Covid-19 a triggering factor of autoimmune and multi-inflammatory diseases

Life Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 319, С. 121531 - 121531

Опубликована: Фев. 27, 2023

SARS-CoV-2 virus has attracted a lot of attention globally due to the autoimmune and inflammatory processes that were observed during development Covid-19 disease. Excessive activation immune response triggering autoantibodies synthesis as well an excessive cytokines onset cytokine storm vital role in disease outcome occurring complications. This scenario is reminiscent infiltration lymphocytes monocytes specific organs increased production chemoattractants noted other diseases. The main goal this study investigate complex occur find similarities with diseases such multiple sclerosis (MS), acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) Kawasaki advance existing diagnostic therapeutic protocols. therapy Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) use S1P receptor modulators showed promising results. However, there are many unknowns about these mechanisms possible novel therapies. Therefore, inflammation autoimmunity triggered by should be further investigated improve procedures protocols for Covid-19.

Язык: Английский

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The GABA and GABA-Receptor System in Inflammation, Anti-Tumor Immune Responses, and COVID-19

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(2), С. 254 - 254

Опубликована: Янв. 18, 2023

GABA and GABAA-receptors (GABAA-Rs) play major roles in neurodevelopment neurotransmission the central nervous system (CNS). There has been a growing appreciation that GABAA-Rs are also present on most immune cells. Studies fields of autoimmune disease, cancer, parasitology, virology have observed GABA-R ligands anti-inflammatory actions T cells antigen-presenting (APCs), while enhancing regulatory cell (Treg) responses shifting APCs toward phenotypes. These enabled GABAA-R to ameliorate diseases, such as type 1 diabetes (T1D), multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis, well 2 (T2D)-associated inflammation preclinical models. Conversely, antagonism activity promotes pro-inflammatory APCs, anti-tumor reducing tumor burden models solid tumors. Lung epithelial express GABA-Rs, whose activation helps maintain fluid homeostasis promote recovery from injury. The ability agonists limit both excessive lung injury may underlie recent findings reduce severity disease mice infected with highly lethal coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-2 MHV-1). observations suggest provide off-the-shelf therapies for COVID-19 caused by new SARS-CoV-2 variants, novel beta-coronaviruses, which evade vaccine-induced antiviral medications. We review these further advance notions (1) possess CNS, (2) this natural “braking system” inflammatory be pharmacologically engaged slow progression COVID-19, perhaps neuroinflammation associated long COVID.

Язык: Английский

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Dissecting the Molecular Mechanisms Surrounding Post-COVID-19 Syndrome and Neurological Features

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(8), С. 4275 - 4275

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2022

Many of the survivors novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) are suffering from persistent symptoms, causing significant morbidity and decreasing their quality life, termed “post-COVID-19 syndrome” or “long COVID”. Understanding mechanisms surrounding PCS is vital to developing diagnosis, biomarkers, possible treatments. Here, we describe prevalence manifestations PCS, similarities with previous SARS epidemics. Furthermore, look at molecular behind neurological features where highlight important neural that may potentially be involved pharmacologically targeted, such as glutamate reuptake in astrocytes, role NMDA receptors transporters (EAAT2), ROS signaling, astrogliosis triggered by NF-κB KNDy neurons, hypothalamic networks involving Kiss1 (a ligand for G-protein-coupled receptor 54 (GPR54)), among others. We reactive gliosis following SARS-CoV-2 CNS injury, well potential hypothalamus network manifestations.

Язык: Английский

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Serum neurofilament light chain levels in Covid-19 patients without major neurological manifestations

Journal of Neurology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 269(11), С. 5691 - 5701

Опубликована: Июль 4, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Aged brain and neuroimmune responses to COVID-19: post-acute sequelae and modulatory effects of behavioral and nutritional interventions

Immunity & Ageing, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 20(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 12, 2023

Advanced age is one of the significant risk determinants for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related mortality and long COVID complications. The contributing factors may include age-related dynamical remodeling immune system, known as immunosenescence chronic low-grade systemic inflammation. Both these induce an inflammatory milieu in aged brain drive changes microenvironment neurons microglia, which are characterized by a general condition inflammation, so-called neuroinflammation. Emerging evidence reveals that privilege aging be compromised. Resident cells, such astrocytes, neurons, oligodendrocytes but also infiltrating monocytes, T cells macrophages participate complex intercellular networks multiple reciprocal interactions. Especially microglia playing regulatory role contribute to disturbing homeostasis impairments neuroimmune responses. Neuroinflammation trigger structural damage, diminish regeneration, neuronal cell death, modulate synaptic this manner negatively interfere with functions.In review article, we give insights into interactions highlight impact COVID-19 on functional systems already modulated We discuss potential ways severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) proposed mechanisms biological development persisting conditions. summarize responsible COVID, including autoimmunity, direct virus-mediated cytotoxicity, hypercoagulation, mitochondrial failure, dysbiosis, reactivation other viruses, Cytomegalovirus (CMV). Finally, effects various interventional options can decrease propagation biological, physiological, psychosocial stressors activation inhibit triggering unbalanced modulatory bioactive nutritional compounds along multimodal benefits behavioral interventions moderate exercise, applied postinfectious order improve health.

