Pathological Synaptic Plasticity in Neurological Disorders

IntechOpen eBooks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Апрель 28, 2025

This chapter will introduce the concept of pathological synaptic plasticity and its pivotal role in progression various neurological disorders. Synaptic plasticity, brain's ability to strengthen or weaken synapses response activity, is essential for learning memory. However, when these mechanisms are disrupted, they can contribute pathology diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s epilepsy, schizophrenia, autism spectrum explores molecular cellular foundations identifies how dysregulation leads dysfunction, examines clinical implications. Additionally, it reviews current emerging therapeutic strategies aimed at restoring normal function, offering insights into potential future research directions treatment modalities.

Язык: Английский

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The role of aberrant neural oscillations in the hippocampal-medial prefrontal cortex circuit in neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 195, С. 107683 - 107683

Опубликована: Сен. 26, 2022

Язык: Английский

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Rodents’ visual gamma as a biomarker of pathological neural conditions

The Journal of Physiology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 602(6), С. 1017 - 1048

Опубликована: Фев. 19, 2024

Abstract Neural gamma oscillations (indicatively 30–100 Hz) are ubiquitous: they associated with a broad range of functions in multiple cortical areas and across many animal species. Experimental computational works established rhythms as global emergent property neuronal networks generated by the balanced coordinated interaction excitation inhibition. Coherently, activity is strongly influenced alterations synaptic dynamics which often pathological neural dysfunctions. We argue therefore that these an optimal biomarker for probing mechanism Gamma also highly sensitive to external stimuli sensory cortices, especially primary visual cortex (V1), where stimulus dependence has been thoroughly investigated. manipulation tuning particularly easy rodents, have become standard model investigating effects network on oscillations. Overall, rodents’ offers accessible probe dysfunctional information processing conditions. Beyond vision‐related dysfunctions, rodents were indeed reported deficits such migraine, epilepsy neurodegenerative or neuropsychiatric conditions Alzheimer's, schizophrenia autism spectrum disorders. Altogether, connections between physio‐pathological rodent models underscore potential markers (dys)functioning. image

Язык: Английский

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Multiple cross-frequency coupling analysis of resting-state EEG in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15

Опубликована: Авг. 4, 2023

Electroencephalographic (EEG) abnormalities are seen in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) characteristic features of impairment. The most common findings EEG AD MCI increased relative power slow oscillations (delta theta rhythms) decreased fast (alpha, beta gamma rhythms). However, impairments processes not sufficiently reflected by brain oscillatory activity a particular frequency band. at high risk progressing to AD. Cross-frequency coupling (CFC), which refers between different bands, is crucial tool for comprehending changes performance. CFC exhibit some specificity MCI, but comparison individuals these disorders still lacking. aim this study was explore properties the relationship multiple types functional performance.We recorded resting-state (rsEEG) signals 46 patients, 43 cognitively healthy controls (HCs) analyzed as well scores on clinical tests function.Multiple couplings low-frequency high-frequency were found be significantly enhanced compared those HCs while delta-gamma theta-gamma right temporal parietal lobes HCs. Moreover, lobe tended stronger than HCs, it MCI. Multiple correlate various domains, especially memory function domain. Overall, suggest that must use more neural resources maintain resting state alterations become progressively obvious during progression likely valuable indicator pathology.

Язык: Английский

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A qualitative exploration of 40 Hz sound and music for older adults with mild cognitive impairment

Geriatric Nursing, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 56, С. 259 - 269

Опубликована: Фев. 24, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Olfactory bulb stimulation mitigates Alzheimer’s-like disease progression

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Март 6, 2024

Abstract Background Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has demonstrated potential in mitigating Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the invasive nature of DBS presents challenges for its application. The olfactory bulb (OB), showing early AD-related changes and extensive connections with memory regions, offers an attractive entry point intervention, potentially restoring normal activity deteriorating circuits. Aims Our study examined impact electrically stimulating OB on working as well pathological electrophysiological alterations OB, medial prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, entorhinal cortex amyloid beta (Aβ) AD model rats. Methods Male Wistar rats underwent surgery electrode implantation inducing Alzheimer’s-like disease. Bilateral (OB) electrical was performed 1 hour daily to group animals 18 consecutive days, followed by evaluations histological, behavioral, local field signal processing. Results counteracted Aβ plaque accumulation prevented AD-induced impairments. Furthermore, it prompted increase power across diverse frequency bands enhanced functional connectivity, particularly gamma band, within investigated regions during a task. Conclusion This preclinical investigation highlights pathway-based modulate deep-seated networks treatment. Importantly, accessibility this pathway via nasal cavity lays groundwork development minimally approaches targeting modulation.

