Neurobiology and systems biology of stress resilience

Physiological Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 104(3), С. 1205 - 1263

Опубликована: Март 14, 2024

Stress resilience is the phenomenon that some people maintain their mental health despite exposure to adversity or show only temporary impairments followed by quick recovery. Resilience research attempts unravel factors and mechanisms make possible harness its insights for development of preventative interventions in individuals at risk acquiring stress-related dysfunctions. Biological has been lagging behind psychological social sciences but seen a massive surge recent years. At same time, progress this field hampered methodological challenges related finding suitable operationalizations study designs, replicating findings, modeling animals. We embed review behavioral, neuroimaging, neurobiological, systems biological findings adults critical methods discussion. find preliminary evidence hippocampus-based pattern separation prefrontal-based cognitive control functions protect against pathological fears aftermath singular, event-type stressors [as found fear-related disorders, including simpler forms posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD)] facilitating perception safety. Reward system-based pursuit savoring positive reinforcers appear more generalized dysfunctions anxious-depressive spectrum resulting from severe longer-lasting (as depression, comorbid anxiety, PTSD). Links between preserved functioning these neural under neuroplasticity, immunoregulation, gut microbiome composition, integrity barrier blood-brain are beginning emerge. On basis, avenues pointed out.

Язык: Английский

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Harnessing Gut Microbiota for Biomimetic Innovations in Health and Biotechnology

Biomimetics, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 10(2), С. 73 - 73

Опубликована: Янв. 24, 2025

The gut microbiota is a complex and dynamic ecosystem that plays fundamental role in human health by regulating immunity, metabolism, the gut–brain axis. Beyond its critical physiological functions, it has emerged as rich source of inspiration for biomimetic innovations healthcare biotechnology. This review explores transformative potential microbiota-based biomimetics, focusing on key biological mechanisms such resilience, self-regulation, quorum sensing. These have inspired development innovative applications, including personalized probiotics, synbiotics, artificial microbiomes, bioinspired biosensors, bioremediation systems. Such technologies aim to emulate optimize intricate functions microbial ecosystems, addressing challenges environmental sustainability. integration advanced technologies, intelligence, bioengineering, multi-omics approaches, further accelerated biomimetics. tools enable precision therapies tailored individual profiles, enhance efficacy diagnostic systems, facilitate design environmentally sustainable solutions, waste-to-energy systems platforms. Emerging areas innovation, gut-on-chip models synthetic biology, offer unprecedented opportunities studying applying principles controlled environments. Despite these advancements, remain. replication complexity environments, ethical concerns regarding genetically engineered microorganisms, equitable access are hurdles must be addressed. underscores importance interdisciplinary collaboration public awareness overcoming barriers ensuring responsible solutions. By leveraging biomimetics represents promising frontier approach revolutionize therapeutic strategies, redefine tools, address global challenges, paving way more personalized, efficient, future medicine

Язык: Английский

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Altered cognitive function in obese patients: relationship to gut flora

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown

Опубликована: Фев. 12, 2025

Язык: Английский

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Cognition and gut microbiota in schizophrenia spectrum and mood disorders: A systematic review

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 162, С. 105722 - 105722

Опубликована: Май 15, 2024

Язык: Английский

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Vagus Nerve Suppression in Ischemic Stroke by Carotid Artery Occlusion: Implications for Metabolic Regulation, Cognitive Function, and Gut Microbiome in a Gerbil Model

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 25(14), С. 7831 - 7831

Опубликована: Июль 17, 2024

The vagus nerve regulates metabolic homeostasis and mediates gut–brain communication. We hypothesized that dysfunction, induced by truncated vagotomy (VGX) or carotid artery occlusion (AO), would disrupt communication exacerbate dysregulation, neuroinflammation, cognitive impairment. This study aimed to test the hypothesis in gerbils fed a high-fat diet. were divided into four groups: AO with VGX (AO_VGX), without (AO_NVGX), no (NAO_VGX), (NAO_NVGX). After 5 weeks on diet, neuronal cell death, neurological severity, hippocampal lipids inflammation, energy/glucose metabolism, intestinal morphology, fecal microbiome composition assessed. increased death severity scores associated lipid profiles peroxidation, as well changes inflammatory cytokine expression brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels. also body weight, visceral fat mass, insulin resistance decreased skeletal muscle mass. morphology altered, an increase abundance of Bifidobacterium decrease Akkermansia Ruminococcus. Microbial metagenome functions impacted, including glutamatergic synaptic activity, glycogen synthesis, amino acid biosynthesis. Interestingly, effects not significantly additive AO, suggesting inhibited partly offsetting VGX. In conclusion, exacerbated dysregulation energy, glucose, memory deficits, potentially through modulation axis. Targeting axis inhibiting suppression represents potential therapeutic strategy for ischemic stroke.

