A Call to Action on Assessing and Mitigating Bias in Artificial Intelligence Applications for Mental Health

Perspectives on Psychological Science, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 18(5), С. 1062 - 1096

Опубликована: Дек. 9, 2022

Advances in computer science and data-analytic methods are driving a new era mental health research application. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies hold the potential to enhance assessment, diagnosis, treatment of people experiencing problems increase reach impact care. However, AI applications will not mitigate disparities if they built from historical data that reflect underlying social biases inequities. models biased against sensitive classes could reinforce even perpetuate existing inequities these create legacies differentially who is diagnosed treated, how effectively. The current article reviews health-equity implications applying problems, outlines state-of-the-art for assessing mitigating algorithmic bias, presents call action guide development

Язык: Английский

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Global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health services: A systematic review

Journal of Psychiatric Research, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 154, С. 354 - 377

Опубликована: Авг. 20, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Closing the accessibility gap to mental health treatment with a personalized self-referral chatbot

Nature Medicine, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 30(2), С. 595 - 602

Опубликована: Фев. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the diagnosis of leprosy in Brazil: An ecological and population-based study

The Lancet Regional Health - Americas, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 9, С. 100181 - 100181

Опубликована: Янв. 15, 2022

The pandemic caused by COVID-19 has seriously affected global health, resulting in the suspension of many regular health services, making diagnosis other infections difficult. Therefore, this study aimed to assess impact on leprosy Brazil during year 2020. We evaluated monthly incidence and calculated percentage change verify whether there was an increase or decrease number cases 2020, considering average over previous 5 years. used interrupted time series analysis trend before after start prepared spatial distribution maps, variation each state. verified a reduction 41.4% Likewise, notifications children under 15 years-old (-56.82%). Conversely, multibacillary increased (8.1%). There decreasing general population between 2015 2020 Brazil. Spatial maps depicted up 100% new some states. Along with spread years-old, also diagnosed, signalling serious control strategies This research received no specific grants.

Язык: Английский

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Mental Health Impact of Early Stages of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Individuals with Pre-Existing Mental Disorders: A Systematic Review of Longitudinal Research

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 20(2), С. 948 - 948

Опубликована: Янв. 4, 2023

In view of disease-related threats, containment measures, and disrupted healthcare, individuals with pre-existing mental illness might be vulnerable to adverse effects the COVID-19 pandemic. Previous reviews indicated increased distress, limited information on peri-pandemic changes. this systematic review, we aimed identify longitudinal research investigating pre- and/or changes health in patients, focusing early phase considering specific diagnoses. PsycINFO, Web Science, WHO Global literature coronavirus disease database, Cochrane Study Register weresearched through 31 May 2021. Studies were synthesized using vote counting based effect direction. We included 40 studies mostly from Western, high-income countries. Findings heterogeneous, improving deteriorating observed compared pre-pandemic data, partly depending underlying For changes, evidence was limited, some suggestion recovery distress. quality heterogeneous; only few investigated potential moderators (e.g., chronicity illness). Mental people conditions are heterogeneous within across diagnoses for comparisons. To improve services amid future global crises, forthcoming should understand medium- long-term effects, controlling measures.

Язык: Английский

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Conversational AI facilitates mental health assessments and is associated with improved recovery rates

BMJ Innovations, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 10(1-2), С. 4 - 12

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Mental health services across the globe are overburdened due to increased patient need for psychological therapies and a shortage of qualified mental practitioners. This is unlikely change in short-to-medium term. Digital support urgently needed facilitate access healthcare while creating efficiencies service delivery. In this paper, we evaluate use conversational artificial intelligence (AI) solution ( Limbic Access ) assist both patients practitioners with referral, triage, clinical assessment mild-to-moderate adult illness. Assessing context England’s National Health Service (NHS) Talking Therapies services, demonstrate cohort study design that deploying such an AI associated improved recovery rates. We find those NHS introduced their rates, comparable country reported deteriorating rates during same time period. Further, provide economic analysis indicating usage can be highly cost-effective relative other methods improving Together, these results highlight potential solutions delivery quality care worsening workforce supply system overburdening. For transparency, authors paper declare our conflict interest as employees shareholders Access, referred paper.

