Monkeypox: A Viral Zoonotic Disease of Rising Global Concern DOI Creative Commons
Sukumaran Anil, Betsy Joseph, Mary Thomas

и другие.

Infectious Diseases & Immunity, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 4(3), С. 121 - 131

Опубликована: Июнь 24, 2024

Abstract Monkeypox (mpox) is a rare viral zoonotic disease, endemic to Central and West Africa, caused by the monkeypox virus, an orthopoxvirus similar variola virus (smallpox). Although sporadic travel-associated cases have historically occurred outside in May 2022, mpox began spreading globally multiple nonendemic countries across several continents. In 2024, there has been increase reported confirmed of deaths from mpox, making it public health emergency international concern. The reasons for unusual global spread are under investigation but likely relate increased travel waning population immunity orthopoxviruses. Transmission now appears be mainly through close, intimate contact, especially among men who sex with men. Mpox usually self-limited disease. limited approved antiviral treatments available, such as tecovirimat, which European Medicines Agency January 2022 treatment their widespread availability effectiveness current outbreak remain investigated. Public control measures include surveillance, case identification/isolation, contact tracing, targeted vaccination contacts at high risk exposure. However, challenges curtailing unprecedented outbreak. Critical knowledge gaps animal reservoir(s) responsible initial spillover events, mutations that may enhance transmissibility, optimal diagnostics noninvasive specimens, effective therapies, next-generation vaccines providing longer-term immunity, building capacity response. This review summarizes literature on virology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostics, treatment, prevention, measures. Ongoing research needed better understand mpox’s evolving pathogenicity, ecology guide strategies containing preventing future emergence.

Язык: Английский

Monkeypox: epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention DOI Creative Commons
Yong Huang, Mu Li, Wei Wang

и другие.

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 7(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 2, 2022

Abstract Monkeypox is a zoonotic disease that was once endemic in west and central Africa caused by monkeypox virus. However, cases recently have been confirmed many nonendemic countries outside of Africa. WHO declared the ongoing outbreak to be public health emergency international concern on July 23, 2022, context COVID-19 pandemic. The rapidly increasing number could pose threat community. Here, we review epidemiology monkeypox, virus reservoirs, novel transmission patterns, mutations mechanisms viral infection, clinical characteristics, laboratory diagnosis treatment measures. In addition, strategies for prevention, such as vaccination smallpox vaccine, also included. Current epidemiological data indicate high frequency human-to-human lead further outbreaks, especially among men who sex with men. development antiviral drugs vaccines against urgently needed, despite some therapeutic effects currently used clinic. We provide useful information improve understanding give guidance government relative agency prevent control spread

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

206
Monkeypox (Mpox) outbreak during COVID‐19 pandemic—Past and the future DOI Creative Commons
Durre Aden, Sufian Zaheer, Rohit Kumar

и другие.

Journal of Medical Virology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 95(4)

Опубликована: Март 23, 2023

Monkeypox infection (Mpox) is caused by the Orthopoxvirus (OPXV) genus of Poxviridae family, closely resembling its more famous sibling smallpox. Recently World Health Organization (WHO), have renamed monkeypox as Mpox citing racial concerns, so we will be referring to Mpox. There has been a recent outbreak in May 2022 when cases were identified all six WHO regions. On July 23, 2022, declared it public health emergency. Before current outbreak, had reported people from several parts central and west African countries; almost outside Africa linked international travel countries where disease commonly occurs or through imported animals. With waning smallpox vaccine-induced immunity, can spread global population. Though virus generally does not cause high mortality immunocompetent individuals, however, severe may result if spreads immunocompromised children, elderly pregnant women, individuals living with comorbidities such diabetes. The transmission was suspected occurred sexual activity 95% persons infection. It found that 98% either gay bisexual men, 41% suffering HIV reasons behind this epidemiological behavior studied further formulate hypothesis that, homosexuals who need concerned concern, changing behaviour sexually transmitted infection? rash, along associated lymphadenopathy, clue toward infection, but polymerase chain reaction needed for confirmative diagnosis. discovery vaccine, repurposed antivirals, precautionary steps prevent might help containment virus. In addition, what already know about re-evaluated, because most information gathered low-resource settings Africa. world at large care agencies specifically needs galvanize well-funded plan research initiatives contain article, attempted make readers aware biology, etiopathogenesis including changes cellular level causing, trends transmission, clinical manifestations. We also elaborate on potential challenges early diagnosis outbreak. This could achieved effectieve use vaccination taking social safety measures, especially communities risk.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

