Antimicrobial Resistance: A Growing Serious Threat for Global Public Health

Healthcare, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(13), С. 1946 - 1946

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2023

Antibiotics are among the most important discoveries of 20th century, having saved millions lives from infectious diseases. Microbes have developed acquired antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to many drugs due high selection pressure increasing use and misuse antibiotics over years. The transmission acquisition AMR occur primarily via a human–human interface both within outside healthcare facilities. A huge number interdependent factors related agriculture govern development through various drug-resistance mechanisms. emergence spread unrestricted antimicrobials in livestock feed has been major contributing factor. prevalence antimicrobial-resistant bacteria attained an incongruous level worldwide threatens global public health as silent pandemic, necessitating urgent intervention. Therapeutic options infections caused by limited, resulting significant morbidity mortality with financial impact. paucity discovery supply new novel treat life-threatening resistant pathogens stands sharp contrast demand. Immediate interventions contain include surveillance monitoring, minimizing over-the-counter food animals, access quality affordable medicines, vaccines diagnostics, enforcement legislation. An orchestrated collaborative action between multiple national international organizations is required urgently, otherwise, postantibiotic era can be more real possibility than apocalyptic fantasy for 21st century. This narrative review highlights on this basis, mechanisms microbial resistance, key strategies combat resistance.

Язык: Английский

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Antibiotic resistance: The challenges and some emerging strategies for tackling a global menace

Journal of Clinical Laboratory Analysis, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 36(9)

Опубликована: Авг. 10, 2022

Abstract Background Antibiotic resistance is currently the most serious global threat to effective treatment of bacterial infections. has been established adversely affect both clinical and therapeutic outcomes, with consequences ranging from failures need for expensive safer alternative drugs cost higher rates morbidity mortality, longer hospitalization, high‐healthcare costs. The search new antibiotics other antimicrobials continues be a pressing in humanity's battle against appears inevitable, there continuous lack interest investing antibiotic research by pharmaceutical industries. This review summarized some strategies tackling bacteria. Methods To provide an overview recent research, we look at preventing and/or reviving bacteria's susceptibility already existing antibiotics. Results Substantial pieces evidence suggest that interact host immunity, leading potent indirect effects improve antibacterial activities may result more swift complete bactericidal effects. A class referred as immuno‐antibiotics targeting biochemical pathway components including inhibition SOS response hydrogen sulfide underlying networks bacteria can considered emerging combat Conclusion highlighted discussed weapons

Язык: Английский

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Antimicrobial Resistance: A Growing Serious Threat for Global Public Health

Опубликована: Май 9, 2023

Antibiotics are the most magnificent discovery of 20th century that have saved millions lives from infectious diseases. Microbes developed acquired antimicrobial resistance (AMR) to many drugs due high selection pressure increasing use and misuse antibiotics over years. The transmission acquisition AMR occur primarily via human–human interface both within outside healthcare facilities. A huge number interdependent factors related agriculture govern development through various drug mechanisms. emergence spread unrestricted antimicrobials in livestock feed has been a major contributing factor. prevalence bacteria attained its incongruous level worldwide threatening global public health as silent pandemic, necessitating urgent intervention. Therapeutic options bacterial infections limited resulting significant morbidity mortality with financial impact. paucity supply new novel treat life-threatening stands sharp contrast demand. Immediate interventions contain include surveillance monitoring, minimizing counter food animals, access quality affordable medicines, vaccines diagnostics, enforcement legislation. An orchestral collaborative action between multiple national international organizations required urgently, otherwise, post-antibiotic era can be real possibility than an apocalyptic fantasy for 21st century. This narrative review highlights on basis, mechanisms microbial key strategies combat resistance.

Язык: Английский

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2023 Update on Sepsis and Septic Shock in Adult Patients: Management in the Emergency Department