Язык: Английский

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Using Conversational AI to Facilitate Mental Health Assessments and Improve Clinical Efficiency Within Psychotherapy Services: Real-World Observational Study

JMIR AI, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 2, С. e44358 - e44358

Опубликована: Окт. 20, 2023

Background Most mental health care providers face the challenge of increased demand for psychotherapy in absence funding or staffing. To overcome this supply-demand imbalance, must increase efficiency service delivery. Objective In study, we examined whether artificial intelligence (AI)–enabled digital solutions can help practitioners to use their time more efficiently, and thus reduce strain on services improve patient outcomes. Methods focused an AI solution (Limbic Access) support initial referral clinical assessment within UK’s National Health Service. Data were collected from 9 Talking Therapies across England, comprising 64,862 patients. Results We showed that improves by reducing clinicians spend assessments. Furthermore, found improved outcomes patients using several key metrics, such as reduced wait times, dropout rates, allocation appropriate treatment pathways, and, most importantly, recovery rates. When investigating mechanism which achieved these improvements, provision clinically relevant information ahead was critical observed effects. Conclusions Our results emphasize utility workforce, further highlighting potential delivery

Язык: Английский

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An Analysis of the Great Disruption of COVID-19 Pandemic

SocioEconomic Challenges, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 8(1), С. 219 - 239

Опубликована: Апрель 2, 2024

The emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic in late 2019 led to a global crisis unprecedented scale and complexity that disrupted almost every aspect human life. has taken people, institutions governments by surprise, so impact virus been profound far-reaching. rapid relentless spread challenged health systems, strained economies, altered daily routines educational settings at work, tested resilience communities worldwide. Different studies have identified vulnerabilities world’s ability respond emergencies individual societal levels. This study presents systematic literature review theoretical analysis disruptions caused help formulate strategies encourage flexibility face such complex interconnected disruptions. article analyzes consequences through prism two main theories: theory situational communications (type crisis, its history, responsibility, perceived seriousness, predictable probability, strategies, post-crisis reputation), as well social learning (learning observation, modeling imitation, positive negative reinforcement formation behavior). In addition, nature society’s adaptation challenges is also considered subversive innovations (progress communication technologies, new methods remote work education, entry networks into business world, introduction asynchronous communication). summarizes scientific progress on following workplace, healthcare system, education. provides recommendations steps individuals, can take increase readiness adapt next (interdisciplinary cooperation, system analysis). conducted made it possible outline most promising directions for further qualitative intervention (in-depth case taking account specific context regions, organizations or identify effective ineffective policies practices; interviews with key stakeholders understand intricacies decision-making crisis); action (building community resilience, collaborative research efforts involving policymakers, experts representatives develop response jointly) quantitative (analysis spread, vaccination disease control, economic effects pandemic, etc.).

Язык: Английский

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Sociodemographic and clinical changes in pediatric in-patient admissions for mental health emergencies during the COVID-19 pandemic: March 2020 to June 2021

Psychiatry Research Communications, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 2(1), С. 100023 - 100023

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2022

COVID-19 pandemic may affect children's mental health. Children <18 years in-patiently admitted for health emergencies between March 2020 and June 2021 were compared to those in the same period of 2018-2019 terms sociodemographic clinical characteristics. There 49 admissions pre-pandemic 60 (IRR: 1.22; 95% CI: 0.84-1.79), with latter more likely have a family history psychiatric disorders, personal physical disturbances, present suicidal risk, being diagnosed an externalizing disorder. This study underscores increased need pediatric services.

Язык: Английский

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Association of Health Behaviors with Mental Health Problems in More than 7000 Adolescents during COVID-19

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 19(15), С. 9072 - 9072

Опубликована: Июль 25, 2022

Previous studies show detrimental effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdowns on lives adolescents. Adolescents have experienced disruption in their daily routines, including changes health behaviors such as an increased sedentary behavior smartphone usage. The aim this study was to assess association with mental problems Austrian adolescents during pandemic. Five cross-sectional surveys (February 2021 May 2022) were performed assessing physical activity, usage, depressive symptoms (PHQ-9), anxiety (GAD-7), sleep quality (ISI-7), stress (PSS-10). In total, N = 7201 (age: 14−20 years ((MW±SD): 16.63 ± 1.49 years); 70.2% female, 18.8% migration background) participated. A strong increase mobile phone usage well a decrease activity compared pre-pandemic data observed (p < 0.001). Compared lowest user group (<1 h/d), adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for all investigated increasing up 3.2−6.8 high-utilizers (>8 h/d). aORs depressive, anxiety, insomnia, decreased physically active inactive Results highlight need measures promote responsible so adolescence.

Язык: Английский

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