Diabetes mellitus: Classification, mediators, and complications; A gate to identify potential targets for the development of new effective treatments

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 168, С. 115734 - 115734

Опубликована: Окт. 17, 2023

Nowadays, diabetes mellitus has emerged as a significant global public health concern with remarkable increase in its prevalence. This review article focuses on the definition of and classification into different types, including type 1 (idiopathic fulminant), 2 diabetes, gestational hybrid forms, slowly evolving immune-mediated ketosis-prone other special types. Diagnostic criteria for are also discussed. The role inflammation both is explored, along mediators potential anti-inflammatory treatments. Furthermore, involvement various organs highlighted, such adipose tissue obesity, gut microbiota, pancreatic β-cells. manifestation Langerhans β-cell islet inflammation, oxidative stress, impaired insulin production secretion addressed. Additionally, impact liver cirrhosis, acute kidney injury, immune system complications, diabetic complications like retinopathy neuropathy examined. Therefore, further research required to enhance diagnosis, prevent chronic identify therapeutic targets management associated dysfunctions.

Язык: Английский

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Anticoagulants as Potential SARS-CoV-2 Mpro Inhibitors for COVID-19 Patients: In Vitro, Molecular Docking, Molecular Dynamics, DFT, and SAR Studies

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 23(20), С. 12235 - 12235

Опубликована: Окт. 13, 2022

In this article, 34 anticoagulant drugs were screened in silico against the main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 using molecular docking tools. Idraparinux, fondaparinux, eptifibatide, heparin, and ticagrelor demonstrated highest binding affinities towards Mpro. A dynamics study at 200 ns was also carried out for most promising anticoagulants to provide insights into dynamic thermodynamic properties compounds. Moreover, a quantum mechanical conducted which helped us attest some findings. biological evaluation (in vitro) compounds performed by carrying MTT cytotoxicity assay crystal violet order assess inhibitory concentration 50 (IC50). It is worth noting that displayed intrinsic potential inhibition with an IC50 value 5.60 µM safety index 25.33. addition, fondaparinux sodium dabigatran showed activities values 8.60 9.40 µM, respectively, indexes 17.60 15.10, respectively. Mpro enzyme investigated utilizing tipranavir as reference standard. Interestingly, attained 2.36 surpassing (IC50 = 7.38 µM) more than three-fold. Furthermore, highly eligible 10.59 µM. Finally, SAR discussed, counting on findings both vitro approaches.

Язык: Английский

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Design and synthesis of novel benzoazoninone derivatives as potential CBSIs and apoptotic inducers: In Vitro, in Vivo, molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and SAR studies

Bioorganic Chemistry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 127, С. 105995 - 105995

Опубликована: Июнь 30, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Physiological Benefits of Novel Selenium Delivery via Nanoparticles

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 24(7), С. 6068 - 6068

Опубликована: Март 23, 2023

Dietary selenium (Se) intake within the physiological range is critical to maintain various biological functions, including antioxidant defence, redox homeostasis, growth, reproduction, immunity, and thyroid hormone production. Chemical forms of dietary Se are diverse, organic (selenomethionine, selenocysteine, selenium-methyl-selenocysteine) inorganic (selenate selenite). Previous studies have largely investigated compared health impacts on agricultural stock humans, where has shown benefits, enhanced growth performance, immune nutritional quality meats, with reduced oxidative stress inflammation, finally fertility in humans. The emergence nanoparticles presents a novel innovative technology. Notably, form (SeNPs) lower toxicity, higher bioavailability, excretion animals, linked more powerful superior activities (at comparable dose) than traditional chemical Se. As result, development tailored SeNPs for their use intensive agriculture as candidate therapeutic drugs human pathologies now being actively explored. This review highlights reproductive performances, role modulating heat inflammation varying modes synthesis SeNPs.