Язык: Английский

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Patients recovering from COVID-19 who presented with anosmia during their acute episode have behavioral, functional, and structural brain alterations

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Авг. 17, 2024

Patients recovering from COVID-19 commonly exhibit cognitive and brain alterations, yet the specific neuropathological mechanisms risk factors underlying these alterations remain elusive. Given significant global incidence of COVID-19, identifying that can distinguish individuals at developing is crucial for prioritizing follow-up care. Here, we report findings a sample patients consisting 73 adults with mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection without signs respiratory failure 27 infections attributed other agents no history COVID-19. The participants underwent screening, decision-making task, MRI evaluations. We assessed presence anosmia requirement hospitalization. Groups did not differ in age or performance. who presented exhibited more impulsive alternative changes after shift probabilities (r = − 0.26, p 0.001), while required hospitalization showed perseverative choices 0.25, 0.003). Anosmia correlated measures, including decreased functional activity during thinning cortical thickness parietal regions, loss white matter integrity. Hence, could be factor considered when at-risk populations follow-up.

Язык: Английский

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Neurofilament light chain as a biomarker for neurodegenerative changes in COVID-19 and clinical implications

Future Virology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 1 - 15

Опубликована: Март 21, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Incidence of Epilepsy and Seizures Over the First 6 Months After a COVID-19 Diagnosis

Neurology, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 100(8)

Опубликована: Ноя. 16, 2022

The relationship between COVID-19 and epilepsy is uncertain. We studied the potential association seizures or in 6 months after infection.We applied validated methods to an electronic health records network (TriNetX Analytics) of 81 million people. closely matched people with infections those influenza. In each cohort, we measured incidence hazard ratios (HRs) epilepsy. stratified data by age whether person was hospitalized during acute infection. then explored time-varying HRs assess temporal patterns seizure diagnoses.We analyzed 860,934 records. After matching, this yielded 2 cohorts 152,754 patients. associated increased risk compared within 0.81% (95% CI 0.75-0.88; HR influenza 1.55 [1.39-1.74]). 0.30% (0.26-0.34; 1.87 [1.54-2.28]). greater who had not been individuals younger than 16 years. time peak infection differed hospitalization status.The new diagnoses low overall, but higher patients This difference more marked were hospitalized, highlighting even less severe Children appear at particular providing another motivation prevent pediatric populations. That varying related may provide clues as underlying mechanisms COVID-associated

Язык: Английский

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Organokines in COVID-19: A Systematic Review

Cells, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 12(10), С. 1349 - 1349

Опубликована: Май 9, 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral infection caused by SARS-CoV-2 that induces generalized inflammatory state. Organokines (adipokines, osteokines, myokines, hepatokines, and cardiokines) can produce beneficial or harmful effects in this condition. This study aimed to systematically review the role of organokines on COVID-19. PubMed, Embase, Google Scholar, Cochrane databases were searched, Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines followed, 37 studies selected, comprising more than 2700 individuals infected with virus. Among COVID-19 patients, have been associated endothelial dysfunction multiple organ failure due augmented cytokines increased viremia. Changes pattern secretion directly indirectly contribute aggravating infection, promoting immune response alterations, predicting progression. These molecules potential be used as adjuvant biomarkers predict severity illness severe outcomes.

Язык: Английский

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Mechanisms, Effects, and Management of Neurological Complications of Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19 (NC-PASC)

Biomedicines, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(2), С. 377 - 377

Опубликована: Янв. 27, 2023

With a growing number of patients entering the recovery phase following infection with SARS-CoV-2, understanding long-term neurological consequences disease is important to their care. The complications post-acute sequelae SARS-CoV-2 (NC-PASC) represent myriad symptoms including headaches, brain fog, numbness/tingling, and other that many people report long after acute has resolved. Emerging reports are being published concerning COVID-19 its chronic effects, yet limited knowledge mechanisms challenged therapeutic efforts. To address these issues, we review broadly literature spanning 2020-2022 proposed underlying NC-PASC, outline associated COVID-19, discuss potential clinical interventions.

Язык: Английский

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