Acta Psychologica Sinica, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 56(1), С. 93 - 93
Опубликована: Ноя. 23, 2023
Язык: Английский
The Cerebellum, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 23(2), С. 802 - 832
Опубликована: Июль 10, 2023
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
49
Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience, Год журнала: 2024, Номер 18
Опубликована: Май 10, 2024
Schizophrenia (SZ) is a complex neuropsychiatric disorder associated with severe cognitive dysfunction. Although research has mainly focused on forebrain abnormalities, emerging results support the involvement of cerebellum in SZ physiopathology, particularly Cognitive Impairment Associated (CIAS). Besides its role motor learning and control, implicated cognition emotion. Recent suggests that structural functional changes are linked to deficits various domains including attention, working memory, decision-making. Moreover, cerebellar dysfunction related altered circuit activities connectivity brain regions processing. This review delves into CIAS. We initially consider major alterations CIAS, addressing impairments neurotransmitter systems, synaptic plasticity, connectivity. then focus recent findings showing several mechanisms also communication impaired. evidence implicates as key component circuits underpinning CIAS physiopathology. Further studies warranted might open new perspectives toward understanding physiopathology effective treatment these disorders.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
14
The Cerebellum, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 22(6), С. 1293 - 1307
Опубликована: Ноя. 23, 2022
The longstanding idea that the cerebral cortex is main neural correlate of human cognition can be elaborated by comparative analyses along vertebrate phylogenetic tree support view cerebello-cerebral system suited to non-motor functions more generally. In humans, diverse accounts have illustrated cerebellar involvement in cognitive functions. Although neocortex, and its transmodal association cortices such as prefrontal cortex, become disproportionately large over primate evolution specifically, neocortical volume does not appear exceptional relative variability within primates. Rather, several lines evidence indicate volumetric increase lateral cerebellum conjunction with connectivity cortical may linked mental operation This supported diverging adaptations potentially coevolve abilities across other vertebrates dolphins, parrots, elephants. Modular upon thus help better understand neuroevolutionary trajectory brain relation humans. Lateral lobules crura I-II their reciprocal connections areas substantially expanded great apes, This, notable ventral portions dentate nucleus a shift increased prefrontal-cerebellar connectivity, suggests modular sum, we show how neuroscience provides new avenues broaden our understanding context cognition.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
23
Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research, Год журнала: 2023, Номер 66(1), С. 325 - 346
Опубликована: Янв. 5, 2023
Individuals with developmental language disorder (DLD) often exhibit slower processing on time-based tasks in comparison age-matched peers. Processing speed has been linked to various linguistic skills and might serve as a global indicator of individual differences abilities. Despite an extensive literature DLD, it remains unclear whether is domain general or restricted and/or auditory tasks.This meta-analysis used robust variance estimation compare response/reaction times (RTs) DLD groups (N = 812 870 neurotypical; Mage [DLD] 8.9 years, range: 4.3-22.7 years). Moderators included task (simple RT, choice naming, congruent/baseline conditions interference control tasks), stimulus type (linguistic/nonlinguistic), modality (auditory/nonauditory), response (verbal/nonverbal). Age publication year were covariates.The overall effect based 46 studies 144 estimates indicated longer mean RTs (g .47, p < .001, 95% CI [.38, .55]). Moderator analyses larger effects when required verbal opposed nonverbal responses. No other moderators approached significance. All subgroup significant, indicating across tasks, types, modalities, modalities.Individuals which may contribute observed difficulties language, motor skills, executive functioning. Simple measures should be screening for delays but not suitable differential diagnosis, given that occur multiple disorders.https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.21809355.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
11
Neurobiology of Aging, Год журнала: 2022, Номер 117, С. 139 - 150
Опубликована: Июнь 3, 2022
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
15
Journal of korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 36(1), С. 26 - 35
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Objectives: This study examined the neurocognitive profiles of early adulthood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) patients using Korean version Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, 4th Edition (K-WAIS-IV) and Continuous Performance Test 3rd (CPT-3) assessment results.Methods: A total 105 individuals underwent K-WAIS-IV assessment, 68 participants completed CPT-3.We differences between intelligence subindex scores paired t-tests applied Pearson's correlation analysis to determine CPT-3 scores.Results: Working Memory Index were significantly lower than Verbal Comprehension scores, whereas Processing Speed (PSI) all three other scores.Significant negative correlations found four for Detectability, Omissions, Commissions, Perseverations, Hit Reaction Time, Time Standard Deviation, Variability. Conclusion:The PSI can be considered a useful predictor in ADHD combined with examination.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
GeroScience, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown
Опубликована: Фев. 3, 2025
Ageing individuals often experience cognitive decline and intrinsic functional connectivity (FC) changes. Psychological resilience, a personality trait that reflects the capacity to adapt cope with age-related challenges, plays key role in mitigating decline. In this study involving 101 older adults, we investigated how psychological resilience influences measured by processing speed. Particularly, obtained resting-state magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) assess FC, represented degree centrality, modulates relationship between Our results indicated while positively predicted speed, was mainly driven education. Additionally, centrality of both thalamus caudate negatively correlated speed resilience. Notably, significantly mediated These findings suggest could protect against via its influence on FC caudate, highlighting these areas as potential intervention targets for reducing ageing people.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Scientific Reports, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 15(1)
Опубликована: Фев. 17, 2025
Speed-of-information processing (SIP) is often impaired in people living with HIV (PLWH), typically assessed through tests such as the digit symbol (DS) and search, which also rely on motor executive functions. This study aims to disentangle SIP deficits from other cognitive impairments PLWH using an MRI-adapted substitution test (mDSST). Fifty-seven (34.7 ± 11.2 years) 50 age-matched without (PLWoH, 31.8 9.9 completed standardized neuropsychological mDSST. Behavioral performances brain activations were compared, correlations drawn between group-differentiating clinical ratings of domains. Results showed that performed worse DS made fewer responses, was slower mDSST, correlating ratings. Notably, greater attention compared PLWoH, rather than or motor. exhibited primary cortex activation reduced right angular gyrus activation. These findings suggest SIP-related may be partially linked abnormal visuospatial attention, reflected by activation, higher potentially serving a compensatory mechanism. Future studies should explore whether prefrontal regions implicated are more severely affected PLWH.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Elsevier eBooks, Год журнала: 2025, Номер unknown, С. 43 - 66
Опубликована: Янв. 1, 2025
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0
Journal of Neurology, Год журнала: 2025, Номер 272(3)
Опубликована: Март 1, 2025
This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to examine the profile extent of cognitive deficits in patients with cerebellar disorders, provide a complete overview domains that might be affected Cerebellar Cognitive Affective Syndrome (CCAS). MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, Web Science were systematically searched 17-07-2024. Studies considered if participants adult clinical diagnosis disorder neuropsychological assessed. Outcomes grouped into processing speed, language, social cognition, executive function, visuospatial skills, episodic memory, verbal intelligence, attention, working memory. All aetiologies included for first evaluation assigned one two groups (focal vs. degenerative) secondary evaluation. Random-effects models employed meta-analyses. 129 studies total 3140 disorders included. Patients performed significantly worse compared control/standardized data all domains. Deficits most pronounced ES [95% CI] = - 0.83 [- 1.04, 0.63], 0.81 0.94, 0.67], 1.19, 0.42]. impairment varied between focal lesions degenerative but was overall group. can impact many domains, extending beyond functioning, language. These outcomes contribute broader understanding cerebellum's role cognition sheds light on associated disorders.
Язык: Английский
Процитировано
0