3D printing of PLA-TPU with different component ratios: Fracture toughness, mechanical properties, and morphology

Journal of Materials Research and Technology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 21, С. 3970 - 3981

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2022

In this study, three PLA-TPU compounds were prepared by the melt mixing method and after process of compounding, filament preparation, 3D printing with Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM). The mechanical properties under compression, tensile, bending, shear modes, fracture toughness comprehensively experimentally assessed. Also, for thermal analysis microstructural evaluation, Dynamic Mechanical Thermal Analysis (DMTA) Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) used. showed an increase decrease in loss storage modulus increasing PLA value, while all had almost same glass transition temperature. results tests that raising amount PLA, strength formability increased decreased, respectively loading modes. UTS values PLA50, PLA70, PLA90 achieved 27.27 MPa, 40.91 54.18 respectively. consistent properties. 1.69 2.36 times higher than PLA70 PLA50 compounds, SEM images TPU, voids caused neck growth due to incomplete integration inter intralayer rasters rises, which is reason printability. test also confirmed quantitatively connection between layers density improves PLA.

Язык: Английский

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4D printing of PLA-TPU blends: effect of PLA concentration, loading mode, and programming temperature on the shape memory effect

Journal of Materials Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 58(16), С. 7227 - 7243

Опубликована: Апрель 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Toughening PVC with Biocompatible PCL Softeners for Supreme Mechanical Properties, Morphology, Shape Memory Effects, and FFF Printability

Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 308(10)

Опубликована: Май 18, 2023

Abstract In this article, a first of its kind blend polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and biocompatible polycaprolactone (PCL) is introduced by melt mixing then 3D printed successfully via Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF). Experimental tests are carried out on PCL‐PVC blends to assess thermo‐mechanical behaviors, morphology, fracture toughness, shape‐memory effects printability. Macro microscopic reveal that PVC‐PCL compounds miscible due high molecular compatibility strong interaction. This causes extraordinary mechanical properties specially for PVC‐10 wt% PCL. addition the desired tensile strength (45 MPa), material has completely rubbery behavior at ambient temperature, total elongation more than 81%. addition, formability it capability being programed different protocols. Programming show have an excellent effect result in 100% shape recovery. SEM results prove improvement PVC printability with 10 Toughened PCL herein added materials library FFF printers expected revolutionize applications field biomedical 4D printing appropriate properties, supreme printability, biocompatibility.

Язык: Английский

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Development of Pure Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) with Excellent 3D Printability and Macro‐ and Micro‐Structural Properties

Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 308(5)

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2022

Abstract Unmodified polyvinyl chloride (PVC) has low thermal stability and high hardness. Therefore, using plasticizers as well stabilizers is inevitable, while it causes serious environmental health issues. In this work, for the first time, pure food‐grade PVC with potential biomedical applications processed 3D printed. Samples are successfully printed different printing parameters, including velocity, raster angle, nozzle diameter, layer thickness, their mechanical properties investigated in compression, bending, tension modes. Scanning electron microscopy also used to evaluate bonding microstructure of layers. Among mentioned angle velocity influence significantly, whereas thickness diameter a little effect. Images from scanning reveal that greatly affects final part's quality regarding defective voids rasters’ bonding. The maximum tensile strength 88.55 MPa achieved, which implies superiority 3D‐printed compared other commercial filaments. This study opens an avenue additively manufacture second most‐consumed polymer cost‐effective high‐strength features.

Язык: Английский

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4D printing thermo-magneto-responsive PETG-Fe3O4 nanocomposites with enhanced shape memory effects

Applied Materials Today, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 40, С. 102361 - 102361

Опубликована: Авг. 3, 2024

In this groundbreaking study, Polyethylene Terephthalate Glycol (PETG)-Fe3O4 nanocomposites were developed for 4D printing, incorporating iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles into PETG matrix. The research contribution lies in its innovative approach to enhancing the shape memory effect (SME) through thermo-magnetic responsiveness, positioning PETG-Fe3O4 as a revolutionary material smart additive manufacturing. composites synthesized using melt mixing method, followed by 3D printing specimens comprehensive evaluation dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and uniaxial tensile tests. findings revealed that incorporation of Fe3O4 significantly boosts composites' storage modulus glass transition temperature, indicative improved stiffness properties. Notably, 15 % composite emerged optimal blend, exhibiting highest strength favourable balance between integrity flexibility. A key result was enhanced SME under both magnetic stimuli, with recovery efficiency speed escalating nanoparticle concentration. This advancement underscores potential fabricating structures capable environmental adaptability, paving way impacts biomedical, aerospace, robotic devices. Through work, new paradigm functionality has been established, demonstrating viability integration added capabilities.

