Environmental Science & Technology,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
58(20), С. 8631 - 8642
Опубликована: Май 10, 2024
The
global
trade
of
plastic
waste
has
raised
environmental
concerns,
especially
regarding
pollution
in
waste-importing
countries.
However,
the
overall
contribution
remains
unclear
due
to
uncertain
treatment
shares
between
handling
abroad
and
domestically.
Here,
we
conduct
a
life
cycle
assessment
2022
across
18
countries
six
types,
alongside
three
"nontrade"
counterfactual
scenarios.
By
considering
required
cycling
rate,
which
balances
importers'
costs
recycling
revenues,
find
that
resulted
lower
impacts
than
treating
domestically
with
average
mix.
scenario
alone
reduced
climate
change
impact
by
2.85
million
tonnes
CO
npj Materials Sustainability,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
2(1)
Опубликована: Авг. 1, 2024
Abstract
Increasing
plastic
waste
is
a
critical
global
challenge
to
ecological
and
human
health
requiring
focused
solutions
reduce
omnipresent
pollution
in
the
environment.
While
recycling
has
been
touted
as
one
solution
counter
resource
utilization,
it
largely
ineffective
offsetting
impact
of
rising
production
more
than
400
million
metric
tonnes
annually,
due
low
rates
only
9%.
Over
three
decades
since
implementing
resin
codes,
favoured
thermoplastics,
neglecting
thermoset
plastics.
There
constant
need
enhance
overall
efficiency
by
exploring
advanced
methods,
enormous
gaps
exist
fully
unlocking
potential
recycling.
We
identify
associated
with
its
environmental
impacts.
discuss
substantial
progress
technology,
designs-for-recyclability
controlled
chemical
use,
economic
incentives
expand
markets
for
recycled
plastics
curb
leakage
into
Additionally,
we
highlight
some
emerging
strategies
legally
binding
international
policy
instruments,
such
Global
Plastics
Treaty
that
require
further
development
improve
recyclability.
Turkish Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
23(12)
Опубликована: Ноя. 2, 2023
Aquatic
environments
are
one
of
the
final
destinations
for
microplastics.
In
this
review,
a
combination
systematic
and
narrative
literature
review
was
conducted
to
identify
summarise
advances,
gaps,
future
directions
in
microplastic
monitoring
studies
Turkish
aquatic
environment
inhabiting
organisms.
A
total
62
peer-reviewed
publications
available
on
Web
Science
were
considered
review.
Additionally,
current
state
pollution
which
includes
marine
freshwater
ecosystems,
as
well
organisms,
sources
characteristics
microplastics
reviewed
narratively.
Türkiye`s
position
global
plastic
treaty
mitigation
practices
also
addressed.
Although
an
increase
number
over
time
observed,
extent
carried
out
ecosystems
limited.
Strict
legislation
should
be
enacted
enforced
tackle
Türkiye.
nationwide,
long-term
at
sufficiently
regular
intervals
considered.
The Science of The Total Environment,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
902, С. 166090 - 166090
Опубликована: Авг. 6, 2023
This
study
casts
light
on
the
potential
of
microplastic
generation
during
plastic
recycling
-
an
unintended
consequence
process.
To
date,
microplastics
have
been
detected
in
wastewater
and
sludge
from
facilities;
however,
pathways,
factors
minimisation
strategies
are
understudied.
The
purpose
this
is
to
identify
affecting
generation,
namely,
type
weathering
conditions.
size
reduction
phase,
which
involved
mechanical
shredding
waste
material,
was
identified
be
predominate
source
generation.
Material
found
significantly
affect
rates.
Focussing
particles
range
0.212-1.18
mm,
polycarbonate
(PC),
polyethylene
terephthalate
(PET),
polypropylene
(PP),
high-density
(HDPE)
generated
28,600
±
3961,
21,093
2211,
18,987
752
6807
393
particles/kg
material
shredded,
respectively.
significant
variations
between
different
types
were
correlated
(R2
=
0.88)
hardness
plastic.