Язык: Английский

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The regulatory mechanism of intermittent fasting and probiotics on cognitive function by the microbiota‐gut‐brain axis

Journal of Food Science, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 90(3)

Опубликована: Март 1, 2025

Abstract Intermittent fasting (IF) is an eating pattern that promotes health and cognitive improvement through periodic eating. It has been shown to enhance neuroplasticity reduce oxidative stress inflammation. Recent studies have demonstrated probiotic supplementation enhances performance by modulating gut microbiota composition increasing short‐chain fatty acid production, which in turn neurogenesis synaptic plasticity. The microbiota‐gut‐brain axis (MGBA) the communication bridge between brain, influencing function immune, endocrine, nervous systems. combination of probiotics IF may exert complementary effects on function, with enhancing microbial diversity metabolic efficiency, while further modulate barrier integrity neurotransmitter synthesis. This review critically examines interplay via MGBA, identifying key mechanisms potential therapeutic strategies remain underexplored current research.

Язык: Английский

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Pick fecal microbiota transplantation to enhance therapy for major depressive disorder

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 128, С. 110860 - 110860

Опубликована: Сен. 9, 2023

Язык: Английский

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Peripheral inflammation and neurocognitive impairment: correlations, underlying mechanisms, and therapeutic implications

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 15

Опубликована: Ноя. 29, 2023

Cognitive impairments, such as learning and memory deficits, may occur in susceptible populations including the elderly patients who are chronically ill or have experienced stressful events, surgery, infection, trauma. Accumulating lines of evidence suggested that peripheral inflammation featured by recruitment immune cells release pro-inflammatory cytokines be activated during aging these conditions, participating system-brain communication. Lots progress has been achieved deciphering core bridging mechanism connecting cognitive which helpful developing early diagnosis, prognosis evaluation, prevention methods based on blood circulation system sampling intervention. In this review, we summarized evolving prevalence inflammation-associated neurocognitive impairments discussed research advances underlying mechanisms. We also highlighted treatment strategies against dysfunction.

Язык: Английский

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Just a gut feeling: Faecal microbiota transplant for treatment of depression – A mini-review

Journal of Psychopharmacology, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 38(4), С. 353 - 361

Опубликована: Март 26, 2024

Background: The microbiota–gut–brain axis (MGBA) allows bidirectional crosstalk between the brain and gut microbiota (GM) is believed to contribute regulating mood/cognition/behaviour/metabolism/health homeostasis. Manipulation of GM through faecal transplant (FMT) a new, exciting promising treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). Aims: This mini-review examines current research into FMT as therapy depression. Methods: Original articles published in Medline/Cochrane Library/PubMed/EMBASE/PsycINFO databases/National Institute Health website Clinicaltrials.gov/controlled-trials.com were searched. Full included reference lists evaluated. We summarise data on depression discuss communication MGBA interaction antidepressants this. review compositions dysbiosis depressed cohorts, focusing future directions MDD. Results: Studies have demonstrated significant patients compared healthy with overgrowth pro-inflammatory microbiota, reduction anti-inflammatory species reduced overall stability taxonomic richness. introduction gastrointestinal tract, facilitating restoration eubiosis. Conclusion: plays an integral role human health disease its rest body via MGBA. may provide means transfer phenotype recipient this concept humans attracting enormous attention prospective psychopathologies, such MDD, future. It be possible manipulate number ways, but further needed determine exact likelihood profiles involved development amelioration MDD humans, well long-term effects potential risks procedure.

Язык: Английский

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Gut microbiota profile in CDKL5 deficiency disorder patients

Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 14(1)

Опубликована: Март 28, 2024

Abstract CDKL5 deficiency disorder (CDD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by global developmental delay, early-onset seizures, intellectual disability, visual and motor impairments. Unlike Rett Syndrome (RTT), CDD lacks clear regression period. Patients with frequently encounter gastrointestinal (GI) disturbances exhibit signs of subclinical immune dysregulation. However, the underlying causes these conditions remain elusive. Emerging studies indicate potential connection between neurological disorders gut microbiota, an area completely unexplored in CDD. We conducted pioneering study, analyzing fecal microbiota composition individuals (n = 17) their healthy relatives 17). Notably, differences intestinal bacterial diversity were identified patients. In particular, at genus level, microbial communities increase relative abundance Clostridium_AQ , Eggerthella, Streptococcus Erysipelatoclostridium decrease Eubacterium, Dorea, Odoribacter Intestinomonas Gemmiger pointing toward dysbiotic profile. further investigated changes based on severity GI issues, seizure frequency, sleep disorders, food intake type, impairment neuro-behavioral features ambulation capacity. Enrichment Lachnoclostridium Enterobacteriaceae was observed patients more severe symptoms, while Clostridiaceae, Peptostreptococcaceae Coriobacteriaceae Erysipelotrichaceae Christensenellaceae Ruminococcaceae enriched experiencing daily epileptic seizures. Our findings suggest CDD, symptom severity. This study marks first exploration gut-microbiota-brain axis subjects It adds to growing body research emphasizing role opens doors interventions that target microbes aim improving lives

Язык: Английский

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