The memory trace of a stressful episode

Current Biology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 31(23), С. 5204 - 5213.e8

Опубликована: Окт. 16, 2021

Stress influences episodic memory formation via noradrenaline and glucocorticoid effects on amygdala hippocampus. A common finding is the improvement of for central aspects a stressful episode. This putatively related to changes in neural representations specific experiences, i.e., their traces. Here we show that objects were encountered episode relates differences these amygdala. Using functional magnetic resonance imaging, found stress specifically altered objects: compared control objects, they became more similar one another distinct from not part this Furthermore, higher similarity main stressor-the faces stress-inducing committee members-predicted better memory. suggests closely integrated into stressor-centered representation. Our findings provide mechanistic insights how shapes trace have profound implications neurocognitive models emotional

Язык: Английский

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Implicit and explicit emotional memory recall in anxiety and depression: Role of basolateral amygdala and cortisol-norepinephrine interaction

Psychoneuroendocrinology, Год журнала: 2021, Номер 136, С. 105598 - 105598

Опубликована: Ноя. 24, 2021

Anxiety and depression are linked to both explicit implicit memory biases, which defined as the tendency preferentially recall emotionally negative information at conscious subconscious levels, respectively. Functional connectivity (FC) of basolateral amygdala (BLA) related stress hormones (i.e., cortisol norepinephrine) purportedly implicated in these biases. However, previous findings on biases anxiety have been inconsistent, likely due their symptomatic complications. Therefore, underlying neurobiological mechanism remains unclear. We thus investigated whether premorbid predispositions FC BLA, cortisol, 3-methoxy-4-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG: a major metabolite would affect anxiety/depression-related biased 100 participants without psychiatric symptomatology. Psycho-behavioral assessment, resting-state fMRI scans, saliva collection 10-points-in-time across two days were conducted. Correlations with anxiety/depression markers explored. As result, neither nor correlated bias (vs. positive) information, although was associated better stimuli only when they perceived self-relevant. In contrast, bias; however, effects solely explained by anxiety. Furthermore, BLA subgenual anterior cingulate cortex (sgACC) synergetic effect MHPG uniquely affected bias. These suggest that facilitates an initial snapshot can be accompanied creates semantic associations self. The BLA-sgACC neural cortisol-norepinephrine interaction might one important targets prevention treatment for comorbid depressive disorders.

Язык: Английский

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β-adrenoceptors of the infra-limbic cortex mediate corticosterone-induced enhancement of acquisition and consolidation of fear memory extinction in rats

Behavioural Brain Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 442, С. 114310 - 114310

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Exploring stress hormone effects on memory specificity and strength in mice using the dual-event inhibitory avoidance task

Learning & Memory, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 32(1), С. a053956 - a053956

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025

Stressful and emotionally arousing experiences induce the release of noradrenergic glucocorticoid hormones that synergistically strengthen memories but differentially regulate qualitative aspects memory. This highlights need for sophisticated behavioral tasks allow assessment memory quality. The dual-event inhibitory avoidance task rats is such a designed to evaluate both strength specificity stimulant yohimbine given systemically immediately after training session was found enhance memory, whereas corticosterone induced generalized strengthening As mice are preferred species targeted gene neural circuit manipulations, we here aimed set up mice, replicate effects systemic administration on specificity. Whereas noninjected control efficiently acquired selectively avoided test context previously associated with footshock, introduction posttraining intraperitoneal injections testing order substantially increased variability within groups across experiments, precluding thorough investigation stress hormone Thus, can be used in our findings indicate impact performance. Therefore, this less suitable assess mice.

Язык: Английский

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Ready for translation: non-invasive auricular vagus nerve stimulation inhibits psychophysiological indices of stimulus-specific fear and facilitates responding to repeated exposure in phobic individuals

Translational Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)

Опубликована: Апрель 9, 2025

Abstract Recent laboratory research showed that vagus nerve stimulation promotes fear extinction, the inhibitory core mechanism of exposure treatment, presumably via activation noradrenergic brain system. However, a translation this technique to clinical practice is lacking. We therefore investigated potential vagal inhibit excessive responses and facilitate responding in-vivo in individuals with specific phobia. Spider-phobic participants were subjected three standardized exposures towards living tarantula, complemented by an vitro (between vivo I II). Transcutaneous auricular (taVNS) was applied during in-vitro exposure, presenting pictures exposed other spiders neutral tools laboratory. Fear assessed self-reports behavioral avoidance (in-vivo exposures), amygdala-mediated autonomic components (exposure vitro). Vagal facilitated reduction across repeated exposures. During taVNS inhibited tachycardia corrugator muscle activity specifically response previously tarantula – effect became stronger increasing duration. Psychophysiological indices transmission basolateral amygdala elevated correlated subsequent attenuation avoidance. Our results suggest, exerts stimulus-specific dose-dependent inhibition multiple automatic fear, highlighting as valuable adjunct exposure-based treatment. A translational action supported, proposing exhibits its effects extinction circuitry, particularly targeting amygdala.