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(9), С. 3188 - 3188

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2023

Sepsis/septic shock is a life-threatening and time-dependent condition that requires timely management to reduce mortality. This review aims update physicians with regard the main pillars of treatment for this insidious condition.PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE were searched from inception special attention paid November 2021-January 2023.The sepsis/septic challenging involves different pathophysiological aspects, encompassing empirical antimicrobial (which promptly administered after microbial tests), fluid (crystalloids) replacement (to be established according tolerance responsiveness), vasoactive agents (e.g., norepinephrine (NE)), which are employed maintain mean arterial pressure above 65 mmHg risk overload. In cases refractory shock, vasopressin (rather than epinephrine) should combined NE reach an acceptable level control. If mechanical ventilation indicated, tidal volume reduced 10 6 mL/kg. Heparin prevent venous thromboembolism, glycemic control recommended. The efficacy other treatments proton-pump inhibitors, sodium bicarbonate, etc.) largely debated, such might used on case-to-case basis.The has significantly progressed in last few years. Improving knowledge therapeutic cornerstones crucial achieve better patient outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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Extracellular polymeric substances—antibiotics interaction in activated sludge: A review

Environmental Science and Ecotechnology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 13, С. 100212 - 100212

Опубликована: Ноя. 9, 2022

Antibiotics, the most frequently prescribed drugs, have been widely applied to prevent or cure human and veterinary diseases undoubtedly led massive releases into sewer networks wastewater treatment systems, a hotspot where occurrence transformation of antibiotic resistance take place. Extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), biopolymers secreted via microbial activity, play an important role in cell adhesion, nutrient retention, toxicity resistance. However, potential roles sludge EPS related removal antibiotics are still unclear. This work summarizes composition physicochemical characteristics state-of-the-art EPS, highlights critical removal, evaluates their defense performances under different exposures, analyzes typical factors that could affect sorption biotransformation behavior antibiotics. Next, interactions between genes analyzed. Future perspectives, especially engineering application for detection defense, also emphatically stressed.

Язык: Английский

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Emergent crisis of antibiotic resistance: A silent pandemic threat to 21st century

Microbial Pathogenesis, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 174, С. 105923 - 105923

Опубликована: Дек. 13, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Photocatalytic Degradation of Some Typical Antibiotics: Recent Advances and Future Outlooks

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(15), С. 8130 - 8130

Опубликована: Июль 24, 2022

The existence of antibiotics in the environment can trigger a number issues by fostering widespread development antimicrobial resistance. Currently, most popular techniques for removing antibiotic pollutants from water include physical adsorption, flocculation, and chemical oxidation, however, these processes usually leave significant quantity reagents polymer electrolytes water, which lead to difficulty post-treating unmanageable deposits. Furthermore, though cost-effectiveness, efficiency, reaction conditions, nontoxicity during degradation are hurdles overcome, variety photocatalysts be used degrade pollutant residuals, allowing potential solutions issues. Thus, urgent need effective rapid photocatalytic leads an increased interest finding more sustainable catalysts degradation. In this review, we provide overview removal pharmaceutical through photocatalysis, detail recent progress using different nanostructure-based photocatalysts. We also review possible sources released ecological chain consequences damages caused wastewater on human health. fundamental dynamic nanomaterials mechanisms then discussed, studies regarding materials some typical commonly comprehensively summarized. Finally, major challenges future opportunities highlighted.

Язык: Английский

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Clay-based nanomaterials and their adsorptive removal efficiency for dyes and antibiotics: A review

Materials Today Sustainability, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 26, С. 100735 - 100735

Опубликована: Март 9, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Bacterial resistance to antibacterial agents: Mechanisms, control strategies, and implications for global health

The Science of The Total Environment, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 860, С. 160461 - 160461

Опубликована: Ноя. 24, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Bacterial Biofilm Formation on Biomaterials and Approaches to Its Treatment and Prevention

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(14), С. 11680 - 11680

Опубликована: Июль 20, 2023

Bacterial biofilms can cause widespread infection. In addition to causing urinary tract infections and pulmonary in patients with cystic fibrosis, help microorganisms adhere the surfaces of various medical devices, biofilm-associated on biomaterials such as venous ducts, joint prostheses, mechanical heart valves, catheters. Biofilms provide a protective barrier for bacteria resistance antimicrobial agents, which increases morbidity mortality patients. This review summarizes biofilm formation processes mechanisms, well main features clinically persistent caused by biofilms. Considering clinical we introduce two methods prevent treat biomaterial-related infection: antibacterial coatings surface modification biomaterials. Antibacterial depend covalent immobilization agents coating drug release combat infection, while affects adhesion behavior cells implants subsequent process altering physical chemical properties implant material surface. The advantages each strategy terms their effect, biocompatibility, limitations, application prospects are analyzed, providing ideas research directions development novel infection strategies related therapeutic materials.

Язык: Английский

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