Entomopathogenic fungi and their relevance in sustainable agriculture: A review

Cogent Food & Agriculture, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 9(1)

Опубликована: Март 2, 2023

The use of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) like Beauveria, Metarhizium, Lecanicillium, and Isaria is upsurging in recent years for the management crop insect pests. EPF are considered better than synthetic insecticides as they safe humans, sustainable to environment, target-specific nature. Many these pathogenic economically important pests thus capable controlling them. They cheaper long run, show lesser residual effects, able overcome problem resistance. degrades host cuticle proliferates hemolymph hyphal bodies, secreting toxins responsible death insects. later saprophytic growth leads production fungal spores reinfecting other hosts. Different commercial formulations available globally such liquid formulation, wettable powder, suspensible granules, so on. These under different trade names can be used several crops at recommended dosage obtain optimum results. storage conditions should maintained retain viability EPF. Modern biotechnological interventions could vital enhancing efficacy entomopathogens by manipulating their traits. Specialized researches necessary understand interaction between EPF, insects, crops, environment order explore best formulation mycoinsecticides. This review explores overview its mode action, significance, formulations, future prospects, summary findings. Readers realize essence agriculture through this review.

Язык: Английский

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Harnessing the plant microbiome for sustainable crop production

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Авг. 15, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Integrated Pest Management: An Update on the Sustainability Approach to Crop Protection

ACS Omega, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 9(40), С. 41130 - 41147

Опубликована: Сен. 28, 2024

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) emerged as a pest control framework promoting sustainable intensification of agriculture, by adopting combined strategy to reduce reliance on chemical pesticides while improving crop productivity and ecosystem health. This critical review synthesizes the most recent advances in IPM research practice, mostly focusing studies published within past five years. The Review discusses key components IPM, including cultural practices, biological control, genetic targeted pesticide application, with particular emphasis significant advancements made delivery systems. Recent findings highlight growing importance conservation which involves management agricultural landscapes promote natural enemy populations. Furthermore, discovery novel biopesticides, microbial agents plant-derived compounds, has expanded arsenal tools available for eco-friendly management. Substantial progress recently also been development systems, such nanoemulsions controlled-release formulations, can minimize environmental impact maintaining their efficacy. analyzes environmental, economic, social dimensions adoption, showcasing its potential biodiversity ensure food safety. Case from various agroecological contexts demonstrate successful implementation programs, highlighting participatory approaches effective knowledge exchange among stakeholders. identifies main challenges opportunities widespread adoption need transdisciplinary research, capacity building, policy support. In conclusion, this essential role achieving it seeks optimize production minimizing adverse impacts enhancing resilience systems global climate change loss.

Язык: Английский

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Study on the virulence of Metarhizium anisopliae against Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797)

Journal of Basic Microbiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 64(5)

Опубликована: Фев. 2, 2024

Abstract This study examined the impact of Metarhizium anisopliae (Hypocreales: Clavicipitaceae) conidia on eggs, larvae, pupae, and adults Spodoptera frugiperda . The results showed that exhibited mortality rates were dependent dose. An increased amount (1.5 × 10 9 conidia/mL) was found to be toxic after days treatment, resulting in a 100% rate 98% 76% 85% adults. A using earthworms as bioindicators 3 exposure, M. did not cause any harmful effects earthworms. In contrast, chemical treatment (positive control) resulted at concentration 40 ppm. Histopathological studies earthworm gut tissues treated with fungal show significant differences compared those negative control. monocrotophos damage, notable observed treatment. treatments 70 100 µg/mL solutions Eudrilus eugeniae epidermal mucus no growth. analysis enzymes biochemical level revealed decrease levels acetylcholinesterase, α‐carboxylesterase, β‐carboxylesterase S. larvae exposure conidia. is effective against , highlighting potential this entomopathogenic fungus controlling agricultural insect pest.

Язык: Английский

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Microbiome Engineering for Sustainable Rice Production: Strategies for Biofertilization, Stress Tolerance, and Climate Resilience

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 13(2), С. 233 - 233

Опубликована: Янв. 22, 2025

The plant microbiome, found in the rhizosphere, phyllosphere, and endosphere, is essential for nutrient acquisition, stress tolerance, overall health of plants. This review aims to update our knowledge critically discuss diversity functional roles rice as well microbiome engineering strategies enhance biofertilization resilience. Rice hosts various microorganisms that affect cycling, growth promotion, resistance stresses. Microorganisms carry out these functions through nitrogen fixation, phytohormone metabolite production, enhanced solubilization uptake, regulation host gene expression. Recent research on molecular biology has elucidated complex interactions within microbiomes signalling mechanisms establish beneficial microbial communities, which are crucial sustainable production environmental health. Crucial factors successful commercialization agents include soil properties, practical field conditions, genotype. Advances engineering, from traditional inoculants synthetic biology, optimize availability resilience abiotic stresses like drought. Climate change intensifies challenges, but innovations microbiome-shaping genes (M genes) offer promising solutions crop also discusses agronomic implications emphasizing need further exploration M breeding disease traits. Ultimately, we provide an current findings rice, highlighting pathways productivity sustainably while minimizing impacts.

