Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Science China Chemistry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 67(2), С. 450 - 470
Опубликована: Ноя. 3, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
50
Accounts of Chemical Research, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 13, 2025
ConspectusMolecular photoelectrocatalysis, which combines the merits of photocatalysis and organic electrosynthesis, including their green attributes capacity to offer novel reactivity selectivity, represents an emerging field in chemistry that addresses growing demands for environmental sustainability synthetic efficiency. This synergistic approach permits access a wider range redox potentials, facilitates transformations under gentler electrode decreases use external harsh reagents. Despite these potential advantages, this area did not receive significant attention until 2019, when we others reported first examples modern molecular photoelectrocatalysis. These studies showcased immense hybrid strategy, only inherits strengths its parent fields but also unlocks unprecedented enabling challenging mild conditions while minimizing reliance on stoichiometric oxidants or reductants.In Account, present our efforts develop photoelectrocatalytic strategies leverage homogeneous catalysts facilitate diverse radical reactions. By integrating electrocatalysis with key photoinduced processes such as single electron transfer (SET), ligand-to-metal charge (LMCT), hydrogen atom (HAT), have established methods transform substrates organotrifluoroborates, arenes, carboxylic acids, alkanes into reactive intermediates. intermediates subsequently engage heteroarene C-H functionalization Importantly, photoelectrochemical catalysts, generated bulk solution readily participate efficient reactions without undergoing further overoxidation carbocations, common challenge conventional electrochemical systems.By integration photoelectrocatalysis asymmetric catalysis, developed catalysis (PEAC), proves be enantioselective synthesis chiral nitriles. involves two relay catalytic cycles: initial process engenders benzylic radicals from precursors alkyl aryl alkenes, C-radicals are then subjected cyanation subsequent copper-electrocatalytic cycle.Within realm oxidative transformations, anode serves crucial component recycling generating photocatalyst, cathode promotes proton reduction. dual functionality enables via H
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
3
Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 19, С. 1055 - 1145
Опубликована: Июль 28, 2023
Photoredox catalysis (PRC) is a cutting-edge frontier for single electron-transfer (SET) reactions, enabling the generation of reactive intermediates both oxidative and reductive processes via photon activation catalyst. Although this represents significant step towards chemoselective and, more generally, sustainable chemistry, its efficacy limited by energy visible light photons. Nowadays, excellent alternative conditions are available to overcome these limitations, harvesting two different but correlated concepts: use multi-photon such as consecutive photoinduced electron transfer (conPET) combination photo- electrochemistry in synthetic photoelectrochemistry (PEC). Herein, we review most recent contributions fields activations organic functional groups. New opportunities chemists captured, selective reactions employing super-oxidants super-reductants engage unactivated chemical feedstocks, scalability up gram scales continuous flow. This provides comparisons between techniques (multi-photon photoredox PEC) help reader fully understand their similarities, differences potential applications therefore choose which method appropriate given reaction, scale purpose project.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
27
Chemical Communications, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 59(25), С. 3655 - 3664
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023
This highlight summarises electrochemical approaches for the generation and utilization of alkoxy radicals, predominantly focusing on recent advances (2012–present).
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
23
Green Chemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 26(7), С. 4199 - 4208
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
A new photoelectrocatalytic mode permits the synthesis of polycyclic pyrimidin-4-ones through dehydrogenative cyclization malonates with unactivated alkenes.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
15
Organic Chemistry Frontiers, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 11(14), С. 4024 - 4040
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
This review provides a comprehensive overview of metal catalysis in photo-electrochemical systems, discussing reaction mechanisms and offering prospects for this triadic catalytic mode.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
13
Chemical Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 124(21), С. 12264 - 12304
Опубликована: Окт. 23, 2024
Electrocatalysis and photocatalysis have been the focus of extensive research efforts in organic synthesis recent decades, these powerful strategies provided a wealth new methods to construct complex molecules. Despite intense efforts, only recently has there significant on combined use two modalities. Nevertheless, past five years witnessed rapidly growing interest area electrophotocatalysis. This hybrid strategy capitalizes enormous benefits using photons as reagents while also employing an electric potential convenient tunable source or sink electrons. Research this topic led number for C-H functionalization, reductive cross-coupling, olefin addition among others. field seen broad range catalyst types, including both metal organocatalysts. Of particular note work with open-shell photocatalysts, which tend comparatively large redox potentials. Electrochemistry provides means generate such species, making electrophotocatalysis particularly amenable intriguing class catalyst. review surveys applied synthesis, organized broadly into oxidative, reductive, neutral transformations.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
10
Advanced Synthesis & Catalysis, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 366(10), С. 2352 - 2362
Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2024
Abstract While the emergence of electrophotochemistry provides opportunities, such a chemistry at this stage suffers from limited reaction types and high photocatalyst loadings. A self‐catalyzed electrophotosynthesis as well one with low loading is presented. These external‐oxidant‐free cyclizations are enabling applicable to range activated alkenes, affording diverse array thiocyanato heterocycles including 4‐pyrrolin‐2‐ones, isoquinoline‐1,3‐diones, indolo[2,1‐ ]isoquinolin‐6(5 H )‐ones, benzoimidazo[2,1‐ )‐ones indolin‐2‐ones, protocols amenable late‐stage diversification complex molecular architectures gram‐scale syntheses. Sunlight could serve light source, be conducted in an all‐solar‐driven mode using commercially available photovoltaic panel produce electricity.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
9
Chinese Journal of Organic Chemistry, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 44(3), С. 840 - 840
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
7
eScience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4(5), С. 100255 - 100255
Опубликована: Март 15, 2024
Herein, an electrochemically driven catalyst-free nucleophilic aromatic substitution (SNAr) of electron-rich fluoroarenes with carboxylic acids as weak nucleophiles under mild conditions was reported. A series highly valuable ester derivatives were obtained in a direct and rapid way. This transformation features commercially available reagents exceptionally broad substrate scope good functional group tolerance, using cheap abundant electrodes completed within short reaction time. Gram-scale synthesis complex biorelevant compounds ligation further highlighted the potential utility methodology. The mechanistic investigations density theory (DFT) calculations verified feasibility proposed pathway this transformation.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
6