Perspectives on Psychological Science,
Год журнала:
2024,
Номер
unknown
Опубликована: Янв. 29, 2024
Metacognitive
feelings
are
affective
experiences
that
concern
the
subject’s
mental
processes
and
capacities.
Paradigmatic
examples
include
feeling
of
familiarity,
confidence,
or
tip-of-the-tongue
experience.
In
this
article,
we
advance
an
account
metacognitive
based
on
predictive-processing
framework.
The
core
tenet
predictive
processing
is
brain
a
hierarchical
hypothesis-testing
mechanism,
predicting
sensory
input
basis
prior
experience
updating
predictions
incoming
prediction
error.
According
to
proposed
account,
arise
out
process
in
which
visceral
changes
serve
as
cues
predict
error
dynamics
relating
particular
process.
expected
rate
prediction-error
reduction
corresponds
valence
at
emerging
feeling.
use
model
agent’s
situation
way
both
descriptive
directive.
Thus,
not
only
appraisal
ongoing
cognitive
performance
but
also
set
action
policies.
These
policies
span
trajectories
across
bodily
action,
interoceptive
changes,
together
transform
epistemic
landscape
within
unfold.
Trends in Neurosciences,
Год журнала:
2020,
Номер
44(1), С. 3 - 16
Опубликована: Дек. 29, 2020
Interoception
refers
to
the
representation
of
internal
states
an
organism,
and
includes
processes
by
which
it
senses,
interprets,
integrates,
regulates
signals
from
within
itself.
This
review
presents
a
unified
research
framework
attempts
offer
definitions
for
key
terms
describe
involved
in
interoception.
We
elaborate
on
these
through
illustrative
findings,
provide
brief
overviews
central
aspects
interoception,
including
anatomy
function
neural
non-neural
pathways,
diseases
disorders,
manipulations
interventions,
predictive
modeling.
conclude
with
discussions
about
major
gaps
challenges.
The
insular
cortex
(IC)
plays
key
roles
in
emotional
and
regulatory
brain
functions
is
affected
across
psychiatric
diseases.
However,
the
brain-wide
connections
of
mouse
IC
have
not
been
comprehensively
mapped.
Here,
we
traced
whole-brain
inputs
outputs
its
rostro-caudal
extent.
We
employed
cell-type-specific
monosynaptic
rabies
virus
tracings
to
characterize
afferent
onto
either
excitatory
or
inhibitory
neurons,
adeno-associated
viral
label
efferent
axons.
While
connectivity
between
other
cortical
regions
was
highly
bidirectional,
with
subcortical
structures
often
unidirectional,
revealing
prominent
cortical-to-subcortical
subcortical-to-cortical
pathways.
posterior
medial
exhibited
resembling
patterns,
while
anterior
distinct,
suggesting
two
major
functional
compartments.
Our
results
provide
insights
into
anatomical
architecture
thus
a
structural
basis
guide
investigations
complex
functions.
Science,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
374(6570), С. 1010 - 1015
Опубликована: Ноя. 18, 2021
How
does
the
brain
maintain
fear
within
an
adaptive
range?
We
found
that
insular
cortex
acts
as
a
state-dependent
regulator
of
is
necessary
to
establish
equilibrium
between
extinction
and
maintenance
memories
in
mice.
Whereas
responsiveness
fear-evoking
cues
increased
with
their
certainty
predict
harm,
this
activity
was
attenuated
through
negative
bodily
feedback
arose
from
heart
rate
decelerations
during
freezing.
Perturbation
body-brain
communication
by
vagus
nerve
stimulation
disrupted
balance
similar
inhibition.
Our
data
reveal
integrates
predictive
sensory
interoceptive
signals
provide
graded
bidirectional
teaching
gate
illustrate
how
are
used
functional
equilibrium.
Physiological Reviews,
Год журнала:
2021,
Номер
102(2), С. 689 - 813
Опубликована: Сен. 6, 2021
During
the
past
30
yr,
investigating
physiology
of
eating
behaviors
has
generated
a
truly
vast
literature.
This
is
fueled
in
part
by
dramatic
increase
obesity
and
its
comorbidities
that
coincided
with
an
ever
increasing
sophistication
genetically
based
manipulations.
These
techniques
have
produced
results
remarkable
degree
cell
specificity,
particularly
at
signaling
level,
played
lead
role
advancing
field.
However,
putting
these
findings
into
brain-wide
context
connects
physiological
signals
neurons
to
behavior
somatic
requires
thorough
consideration
neuronal
connections:
field
also
seen
extraordinary
technological
revolution.
Our
goal
present
comprehensive
balanced
assessment
how
associated
energy
homeostasis
interact
many
brain
levels
control
behaviors.
A
major
theme
engage
sets
interacting
neural
networks
throughout
are
defined
specific
connections.
We
begin
discussing
some
fundamental
concepts,
including
ones
still
engender
vigorous
debate,
provide
necessary
frameworks
for
understanding
controls
meal
initiation
termination.
include
key
word
definitions,
ATP
availability
as
pivotal
regulated
variable
homeostasis,
neuropeptide
signaling,
homeostatic
hedonic
eating,
structure.
Within
this
context,
we
discuss
network
models
regions
endbrain
(or
telencephalon),
hypothalamus,
hindbrain,
medulla,
vagus
nerve,
spinal
cord
work
together
gastrointestinal
tract
enable
complex
motor
events
permit
animals
eat
diverse
situations.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
24(6), С. 5736 - 5736
Опубликована: Март 17, 2023
The
transition
from
normal
to
chronic
pain
is
believed
involve
alterations
in
several
brain
areas
that
participate
the
perception
of
pain.
These
plastic
changes
are
then
responsible
for
aberrant
and
comorbidities.
insular
cortex
consistently
found
activated
studies
patients.
Functional
insula
contribute
pain;
however,
complex
mechanisms
by
which
involved
under
pathological
conditions
still
not
clear.
In
this
review,
an
overview
function
provided
findings
on
its
role
human
summarized.
Recent
progress
preclinical
experimental
models
reviewed,
connectivity
with
other
regions
examined
shed
new
light
neuronal
cortex’s
contribution
sensation.
This
review
underlines
need
further
underlying
involvement
chronicity
expression
comorbid
disorders.
Annual Review of Neuroscience,
Год журнала:
2023,
Номер
46(1), С. 211 - 231
Опубликована: Март 14, 2023
Emotions
are
fundamental
to
our
experience
and
behavior,
affecting
motivating
all
aspects
of
lives.
Scientists
various
disciplines
have
been
fascinated
by
emotions
for
centuries,
yet
even
today
vigorous
debates
abound
about
how
define
best
study
their
neural
underpinnings.
Defining
from
an
evolutionary
perspective
acknowledging
important
functional
roles
in
supporting
survival
allows
the
emotion
states
diverse
species.
This
approach
enables
taking
advantage
modern
tools
behavioral,
systems,
circuit
neurosciences,
allowing
precise
dissection
mechanisms
behavior
underlying
processes
model
organisms.
Here
we
review
findings
processing
across
species
try
identify
points
convergence
as
well
next
steps
pursuit
understanding
emerge
activity.