Язык: Английский

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Application of nanotechnology in the treatment of glomerulonephritis: current status and future perspectives

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 22(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 3, 2024

Abstract Glomerulonephritis (GN) is the most common cause of end-stage renal failure worldwide; in cases, it cannot be cured and can only delay progression disease. At present, main treatment methods include symptomatic therapy, immunosuppressive replacement therapy. However, effective GN hindered by issues such as steroid resistance, serious side effects, low bioavailability, lack precise targeting. With widespread application nanoparticles medical treatment, novel have emerged for kidney diseases. Targeted transportation drugs, nucleic acids, other substances to tissues even cells through nanodrug delivery systems reduce systemic effects adverse reactions drugs improve effectiveness. The high specificity enables them bind ion channels block or enhance channel gating, thus improving inflammation. This review briefly introduces characteristics GN, describes status systematically summarizes research achievements primary diabetic nephropathy lupus nephritis, analyzes recent therapeutic developments, outlines promising directions, gas signaling molecule ultrasmall nanoparticles. current summarized provide a reference better future. Graphical

Язык: Английский

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Unveiling the Ameliorative Effects of Phyto-selenium Nanoparticles (PSeNPs) on Anti-hyperglycemic Activity and Hyperglycemia Irradiated Complications

BioNanoScience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(2)

Опубликована: Фев. 10, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Ligand-based design, synthesis, computational insights, andin vitrostudies of novelN-(5-Nitrothiazol-2-yl)-carboxamido derivatives as potent inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 main protease

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 37(1), С. 2112 - 2132

Опубликована: Июль 31, 2022

The global outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic provokes scientists to make a prompt development new effective therapeutic interventions for battle against SARS-CoV-2. A series

Язык: Английский

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Biological evaluation, docking studies, and in silico ADME prediction of some pyrimidine and pyridine derivatives as potential EGFR ^WT and EGFR ^T790M inhibitors

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 38(1), С. 176 - 191

Опубликована: Ноя. 1, 2022

Herein, a set of pyridine and pyrimidine derivatives were assessed for their impact on the cell cycle apoptosis. Human breast cancer (MCF7), hepatocellular carcinoma (HEPG2), larynx (HEP2), lung (H460), colon cancers (HCT116 Caco2), hypopharyngeal (FADU), normal Vero lines used. Compounds 8 14 displayed outstanding effects investigated further tested antioxidant activity in MCF7, H460, FADU, HEP2, HEPG2, HCT116, Caco2, cells by measuring superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde content (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), nitric oxide (NO) content. Besides, Annexin V-FITC apoptosis detection DNA index using HEPG-2 line established both compounds as well. Furthermore, EGFR kinase (Wild T790M) inhibitory activities, revealing eligible potential. Additionally, molecular docking, ADME, SAR studies carried out candidates.

Язык: Английский

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Targeting HMGB1: A Potential Therapeutic Strategy for Chronic Kidney Disease

International Journal of Biological Sciences, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 19(15), С. 5020 - 5035

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2023

High-mobility group protein box 1 (HMGB1) is a member of highly conserved high-mobility present in all cell types.HMGB1 plays multiple roles both inside and outside the cell, depending on its subcellular localization, context, post-translational modifications.HMGB1 also associated with progression various diseases.Particularly, HMGB1 critical role CKD prognosis.HMGB1 participates key events by activating downstream signals, including renal inflammation, onset persistent fibrosis, aging, AKI-to-CKD transition, important cardiovascular complications.More importantly, distinct chronic pathophysiology kidney disease, which differs from that acute lesions.This review describes regulatory homeostasis summarizes how affects prognosis.Finally, some promising therapeutic strategies for targeted inhibition improving are summarized.Although application as target faces challenges, more in-depth understanding intracellular extracellular mechanisms underly occurrence might render an attractive CKD.

Язык: Английский

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Investigating the potential anticancer activities of antibiotics as topoisomerase II inhibitors and DNA intercalators: in vitro , molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and SAR studies

Journal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 38(1)

Опубликована: Янв. 26, 2023

Topoisomerase II (TOP-2) is a promising molecular target for cancer therapy. Numerous antibiotics could interact with biologically relevant macromolecules and provoke antitumor potential. Herein, docking studies were used to investigate the binding interactions of 138 against human topoisomerase II-DNA complex. Followed by MD simulations 200 ns MM-GBSA calculations. On other hand, activities most candidates investigated three cell lines using doxorubicin (DOX) as reference drug. Notably, spiramycin (SP) clarithromycin (CL) showed anticancer potentials on MCF-7 line. Moreover, azithromycin (AZ) CL exhibited good HCT-116 Finally, TOP-2 enzyme inhibition assay was carried out confirm proposed rationale. Briefly, potent inhibitory recorded erythromycin (ER) roxithromycin (RO). Additionally, SAR study opened eyes pharmacophores encountered these antibiotics.HighlightsMolecular 139 complex.SP, RO, AZ, CL, ER commercially available candidates.Molecular dynamics five complexes.MM-GBSA calculations frontier complexes.SP line, besides, AZ line.Potent RO.

Язык: Английский

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