Язык: Английский

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Investigating the Effect of ABS on the Mechanical Properties, Morphology, Printability, and 4D Printing of PETG‐ABS Blends

Macromolecular Materials and Engineering, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 309(6)

Опубликована: Март 13, 2024

Abstract In this study, Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) with three different ratios of 30%, 50%, and 70% is used to enhance the shape memory mechanical properties Polyethylene terephthalate glycol (PETG). Additionally, morphology, printability, dynamic thermomechanical analysis are also examined. The thermal test results show that PETG‐ABS compounds have two transition temperatures in range 80 110 °C, which related components. By changing weight percentage PETG from 30 70%, morphologies matrix‐droplet, sea‐island, combination co‐continuous matrix‐droplet observed. an increase strength ABS, can be justified due higher ABS compared PETG. highest tensile 32.48 MPa 15.16% elongation obtained for PETG‐ABS(30‐70) PETG‐ABS(70‐30), respectively. Due better performance PETG, PETG‐ABS(50‐50) PETG‐ABS(70‐30) complete recovery, recovery rate increased. This diversity properties, effect one goals research well fulfilled.

Язык: Английский

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Additive manufacturing (3D printing): A review of materials, methods, applications and challenges

Materials Today Proceedings, Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2023

Язык: Английский

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3D and 4D Printing of PETG–ABS–Fe3O4 Nanocomposites with Supreme Remotely Driven Magneto-Thermal Shape-Memory Performance

Polymers, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 16(10), С. 1398 - 1398

Опубликована: Май 14, 2024

This study introduces novel PETG–ABS–Fe3O4 nanocomposites that offer impressive 3D- and 4D-printing capabilities. These can be remotely stimulated through the application of a temperature-induced magnetic field. A direct granule-based FDM printer equipped with pneumatic system to control output melt flow is utilized print composites. addresses challenges associated using high weight percentage nanoparticles lack over geometry when producing precise continuous filaments. SEM results showed interface matrix was smooth uniform, increase in weakened printed layers. The ultimate tensile strength (UTS) increased from 25.98 MPa for pure PETG–ABS sample 26.3 27.05 10% 15% Fe3O4 nanocomposites, respectively. accompanied by decrease elongation 15.15% 13.94% 12.78%. shape-memory performance reveal adding iron oxide not only enables indirect remote recovery but also improves effect. Improving heat transfer strengthening elastic component rate amount shape recovery. Nanocomposites containing 20% demonstrate superior subjected stimulation field, despite exhibiting low quality poor strength. Smart remote-control capabilities provide opportunities 4D printing diverse industries, particularly medicine, where rapid speed are essential minimally invasive procedures.

Язык: Английский

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4D printing and annealing of PETG composites reinforced with short carbon fibers

Physica Scripta, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 99(5), С. 055957 - 055957

Опубликована: Апрель 5, 2024

Abstract In this study, for the first time, post-heat treatment was applied to improve stress recovery of short carbon fiber reinforced PETG (SCFRPETG). and SCFRPETG composite were printed under optimal conditions, constrained free shape memory cycles compression three-point bending loadings assess recovery. The results test both vertical horizontal patterns showed that also has a higher effect (SME) compared PETG. SME significantly improved by performing heat treatment. values pure PETG, before after annealing are 2.48 MPa, 3.04 MPa 3.18 respectively. It addition 1.5% increases 22%. increasing trend reaches 28% Additionally, altering printing pattern affects programming values. For samples annealing, changing from vertical, resulted in 16% 7% increase stress, SEM confirm process removes layered structure, micro-holes caused shrinkage 4D mechanism. Using controlled method can be practical solution solve problem adhesion reduce anisotropy FDM 3D layers.

Язык: Английский

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The thermal properties of FDM printed polymeric materials: A review

Polymer Degradation and Stability, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 228, С. 110902 - 110902

Опубликована: Июнь 25, 2024

Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM), a prevalent additive manufacturing technique utilising polymeric materials, facilitates intricate geometric customisation and rapid prototyping. The ongoing development of FDM technology emphasises the importance thermal characteristics FDM-printed which are essential for various applications, including aerospace biomedical engineering. properties covering wide range thermoplastic polymers composites, were examined in this review. Despite versatility technology, challenges persist 3D printed parts, manifesting as anisotropy, voids, sub-optimal conductivity, thereby impeding performance. Achieving precise control over printing parameters such nozzle temperature, layer height, speed is pivotal optimising properties. Additionally, controlled treatments, like annealing, offer avenues manipulating crystalline structure components to enhance conductivity. By elucidating effects reinforcements, article aims provide insights into potential enhancements adjustments developing thermally resistant FDM-based materials.

Язык: Английский

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