46
CRISPR–Cas12‐based field‐deployable system for rapid detection of synthetic DNA sequence of the monkeypox virus genome DOI
Qun Chen, Ijaz Gul, Changyue Liu

и другие.

Journal of Medical Virology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 95(1)

Опубликована: Дек. 8, 2022

The global outbreak of the monkeypox virus (MPXV) highlights need for rapid and cost-effective MPXV detection tools to effectively monitor control disease. Herein, we demonstrated a portable CRISPR-Cas-based system naked-eye MPXV. harnesses high selectivity CRISPR-Cas12 isothermal nucleic acid amplification potential recombinase polymerase amplification. It can detect both current circulating clade original clades. We reached limit (LoD) 22.4 aM (13.5 copies/µl) using microtiter plate reader, while visual LoD is 75 (45 in two-step assay, which further reduced 25 (15 one-pot system. compared our results with quantitative chain reaction obtained satisfactory consistency. For clinical application, sensitive precise method attomolar sensitivity sample-to-answer time 35 min.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

53
Monkeypox outbreak 2022: What we know so far and its potential drug targets and management strategies DOI
Ali A. Rabaan, Abdul Hawil Abas, Trina Ekawati Tallei

и другие.

Journal of Medical Virology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 95(1)

Опубликована: Ноя. 14, 2022

Monkeypox is a rare zoonotic disease caused by infection with the monkeypox virus. The can result in flu-like symptoms, fever, and persistent rash. currently spreading throughout world prevention treatment efforts are being intensified. Although there no that has been specifically approved for virus infection, infected patients may benefit from using certain antiviral medications typically prescribed of smallpox. drugs tecovirimat, brincidofovir, cidofovir, all which short supply due to spread Resistance also concern, as widespread replication lead mutations produce viruses resistant available treatments. This article discusses disease, potential drug targets, management strategies overcome disease. With discovery new drugs, it hoped problem insufficient will be resolved, not anticipated resistance become major issue near future.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

44
Monkeypox Vaccine Hesitancy in French Men Having Sex with Men with PrEP or Living with HIV in France DOI Creative Commons
David Zucman, Erwan Fourn,

Pauline Touche

и другие.

Vaccines, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 10(10), С. 1629 - 1629

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2022

People with pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) or living HIV are a high-risk population for monkeypox virus (MPXV) infection. It is important to achieve high MPXV vaccination coverage rates in this group. This project used self-reporting assess vaccine hesitancy the smallpox and acceptance among men having sex PrEP HIV. In total, 52 (33.6%) participants 155 declared their be vaccinated against MPXV. Moreover, 20.7% patients hesitant attitude towards compared 40.2% of patients, p = 0.013. difference remained not significant after adjustment age (p 0.119) both number different sexual partners 0.406). Among people, those who expressed concerns about people getting more vaccines than needed 0.012) were less likely accept vaccination, whereas an increased during previous month was significantly associated 0.034). being infected by < 0.001), that should compulsory at risk 0.001) 0.018) higher vaccination. Our results suggest strategy would efficient France communication emphasizing benefits potential infection health people. Other preventive actions implemented, including reduction partners.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

43
Insights into monkeypox pathophysiology, global prevalence, clinical manifestation and treatments DOI Creative Commons

Liyan Niu,

Dingfa Liang,

Ling Qin

и другие.

