Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
55, С. 101333 - 101333
Опубликована: Дек. 26, 2023
Investigations
of
structural
brain
abnormalities
in
antisocial
personality
disorder
and
psychopathy
associated
with
aggression
have
focused
on
prefrontal,
limbic,
paralimbic
regions.
In
this
narrative
review,
a
series
neuroanatomical
studies
are
discussed,
which
points
toward
an
important
role
the
cerebellum
aggressive
behavior.
Across
reviewed
studies,
volumetric
reduction
vermis
right
posterior
was
consistent
finding
violent
psychopathic
offenders.
The
observations
agree
results
healthy
volunteers,
show
that
volumes
cerebellar
hemisphere
correlated
impulsivity
Deviations
offenders
proposed
to
be
part
deficient
neural
circuit
implicated
emotion
regulation
executive
functions.
Journal of Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
44(17), С. e1538232024 - e1538232024
Опубликована: Апрель 24, 2024
Pain
is
considered
a
multidimensional
experience
that
embodies
not
merely
sensation,
but
also
emotion
and
perception.
As
appropriate
for
this
complexity,
pain
represented
processed
by
an
extensive
matrix
of
cortical
subcortical
structures.
Of
these
structures,
the
cerebellum
gaining
increasing
attention.
Although
association
between
both
acute
chronic
have
been
extensively
detailed
in
electrophysiological
neuroimaging
studies,
deep
understanding
what
functions
are
mediated
associations
lacking.
Nevertheless,
available
evidence
implies
lobules
IV–VI
Crus
I
especially
pertinent
to
processing,
anatomical
studies
reveal
regions
connect
with
higher-order
structures
sensorimotor,
emotional,
cognitive
function.
Therefore,
we
speculate
exerts
modulatory
role
via
its
communication
sites
executive,
reward,
limbic
On
basis,
review,
propose
numerous
ways
which
might
contribute
pain,
drawing
particular
attention
emotional
elements
pain.
In
addition,
emphasise
importance
advancing
our
knowledge
about
relationship
discussing
novel
therapeutic
opportunities
capitalize
on
association.
Abstract
The
cerebellum
plays
a
crucial
role
in
functions,
including
sensory‐motor
coordination,
cognition,
and
emotional
processing.
Compared
to
the
neocortex,
human
exhibits
protracted
developmental
trajectory.
This
delayed
timeline
may
lead
increased
sensitivity
of
external
influences,
potentially
extending
vulnerability
period
for
neurological
disorders.
Abnormal
cerebellar
development
individuals
with
autism
has
been
confirmed,
these
atypical
changes
affect
neocortex.
However,
due
heterogeneity
spectrum
disorder
(ASD),
regional
cerebellocerebral
structural
relationship
remain
unknown.
To
address
issues,
we
utilized
imaging
methods
optimized
cerebrum
on
817
aged
5–18
years
ABIDE
II
dataset.
After
FDR
correction,
significant
differences
between
groups
were
found
right
crus
II/VIIB
vermis
VI‐VII.
Structural
covariance
analysis
revealed
enhanced
parahippocampal
gyrus,
pars
opercularis,
transverse
temporal
gyrus
hemisphere
after
correction.
Furthermore,
some
regions
varied
across
sexes.
A
increase
specific
subcortical
structures
was
also
observed
ASD.
Our
study
patterns
autism,
which
suggested
that
underlying
pathological
processes
ASD
might
concurrently
brain
regions.
provided
insight
into
potential
pathways
as
therapeutic
targets
Nature Communications,
Год журнала:
2025,
Номер
16(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025
Over
the
past
decade,
research
has
shown
that
primary
motor
cortex
(M1),
brain's
main
output
for
movement,
also
responds
to
rewards.
These
reward
signals
may
shape
in
its
final
stages,
influencing
movement
invigoration
and
learning.
In
this
Perspective,
we
highlight
functional
roles
of
M1
propose
how
they
could
guide
advances
neurotechnologies
restoration,
specifically
brain-computer
interfaces
non-invasive
brain
stimulation.
Understanding
open
new
avenues
enhancing
control
rehabilitation.
The
(M1)
not
only
drives
but
authors
discuss
M1's
transform
like
stimulation
recovery.
The Cerebellum,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
23(4), С. 1532 - 1551
Опубликована: Фев. 20, 2024
Abstract
This
review
aimed
to
systematically
identify
and
comprehensively
the
role
of
cerebellum
in
performance
monitoring,
focusing
on
learning
from
processing
external
feedback
non-motor
learning.
While
1078
articles
were
screened
for
eligibility,
ultimately
36
studies
included
which
was
delivered
cognitive
tasks
referenced
cerebellum.
These
patient
populations
with
cerebellar
damage
healthy
subjects
applying
neuroimaging.
Learning
patients
different
diseases
heterogeneous,
only
about
half
all
showing
alterations.
One
study
using
EEG
demonstrated
that
associated
altered
neural
feedback.
Studies
assessing
brain
activity
task-based
fMRI
or
PET
one
resting-state
functional
imaging
investigated
connectivity
changes
following
feedback-based
participants
revealed
involvement
particularly
lateral
posterior
regions
Cerebellar
found
at
stages,
e.g.,
during
anticipation
onset
stimuli,
substantiating
cerebellum’s
relevance
aspects
monitoring
such
as
prediction.
Future
research
will
need
further
elucidate
precisely
how
,
where,
when
modulates
prediction
information,
subregions
are
relevant,
what
extent
alter
these
processes.
Cortex,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
173, С. 175 - 186
Опубликована: Фев. 15, 2024
The
amygdala
and
cerebellum
are
both
evolutionary
preserved
brain
structures
containing
cortical
as
well
subcortical
properties.
For
decades,
the
has
been
considered
fear-center
of
brain,
but
recent
advances
have
shown
that
acts
a
critical
hub
between
systems
shapes
social
affective
behaviors
beyond
fear.
Likewise,
is
dedicated
control
unit
fine-tunes
motor
behavior
to
fit
contextual
requirements.
There
however
increasing
evidence
strongly
influences
processes
domain.
These
insights
broadened
view
on
cerebellum's
functions
also
include
behavior.
Here
we
explore
how
might
interact
in
shaping
based
their
roles
threat
reactivity
reinforcement
learning.
A
novel
mechanistic
neural
framework
cerebellum-amygdala
interactions
will
be
presented
which
provides
for
testable
hypotheses
future
neuroscientific
research
humans.
The
key
elements
for
fear
extinction
learning
are
unexpected
omissions
of
expected
aversive
events,
which
considered
to
be
rewarding.
Given
its
reception
reward
information,
we
tested
the
hypothesis
that
cerebellum
contributes
prediction
error
processing
driving
via
connections
with
ventral
tegmental
area
(VTA).
Forty-three
young
and
healthy
participants
performed
a
three-day
conditioning
paradigm
in
7T
MR
scanner.
VTA
were
active
during
unconditioned
stimuli,
particularly
initial
trials.
Increased
functional
connectivity
was
observed
between
VTA,
indicating
could
positively
modulate
activity,
turn
might
facilitate
dopaminergic
signaling
learning.
These
results
imply
an
interaction
should
incorporated
into
existing
model
network.
