Interaction of Cardiovascular Nonmodifiable Risk Factors, Comorbidities and Comedications With Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury and Cardioprotection by Pharmacological Treatments and Ischemic Conditioning

Pharmacological Reviews, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 75(1), С. 159 - 216

Опубликована: Дек. 8, 2022

Preconditioning, postconditioning, and remote conditioning of the myocardium enhance ability heart to withstand a prolonged ischemia/reperfusion insult potential provide novel therapeutic paradigms for cardioprotection. While many signaling pathways leading endogenous cardioprotection have been elucidated in experimental studies over past 30 years, no cardioprotective drug is on market yet that indication. One likely major reason this failure translate into patient benefit lack rigorous systematic preclinical evaluation promising therapies prior their clinical evaluation, since ischemic disease humans complex disorder caused by or associated with cardiovascular risk factors comorbidities. These comorbidities induce fundamental alterations cellular cascades affect development injury responses interventions. Moreover, some medications used treat these may impact again modifying pathways. The aim article review recent evidence as well modify response We emphasize critical need taking account presence concomitant when designing identification validation targets studies. This will hopefully maximize success rate developing rational approaches effective majority patients multiple

Significance Statement

Ischemic cause mortality; however, there are still drugs market. Most undertaken animal models absence comorbidities; develops other systemic disorders (e.g., hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, atherosclerosis). Here we focus showing how routine interfere strategies.

Язык: Английский

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Role of the CCL2-CCR2 axis in cardiovascular disease: Pathogenesis and clinical implications

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13

Опубликована: Авг. 30, 2022

The CCL2-CCR2 axis is one of the major chemokine signaling pathways that has received special attention because its function in development and progression cardiovascular disease. Numerous investigations have been performed over past decades to explore Laboratory data on for disease shown satisfactory outcomes, yet clinical translation remains challenging. In this article, we describe mechanisms action evolution diseases including heart failure, atherosclerosis coronary atherosclerotic disease, hypertension myocardial use pathway as a targeted therapy are summarized. potential treatment explored.

Язык: Английский

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Fibrin clot properties in cardiovascular disease: from basic mechanisms to clinical practice

Cardiovascular Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 119(1), С. 94 - 111

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

Fibrinogen conversion into insoluble fibrin and the formation of a stable clot is final step coagulation cascade. Fibrin porosity its susceptibility to plasmin-mediated lysis are key measures, describing properties clots prepared ex vivo from citrated plasma. Cardiovascular disease (CVD), referring coronary heart disease, failure, stroke, hypertension, has been shown be associated with dense networks that relatively resistant lysis. Denser mesh characterized acute patients at onset myocardial infarction or ischaemic while hypofibrinolysis identified as persistent feature in following thrombotic events those artery disease. Traditional cardiovascular risk factors, such smoking, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidaemia, obesity, have also linked unfavourably altered properties, some lifestyle modifications pharmacological treatment, particular statins anticoagulants, may improve structure function. Prospective studies suggested prothrombotic phenotype can predict short- long-term follow-ups. Mutations splice variants fibrinogen molecule proved thrombophilia increased risk, along post-translational modifications, state, inflammation, platelet activation, neutrophil extracellular traps formation, contribute phenotype. Moreover, about 500 clot-bound proteins within plasma clots, including fibronectin, α2-antiplasmin, factor XIII, complement component C3, histidine-rich glycoprotein. This review summarizes current knowledge on mechanisms underlying unfavourable their implications CVD thrombo-embolic manifestations.

Язык: Английский

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The role of aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 in cardiovascular disease

Nature Reviews Cardiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 20(7), С. 495 - 509

Опубликована: Фев. 13, 2023

Язык: Английский

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SIRT1 and SIRT6: The role in aging-related diseases

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular Basis of Disease, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 1869(7), С. 166815 - 166815

Опубликована: Июль 26, 2023

Aging is characterized by progressive functional deterioration with increased risk of mortality. It a complex biological process driven multitude intertwined mechanisms such as DNA damage, chronic inflammation, and metabolic dysfunction. Sirtuins (SIRTs) are family NAD+-dependent enzymes that regulate fundamental functions from genomic stability lifespan to energy metabolism tumorigenesis. Of the seven mammalian SIRT isotypes (SIRT1-7), SIRT1 SIRT6 well-recognized for regulating signaling pathways related aging. Herein, we review protective role in aging-related diseases at molecular, cellular, tissue, whole-organism levels. We also discuss therapeutic potential modulators treatment these challenges thereof.