Язык: Английский

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Evaluation of variation in preclinical electroencephalographic (EEG) spectral power across multiple laboratories and experiments: An EQIPD study

PLoS ONE, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 19(10), С. e0309521 - e0309521

Опубликована: Окт. 29, 2024

The European Quality In Preclinical Data (EQIPD) consortium was born from the fact that publications report challenges with robustness, rigor, and/or validity of research data, which may impact decisions about whether to proceed further preclinical testing or advance clinical testing, as well draw conclusions on predictability models. To address this, a including multiple laboratories academia and industry participated in series electroencephalography (EEG) experiments mice aimed detect sources variance gauge how protocol harmonisation data analytics such variance. Ultimately, goal this first ever between-laboratory comparison EEG recordings analyses validate principles supposedly increase quality, comparability. Experiments consisted Localisation phase, identify factors influence variability, Harmonisation phase evaluate standardized protocols centralised processing analysis reduced variance, Ring-Testing verify ability harmonised generate consistent findings. Indeed, variability reduction remained during phase. Results obtained multicentre qEEG study also confirmed complex nature starting surgery collection through pre-processing ultimately influenced results contributed findings across laboratories. Overall, centralized were crucial reducing laboratory-to-laboratory variability. end, it is recommended guidelines be updated followed for data.

Язык: Английский

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Electrophysiological Insights into Alzheimer's Disease: A Review of Human and Animal Studies

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер unknown, С. 105987 - 105987

Опубликована: Дек. 1, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Interictal epileptiform discharges affect memory in an Alzheimer’s Disease mouse model

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Год журнала: 2023, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2023

Interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) are transient abnormal electrophysiological events commonly observed in epilepsy patients but also present other neurological disease, such as Alzheimer's Disease (AD). Understanding the role IEDs have on hippocampal circuit is important for our understanding of cognitive deficits seen and AD. We characterize compare human from microwire recording with those AD transgenic mice implanted multi-layer silicon probes. Both local field potential features firing patterns pyramidal cells interneurons were similar mouse human. found that emerged CA3-1 circuits, they recruited silenced interneurons, followed by post-IED suppression. suppressed incidence altered properties physiological sharp-wave ripples (SPW-Rs), their properties, interfered replay place sequences a maze. In addition, inversely correlated daily memory performance. Together, work implicates may common epilepsy-independent phenomenon neurodegenerative diseases perturbs hippocampal-cortical communication interferes memory.Prevalence number people dementia increasing steadily. Therefore, novel treatment strategies learning disorders urgently necessary. IEDs, apart being surrogate epileptic brain regions, been linked to decline. Here we report models characteristics associated interneurons. Mice more displayed fewer SPW-Rs, poorer spatial trajectories, decreased IED suppression an unexplored target treat dysfunction diseases.

Язык: Английский

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Compulsive-like Behaviors in Amyloid-β 1-42–Induced Alzheimer’s Disease in Mice Are Associated With Hippocampo-cortical Neural Circuit Dysfunction

Biological Psychiatry Global Open Science, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 3(4), С. 773 - 784

Опубликована: Март 7, 2023

In addition to memory deficits, patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) experience neuropsychiatric disturbances. Recent studies have suggested the association of obsessive-compulsive disorder early stages AD. However, there is a lack understanding neurobiological underpinnings compulsive-like behaviors at neuronal circuit level and their relationship AD.We addressed this issue in an amyloid-β 1-42-induced mouse model AD by studying behaviors. Next, we compared hippocampal medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) local field potential pattern coherence between these regions control mice. We also assessed expression acetylcholine glutamatergic signaling regions, using quantitative polymerase chain reaction.Our findings show that mice exhibit behaviors, as evidenced enhanced marble burying, nest building, burrowing. Furthermore, exhibited hippocampo-cortical dysfunction demonstrated decreased power rhythmic oscillations theta (4-12 Hz) gamma (25-50 frequencies hippocampus mPFC, two functionally interconnected brain involved both compulsive Importantly, mPFC band animals was significantly reduced. found reduced cholinergic neurotransmission mice.We conclude functional alterations may play significant role mediating observed These help underlying mechanisms disorder-like phenotypes associated

Язык: Английский

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