Язык: Английский

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Insecticidal Efficacy of Metarhizium anisopliae Derived Chemical Constituents against Disease-Vector Mosquitoes

Journal of Fungi, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 8(3), С. 300 - 300

Опубликована: Март 15, 2022

Insecticides can cause significant harm to both terrestrial and aquatic environments. The new insecticides derived from microbial sources are a good option with no environmental consequences.

Язык: Английский

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Toxicity of Metarhizium flavoviride conidia virulence against Spodoptera litura (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) and its impact on physiological and biochemical activities

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 12(1)

Опубликована: Окт. 6, 2022

Abstract Insect pests of agricultural crops have establish immunological tolerance against fungal infection caused by pathogens via different humoral and cellular processes. Fungal can be prevented insect antioxidant detoxifying enzymes, but there is no clear understanding how they physiologically biochemically interact. Our study aims to examine the enzyme defense systems pest Spodoptera litura in response Metarhizium flavoviride . At 48 h following exposure M. , levels were modified, phenoloxidase total hemocyte count decreased significantly. The amount enzymes increased appears directly affect S. immune system results immunity. In a bioassay, was found harmful larvae their third fourth instar stage. may an effective tool control larvae. Such entomopathogenic fungi represent cheaper, pollution free, target specific, promising alternatives synthetic chemical tools for pests.

Язык: Английский

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Entomopathogenic Fungi: An Eco-Friendly Synthesis of Sustainable Nanoparticles and Their Nanopesticide Properties

Microorganisms, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 11(6), С. 1617 - 1617

Опубликована: Июнь 19, 2023

The agricultural industry could undergo significant changes due to the revolutionary potential of nanotechnology. Nanotechnology has a broad range possible applications and advantages, including insect pest management using treatments based on nanoparticle insecticides. Conventional techniques, such as integrated management, are inadequate, chemical pesticides negative consequences. As result, nanotechnology would provide ecologically beneficial effective alternatives for control. Considering remarkable traits they exhibit, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) recognized prospects in agriculture. Due their efficiency great biocompatibility, utilization biologically synthesized nanosilver control significantly increased nowadays. Silver have been produced wide microbes plants, which is considered an environmentally friendly method. However, among all, entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) most be used biosynthesis with variety properties. Therefore, this review, different ways get rid pests discussed, focus importance growing popularity biosynthesized nanosilver, especially made from that kill insects. Finally, review highlights need further studies so bio-nanosilver tested field application exact mode action against can elucidated, will eventually boon putting check populations.

Язык: Английский

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First report on the enzymatic and immune response of Metarhizium majus bag formulated conidia against Spodoptera frugiperda: An ecofriendly microbial insecticide

Frontiers in Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 14

Опубликована: Март 2, 2023

Entomopathogenic fungi from microbial sources are a powerful tool for combating insecticide resistance in insect pests. The purpose of the current study was to isolate, identify, and evaluate bag-formulated entomopathogenic fungal conidial virulence against We further investigated enzymatic responses induced by as well effect on non-target species. were isolated Palamalai Hills, India, using bait method, Metarhizium majus (MK418990.1) entomopathogen identified biotechnological techniques (genomic DNA isolation 18S rDNA amplification). Bag-formulated efficacy (2.5 × 103, 2.5 104, 105, 106, 107 conidia/ml) evaluated third instar larvae Spodoptera frugiperda at 3, 6, 9, 12 days treatment, acid alkaline phosphatases, catalase, superoxide dismutase 3 post-treatment. After assays earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae performed an artificial soil assay. Results bag formulated treatment showed that S. had high susceptibility rates higher concentrations M. majus. Lower concentration 103 conidia/ml caused 68.6% mortality, while 100% mortality 9 post treatment. Investigation into revealed conidia exposure conidia/ml), enzyme levels significantly changed, with catalase enzymes reduced raised relative control. no sublethal effects observed E. eugeniae, damage gut tissues including lumen epithelial cells, nucleus, setae, coelom, mitochondria, muscles. This offers support use target-specific control

Язык: Английский

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Entomopathogenic fungi based microbial insecticides and their physiological and biochemical effects on Spodoptera frugiperda (J.E. Smith)

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 13

Опубликована: Дек. 11, 2023

Background ‘The fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda ’, represents a significant threat to maize production, major staple crop in Asian countries. Methods In pursuit of more effective control this insect pest, our study assessed the physiological and biochemical effects entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae against larvae S. . Results revealed that, following nine days treatment, high concentration conidia (1.5x10 7 conidia/mL -1 ) was toxic all stages (second fifth instar), resulting 97% mortality second instar, 89% third 77% fourth 72% instar. All larval instars were found have dose-dependent effects. Treated further displayed physiological, morphological, behavioral changes. Here, treated significantly lower levels acetylcholinesterase, α-carboxylesterase, β-carboxylesterase enzyme activity when compared groups. underwent an outward morphological change as result decrease exterior cuticle anal papillae demelanization interior cuticle. also exhibited abnormal feeding behaviors consequence negative impact treatment on neuromuscular system. Investigation into effect M. non-target organism, earthworm Eudrilus eugeniae , that did not produce pathogenicity three treatment. Furthermore, histological analysis no fungi gut tissue organism. Conclusion This highlights potential

Язык: Английский

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