Environmental
observed
Generation
rates
increased
for
PC,
PET,
PP,
HDPE
by
185.05
%,
159.80
123.70
%
121.74
respectively,
over
a
six-month
environmental
exposure
period.
results
confirm
production
large
amounts
industry
through
its
operational
processes,
may
pollution
if
measures
reduce
their
removal
not
considered.
Waste Management,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
171, С. 54 - 70
Опубликована: Авг. 28, 2023
Numerous
studies
have
reported
the
presence
of
microplastics
(MPs)
in
waste
collection
and
disposal
systems.
However,
current
scientific
on
measuring
MP
occurrence
a
management
context
are
not
comparable
due
to
lack
standardized
methodologies.
Consequently,
impact
MPs
ecosystems
human
health
remains
largely
unclear.
To
address
inconsistencies,
present
published
studies,
this
review
thoroughly
examines
sample
preparation
techniques
for
transfer
stations,
landfill
leachate,
recycling,
compost,
incineration
ash
samples.
Furthermore,
various
analytical
approaches
such
as
flotation,
filtration,
organic
matter
digestion,
well
morphological
categorization,
identification,
quantification,
subsequently
rigorously
assessed.
The
benefits
limitations
each
methodology
evaluated
facilitate
development
accurate
effective
methods
detecting
characterizing
nanoplastics.
Recent
research
suggests
that
plastic
recycling
composting
facilities
primary
environmental
sources
microplastic
pollution
among
different
treatment
methods.
most
prevalent
types
discovered
were
polyethylene
(PE)
polypropylene
(PP),
with
fragment
fiber
being
frequently
morphologies.
highlights
number
tactics
could
be
integrated
into
systems
(WMS),
ultimately
leading
better
consistency
reliability
data
across
studies.
In
essence,
will
advance
our
comprehension
potential
risks
associated
microplastics.
Polymers,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
15(24), С. 4695 - 4695
Опубликована: Дек. 13, 2023
Today,
plastic
materials
are
mostly
made
from
fossil
resources,
and
they
characterized
by
their
long
lifetime
pronounced
persistence
in
the
open
environment.
These
attributes
of
plastics
one
cause
ubiquitous
pollution
we
see
our
When
end
up
environment,
most
this
can
be
attributed
to
a
lack
infrastructure
for
appropriately
collecting
recycling
waste,
mainly
due
mismanagement.
Because
huge
production
volumes
plastics,
merits
being
cheap
produce
process
recalcitrance
have
turned
into
disadvantage,
since
waste
has
become
point
linear
economic
usage
model,
massive
amounts
started
accumulate
leading
microplastics
other
detrimental
effects.
A
possible
solution
is
offered
"bioplastics",
which
that
either
(partly)
biobased
and/or
degradable
under
defined
conditions.
With
rise
bioplastics
marketplace,
several
standards
test
protocols
been
developed
assess,
certify,
advertise
properties
respect.
This
article
summarizes
critically
discusses
different
views
on
bioplastics,
related
biodegradability
carbon
content;
shall
allow
us
find
common
ground
clearly
addressing
categorizing
bioplastic
materials,
could
an
essential
building
block
circular
economy.
account
only
1-2%
all
while
technically,
replace
90%
fossil-based
particularly
short-lived
goods
packaging,
single
important
area
use
conventional
plastics.
Their
replacement
potential
not
applies
thermoplastics
but
also
thermosets
elastomers.
Bioplastics
recycled
through
means,
renewable
sources,
with
(bio)degradability
option
mismanaged
fraction
special
applications
intended
life
nature
(such
as
seed
coatings
bite
protection
trees).
used
composites
differ
properties,
similarly
Clear
definitions
"biobased"
"biodegradable"
needed
stakeholders
(bio)plastics
make
fact-based
decisions
regarding
material
selection,
application,
end-of-life
options;
same
level
clarity
terms
like
"renewable
carbon"
"bio-attributed"
carbon,
summarized
discussed
paper.