Язык: Английский

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Life’s Essential 8 and Mortality in US Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease

American Journal of Nephrology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 54(11-12), С. 516 - 527

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> The current prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is substantial, and CKD individuals face a heightened risk mortality, encompassing both all-cause cause-specific outcomes. study aims to investigate the potential impact adhering Life’s Essential 8 (LE8) on reducing mortality among individuals. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Using National Health Nutrition Survey (NHANES) data from 2005 2018, we analyzed 22,420 US adults (≥20 years old). defined by urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (≥30 mg/g or 3 mg/mmol) estimated glomerular filtration rate (&lt;60 mL/min/1.73 m²). components LE8, including diet, physical activity (PA), nicotine exposure, sleep, body mass index, blood lipids, glucose, pressure (BP), were measured given score 0–100. total LE8 was unweighted average all divided into low cardiovascular health (CVH) (0–49), moderate CVH (50–79), high (80–100). A Cox proportional hazards regression model used explore associations with all-cause, (CVD), cancer which followed prospectively Center for Statistics until December 31, 2019. <b><i>Results:</i></b> In overall population, had 47% lower CKD, while linked 55% compared CVH. During median follow-up 7.58 years, 93% higher 149% CVD those without CKD. Among individuals, every 10-point increase in associated reduced risks 17% (especially PA, BP), 18% PA), 12% PA sleep health). additional sensitivity analysis, results remained significant after further consideration confounding renal function. Additionally, demonstrated superior stratification patients LS7. Interaction observed between age, education level, marital status, drinking status. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> demonstrates that adherence levels within mortality.

Язык: Английский

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Inhibition of inflammation by berberine: Molecular mechanism and network pharmacology analysis

Phytomedicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 128, С. 155258 - 155258

Опубликована: Янв. 11, 2024

Язык: Английский

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C-Reactive Protein: The Quintessential Marker of Systemic Inflammation in Coronary Artery Disease—Advancing toward Precision Medicine

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(9), С. 2444 - 2444

Опубликована: Сен. 2, 2023

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of mortality worldwide. While conventional risk factors have been studied and managed, CVD continues to pose a global threat. Risk scoring systems based on these developed predict acute coronary syndromes guide therapeutic interventions. However, traditional algorithms may not fully capture complexities individual patients. Recent research highlights role inflammation, particularly chronic low-grade in pathogenesis artery (CAD). C-reactive protein (CRP) is an inflammatory molecule that has demonstrated value as predictive marker for assessment, both independently conjunction with other parameters. It incorporated into assessment algorithms, enhancing prediction guiding decisions. Pharmacological interventions anti-inflammatory properties, such statins, glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists, interleukin-1 inhibitors, shown promising effects reducing risks CRP levels. This manuscript provides comprehensive review systemic inflammation CAD. By exploring current knowledge surrounding its implications interventions, this contributes advancement personalized cardiology optimization patient care.

Язык: Английский

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Level of IL-6, TNF, and IL-1β and age-related diseases: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 15

Опубликована: Март 1, 2024

Introduction Chronic low-grade inflammation is an important aspect of morbidity and mortality in older adults. The level circulating pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF) or IL-1β) a risk cardiovascular neurodegenerative diseases also associated with sarcopenia frailties. objective this study was to assess each cytokine: IL-6, TNF, IL-1β separately the elderly comorbidities against controls without according data published available literature. Methods electronic bibliographic PubMed database systematically searched select all relevant studies up July 2023. total number subjects involved meta-analysis included patients ( n =8154) =33967). Results overall concentration IL-6 found be higher compared difference statistically significant, p -value &lt;0.001 (SMD, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.12–0.19). heterogeneity considerable Q = 109.97 (P &lt;0.0001) I 2 79.2%. potential diagnostic usefulness confirmed by odds ratio (OR) analysis (OR: 1.03, CI (1.01; 1.05), =0.0029). both TNF elevated control group amounted SMD -0.03; -0.09–0.02, 0.533 SMD-0.29; -0.47– -0.12; 0.001, respectively. For however, insignificant. Discussion unlike IL-1β, could useful convenient marker peripheral adults various comorbidities.

Язык: Английский

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Is systemic inflammation a missing link between cardiometabolic index with mortality? Evidence from a large population-based study

Cardiovascular Diabetology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 23(1)

Опубликована: Июнь 20, 2024

Abstract Background This study sought to elucidate the associations of cardiometabolic index (CMI), as a metabolism-related index, with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality among older population. Utilizing data from National Health Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), we further explored potential mediating effect inflammation within these associations. Methods A cohort 3029 participants aged over 65 years old, spanning six NHANES cycles 2005 2016, was enrolled assessed. The primary endpoints included utilizing Center for Statistics (NCHS). Cox regression model subgroup analysis were conducted assess CMI mortality. inflammation-related indicators including leukocyte, neutrophil, lymphocyte, systemic immune-inflammation (SII), neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) evaluated investigate mechanism between through mediation package in R 4.2.2. Results mean 0.74±0.66, an average age 73.28±5.50 years. After follow-up period 89.20 months, there 1,015 instances deaths 348 documented. In multivariable-adjusted model, positively related (Hazard Ratio (HR)=1.11, 95% CI=1.01-1.21). Mediation indicated that leukocytes neutrophils mediated 6.6% 13.9% association Conclusion Elevated is associated adults. appeared be partially inflammatory pathways, indicating may serve valuable indicator poor prognosis

Язык: Английский

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