

Язык: Английский

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Particle number size distributions and concentrations in transportation environments: a review

Environment International, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 187, С. 108696 - 108696

Опубликована: Апрель 25, 2024

Ambient air ultrafine particles (UFP, with a diameter <100 nm) have gained significant attention in World Health Organization (WHO) quality guidelines and European legislation.This review explores UFP concentrations particle number size distributions (PNC-PNSD) various transportation hotspots, including road traffic, airports, harbors, trains, urban commuting modes (walking, cycling, bus, tram, subway).The results highlight the lack of information on personal exposure at harbors railway stations, inside airplanes during other modes.The different lower limits reviewed measurements complicate direct comparisons between them.Emphasizing use instruments detection ≤10 nm, this underscores necessity following standardized measurement protocols.Road traffic sites are shown to exhibit highest PNC within cities, PNSD driven by proximity weather conditions.In closed environments, such as cars, buses, trams, increased external infiltration for ventilation correlates elevated shift toward smaller diameters.Airports particularly PNCs near runways, raising potential concerns about occupational exposure.Recommendations from study include maintaining substantial distance modes, integrating filtration into systems, implementing lowemission zones, advocating general reduction minimize daily exposure.Our findings provide important insights policy assessments underscore need additional research address current knowledge gaps.

Язык: Английский

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Size-fractionated PM-bound PAHs in urban and rural atmospheres of northern Thailand for respiratory health risk assessment

Environmental Pollution, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 293, С. 118488 - 118488

Опубликована: Ноя. 15, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Exposure levels of oil mist particles under different ventilation strategies in industrial workshops

Building and Environment, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 206, С. 108264 - 108264

Опубликована: Сен. 11, 2021

Язык: Английский

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Toxicity of exhaust emissions from high aromatic and non-aromatic diesel fuels using in vitro ALI exposure system

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 890, С. 164215 - 164215

Опубликована: Май 23, 2023

The differences in the traffic fuels have been shown to affect exhaust emissions and their toxicity. Especially, aromatic content of diesel fuel is an important factor considering emissions, notably particulate matter (PM) concentrations. ultra-fine particles (UFP, with a diameter <100 nm) are components engine connected various health effects, such as pulmonary systematic inflammation, cardiovascular disorders. Studying toxicity UFPs how different options can be used for mitigating crucial. In present study, from heavy-duty were assess emission thermophoresis-based vitro air-liquid interface (ALI) exposure system. aim study was evaluate potential effect 20 % fossil 0 renewable on results show that increases toxicity, which seen increase genotoxicity, distinct inflammatory responses, alterations cell cycle. genotoxicity most likely due PM phase exhaust, exposures high-efficiency absorbing (HEPA)-filtered resulted negligible genotoxicity. However, solely gaseous still elicited immunological responses. Overall, shows decreasing could significant measure

Язык: Английский

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Uncertainties in source allocation of carbonaceous aerosols in a Mediterranean region

Environment International, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 183, С. 108252 - 108252

Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2023

Understanding the atmospheric processes involving carbonaceous aerosols (CAs) is crucial for assessing air pollution impacts on human health and climate. The sources formation mechanisms of CAs are not well understood, making it challenging to quantify in models. Studies suggest residential wood combustion (RWC) traffic significantly contribute Europe's urban rural areas. Here, we used an chemistry model (MONARCH) three different emission inventories (two versions European-scale inventory CAMS-REG_v4 HERMESv3 detailed national Spain) assess uncertainties simulation source allocation (from traffic, RWC, shipping, fires others) Northeast Spain. For this, black carbon (BC) organic aerosol (OA) measurements performed at supersites representing environments (urban, regional remote) were used. Our findings show importance resolution input data accurately reproducing BC/OA observations. Even though emissions total particulate matter rather consistent between Spain, found discrepancies them mainly related spatiotemporal disaggregation (particularly relevant RWC) treatment condensable fraction RWC (changes speciation elemental/organic carbon). main contribution BC concentrations site accounting 71.1%/65.2% (January/July) close agreement with fossil derived from observations (78.8%/84.2%), followed by (12.8%/3%) shipping (5.4%/13.8%). An over-representation (winter) (summer) obtained CAMS-REG_v4. Noteworthy arise OA results due condensables a limited secondary production model. These offer insights into MONARCH's effectiveness simulating study highlights benefits combining new datasets modeling techniques refine better understand mitigate impacts.

Язык: Английский

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Short-term exposure to ultrafine particles and mortality and hospital admissions due to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases in Copenhagen, Denmark

Environmental Pollution, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 336, С. 122396 - 122396

Опубликована: Авг. 16, 2023

Ultrafine particles (UFP; particulate matter <0.1 μm in diameter) may be more harmful to human health than larger particles, but epidemiological evidence on their effects is still limited. In this study, we examined the association between short-term exposure UFP and mortality hospital admissions Copenhagen, Denmark. Daily concentrations of (measured as particle number concentration a size range 11-700 nm) meteorological variables were monitored at an urban background station central Copenhagen during 2002-2018. counts deaths from all non-accidental causes, well cardiovascular respiratory diseases obtained Danish registers. Mortality associated with interquartile (IQR) increase concurrent day up six preceding days prior death or admission case-crossover study design. Odds ratios (OR) 95% confidence intervals (CI) per one IQR estimated after adjusting for temperature relative humidity. We observed 140,079 total, 236,003 342,074 2002 2018. Hospital due significantly positively (OR: 1.04 [95% CI: 1.01, 1.07], lag 0-4, 1.02 [1.00, 1.04], 0-1, respectively). Among specific strongest associations found chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) asthma two-day means (lag 0-1) 1.13 [1.01, 1.26] 1.08 1.16], respectively, UFP). Based 17 years monitoring data, present novel findings showing that can trigger morbidity The COPD admissions.

Язык: Английский

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Air change per hour and inlet area: Effects on ultrafine particle concentration and thermal comfort in an operating room

Journal of Aerosol Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 171, С. 106183 - 106183

Опубликована: Апрель 8, 2023

The Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system in an Operating Room (OR) has two main functions: evacuate contaminants to guarantee elevated Indoor Quality (IAQ) ensure the thermal comfort of occupants. UltraFine Particles (UFP) generated during surgical operation can cause health-related risks at higher concentrations if inhaled for a prolonged time. In this work, authors have developed transient model simulate thermofluid dynamic conditions, UFP transport inside OR equipped with Laminar AirFlow (LAF) system. effects Change per Hour (ACH) inlet area on unidirectional airflow, concentration been studied here first time, considering constraints imposed by standards. An increase ACH above minimum value standards advantages: obtaining both conditions staff very low concentrations. Moreover, larger values airflow avoid disruption caused plume. Excessive do not bring additional cleanness OR, while increasing energy consumption.

Язык: Английский

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Hazards of surgical smoke from electrocautery: A critical review of the data

The American Journal of Surgery, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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