Frontiers in Immunology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Март 21, 2023

On 23rd July 2022, the World Health Organization (WHO) recognized ongoing monkeypox outbreak as a public medical crisis. Monkeypox virus (MPV), etiological agent of monkeypox, is zoonotic, linear, double-stranded DNA virus. In 1970, Democratic Republic Congo reported first case MPV infection. Human-to-human transmission can happen through sexual contact, inhaled droplets, or skin-to-skin contact. Once inoculated, viruses multiply rapidly and spread into bloodstream to cause viremia, which then affect multiple organs, including skin, gastrointestinal tract, genitals, lungs, liver. By September 9, more than 57,000 cases had been in 103 locations, especially Europe United States. Infected patients are characterized by physical symptoms such red rash, fatigue, backache, muscle aches, headache, fever. A variety strategies available for orthopoxviruses, monkeypox. prevention following smallpox vaccine has shown up 85% efficacy, several antiviral drugs, Cidofovir Brincidofovir, may slow viral spread. this article, we review origin, pathophysiology, global epidemiology, clinical manifestation, possible treatments prevent propagation provide cues generate specific drugs.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

28
Proteomics-based vaccine targets annotation and design of subunit and mRNA-based vaccines for Monkeypox virus (MPXV) against the recent outbreak DOI Open Access
Yifan Jin,

Addeela Fayyaz,

Ayesha Liaqat

и другие.

Computers in Biology and Medicine, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 159, С. 106893 - 106893

Опубликована: Апрель 10, 2023

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

25
Mathematical modeling of mpox: A scoping review DOI Creative Commons
Jeta Molla, Idriss Sekkak, Ariel I. Mundo

и другие.

One Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 16, С. 100540 - 100540

Опубликована: Апрель 17, 2023

Mpox (monkeypox), a disease historically endemic to Africa, has seen its largest outbreak in 2022 by spreading many regions of the world and become public health threat. Informed policies aimed at controlling managing spread this necessitate use adequate mathematical modeling strategies.In scoping review, we sought identify models that have been used study mpox transmission literature order determine what are model classes most frequently used, their assumptions, modelling gaps need be addressed context epidemiological characteristics ongoing outbreak.This employed methodology PRISMA guidelines for reviews available dynamics. Three databases (PubMed, Web Science MathSciNet) were systematically searched relevant studies.A total 5827 papers screened from database queries. After screening, 35 studies met inclusion criteria analyzed, 19 finally included review. Our results show compartmental, branching process, Monte Carlo (stochastic), agent-based, network dynamics between humans as well animals. Furthermore, compartmental commonly classes.There is develop strategies take into account conditions current outbreak, which largely driven human-to-human urban settings. In scenario, assumptions parameters review (which based on limited number carried out Africa early 80s) may not applicable, therefore, can complicate any derived estimates. The also an example how more research neglected zoonoses needed era where new re-emerging diseases global threats.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

25
Mpox Virus and its ocular surface manifestations DOI
Nikhil Chakravarty,

Darshi Hemani,

Ramya Paravastu

и другие.

The Ocular Surface, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 34, С. 108 - 121

Опубликована: Июль 5, 2024

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

10
Mpox disease, diagnosis, and point of care platforms DOI Creative Commons
Nazente Atçeken,

Ikra Bayaki,

Büşra Can

и другие.

Bioengineering & Translational Medicine, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 10(3)

Опубликована: Янв. 2, 2025

Human Mpox disease (MPX) is an endemic zoonotic that develops when patients are infected with the virus (MPXV). MPXV shares a high level of genetic similarity to other poxviruses and clinical presentation MPX similar poxvirus infections which can result in delay diagnosis. In addition, phylogenetically divided into two different clades affects severity disease. recent years, there has been unusual worldwide spread MPXV, leading global public health problem. The most important step fight against rapid, highly specific, accurate Following rapid efforts develop diagnostic tests have gained momentum. Here, MPX, epidemiology, discussed. Furthermore, biochemical tests, molecular their development, point-of-care (PoC) applications reviewed. Molecular technologies such as polymerase chain reaction, recombinase amplification, loop-mediated isothermal amplification methods detect evaluated. Additionally, next-generation combined techniques importance PoC transition explored.

Язык: Английский

Процитировано

1