Язык: Английский

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Subcortical Brain Volumes Relate to Neurocognition in First-Episode Schizophrenia, Bipolar Disorder, Major Depression Disorder, and Healthy Controls

Frontiers in Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12

Опубликована: Янв. 25, 2022

Objective To explore differences and similarities in relationships between subcortical structure volumes neurocognition among the four subject groups, including first-episode schizophrenia (FES), bipolar disorder (BD), major depression (MDD), healthy controls (HCs). Methods We presented findings from neurocognitive analyses of 244 subjects (109 patients with FES; 63 BD, 30 MDD, 42 HCs). Using FreeSurfer software, 16 selected structures were automatically segmented analyzed for results seven tests MATRICS (Measurement Treatment Research to Improve Cognition Schizophrenia) Cognitive Consensus Battery (MCCB). Results Larger left lateral ventricle FES reduced bilateral hippocampus amygdala FES, lower BD MDD compared HCs, both had a volume than MDD; there cognitive dimension, five two dimension impairments respectively; significant found but not HCs; besides age years education, some can predict performances variance. Conclusion The different degrees lessening may contribute impairment three psychiatric disorders.

Язык: Английский

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Continuously changing memories: a framework for proactive and non-linear consolidation

Trends in Neurosciences, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 46(1), С. 8 - 19

Опубликована: Ноя. 22, 2022

Язык: Английский

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An Artificial Autonomic Nervous System That Implements Heart and Pupil as Controlled by Artificial Sympathetic and Parasympathetic Nerves

Advanced Functional Materials, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 33(9)

Опубликована: Дек. 16, 2022

Abstract The autonomic nervous system maintains homeostasis in organisms through complex neural pathways and responds adaptively to changes the external internal environment. fabrication of an artificial is reported that replicates combined effects sympathetic parasympathetic nerves on cardiac activity pupillary control, mimic regulation changes. nerve‐controlled pupil contraction relaxation, modulating rate heartbeats for normal rhythm arrhythmia as reflected by blink rates a signal indicator. These functions are switched using parallel‐channeled synaptic transistor with special n‐i‐p heterostructure has 2D h‐BN insulator middle provide barrier against ion injection into MoS 2 bottom n‐channel enable short‐term plasticity induced acetylcholine, electrochemical doping reaction occurred at P3HT nanowire p‐channels top relatively long‐term noradrenaline. Low‐energy consumption down femtojoule ultrahigh paired‐pulse facilitation index up ≈455% demonstrated. An network based device characteristics achieves high recognition accuracy electrocardiogram patterns. This study extends insights nerves‐inspired biological processing recognition.

Язык: Английский

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Hippocampal Mechanisms Support Cortisol-Induced Memory Enhancements

Journal of Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 43(43), С. 7198 - 7212

Опубликована: Окт. 9, 2023

Stress can powerfully influence episodic memory, often enhancing memory encoding for emotionally salient information. These stress-induced enhancements stand at odds with demonstrations that stress and the stress-related hormone cortisol negatively affect hippocampus, a brain region important encoding. To resolve this apparent conflict determine whether how hippocampus supports under cortisol, we combined behavioral assays of associative high-resolution fMRI, pharmacological manipulation in within-participant, double-blinded procedure (in both sexes). Behaviorally, hydrocortisone promoted subjectively arousing, positive memories. Neurally, led to enhanced functional connectivity between hippocampal subregions, which predicted subsequent emotional associations. Cortisol also modified relationship representations memory: whereas signatures distinctiveness placebo, relative integration cortisol. Together, these data provide novel evidence human contains necessary machinery support

Язык: Английский

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Acute Stress Effects on Statistical Learning and Episodic Memory

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 36(8), С. 1741 - 1759

Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2024

Stress is widely considered to negatively impact hippocampal function, thus impairing episodic memory. However, the hippocampus not merely seat of Rather, it also (via distinct circuitry) supports statistical learning. On basis rodent work suggesting that stress may impair pathway involved in memory while sparing or enhancing learning, we developed a behavioral experiment investigate effects acute on both and learning humans. Participants were randomly assigned one three conditions: (socially evaluated cold pressor) immediately before ∼15 min no stress. In task, participants viewed series trial-unique scenes (allowing for encoding each image) which certain scene categories reliably followed another associations between paired categories). Memory was assessed 24 hr later isolate encoding/learning rather than retrieval. We found modest support our hypothesis can amplify learning: Only stressed advance exhibited reliable evidence across multiple measures. Furthermore, stress-induced cortisol levels predicted retention later. contrast, did differ by condition, although find preliminary promoted statistically predictable information attenuated competition encoding. Together, these findings provide initial insights into how differentially modulate processes within hippocampus.

Язык: Английский

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